1、中考英语中考英语阅读理解答题技巧阅读理解答题技巧(选择型选择型&还原型七选五还原型七选五)中考专题复习中考专题复习选择型阅读理解考题类型：选择型阅读理解考题类型：1.细节理解题2.推理判断题3.词义/句义猜测题4.文章结构题5.主旨大意题 细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。常考设问方式：(1)How many species of bees are there in the world?(2)Which of the following is(NOT)true according to the passage?(3)Put the events about
2、 Irving in the correct order.(4)Match the countries with the information and choose the right answer.各类型解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧1 1：题干定位法：题干定位法1）认真审题，找准关键词2）浏览文章，迅速定位3）细读相关文段确定答案e.g.How many species of bees are there in the world?.during the time theyve found a position in almost every partof the earth.There ar
3、e over 20,000 species(物种）of bees,but these wonderful insects-whove survived(存活）awhole host of chances since they first appeared on our plan-et-are now in great danger.解题技巧解题技巧2 2：选项定位法：选项定位法1）认真审选项，找准关键词2）浏览文章，迅速定位3）细读相关文段，逐个判断，确定答案.It seems that everybody tells lies well,not big lies.but what we ca
4、ll white lies.Telling white lies isnt that bad.Most of the time,people doit because they want to protect a friendship.e.g.Which of the following is NOT true?A.White lies are not big liesB.In fact,everybody tells lies.C.People tell white lies to protect a friendship.D.White lies are harmful to friend
5、ship.D解题技巧解题技巧3：选项定位排序：选项定位排序/匹配法匹配法1）认真审左右栏，找准关键词2）浏览文章，迅速定位3）结合关键词（时间/地点），完成排序/搭配4）根据排序结果，确定答案e.g.(1)Put the events about Irving in the correct order.(2)Match the countries with the information and choose the right answer.a.Children go to school with batteries.b.Children take the charged batteries
6、 home.c.Children have classes while the batteries are being charged.d.Children put the batteries into the bottom of theirschools Solar Cow.In 1783 a.The Flyer.In 1830 b.Hot-air balloons.In 1902 c.Gliders with wheels.In 1905 d.Gliders with engine.推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，包括细节隐含意义、语义逻辑、作者态度、作者意图、文章出处、读者身份等的推断。
7、常考设问方式：(1)What can we infer from the passage/the last paragraph?(2)What can we know about Kish from the passage?(3)Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank“_”in Para.3.(4)Whats the writers opinion about genes and environment?(5)Whats the purpose of the passage?(6)Where may the passage come from
8、?(7)Who would the author write the passage mainly for?解题技巧解题技巧1 1：选项定位法：选项定位法1）跳读文章，找相关信息点2）细读理解信息点字面意思3）理解深究信息点深层含义（言外之意）4）结合选项，确定答案e.g.What can we infer from the passage/the last paragraph?What can we know about Kish from the passage?e.g.So one night,I was walking around the cowshed with a torch(手
9、电筒),and that day,the lions didnt come.And I discovered that lions were afraid of a moving light.So I had an idea.1.What can we get from the passage?A.The lion killed all the cows.B.Turere killed the lion at last.C.The lion no longer lived in the park.D.Tureres invention made peace with lions.注意：注意：1
10、.此类题目无法从原文找到一模一样的句子2.过于绝对的选项基本上不可能是答案。比如出现 only,must,all,never等词。D解题技巧解题技巧2 2：A:结构突破法结构突破法1）观察空格所在位置 段首：总结概括 段中：平行句、比较句、转折句 段尾：总结、展望未来2）联系段落内容，做出判断，选出正确答案B:关键词突破法关键词突破法1）观察空格前后，找到关键词 常见关键词：同义词、代词、关联词（逻辑关系）2）结合关键词，选出正确答案 e.g.Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank“_”in Para.3.e.g.the last 400 m
11、etres.Fredrik was trying to tie some rope buthe slipped(滑倒）and fell past Gerlinde.He fell 1,000 metres and was killed._K2 was now a very sad place for her,and she thought perhaps she would never climb the mountain.1.Choose the best sentenceto fill in the blank“_”in Para.7.A.Gerlinde went on climbing
12、.B.Gerlinde wanted to try again.C.Gerlinde went back to base-camp.D.Gerlinde tied some rope to the rocks.ce.g.We know about al-Jazari mostly from a book that he wrote._.They include clocks and hand-washing machines.The book also has drawings that show how each machine works.1.Choose the best sentenc
13、e to fill in the blank“_”in this paragraph.A.He became famous when he was a young man.B.He invented a lot of everyday machines in history.C.It describes a number of machines of all shapes and sizes.D.People in Turkey enjoy reading his books in their free time.c解题技巧解题技巧3 3：关键词、段入手法：关键词、段入手法1）认真阅读题干，找
14、出关键词2）找出文中与题干相关的词语或者段落3）结合选项，找出答案e.g.Whats the writers opinion about genes and environment?表达情绪，气氛，观点的词语 Whats the purpose of the passage?关注第一段和最后一段找准文章主旨 Where may the passage come from?看内容和关键词产品推销广告；生平事迹传记；介绍评价书籍书评科普知识杂志click网站；research/experiment/study报告论文；health/food杂志；文章前有日期新闻 Who would the aut
15、hor write the passage mainly for?关注第一段和最后一段内容猜测词义/句义题主要考查根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义/句义能力。常考设问方式：(1)What does the underlined word“.”(in ParagraphX)mean?(2)What does the underlined word“it/they/that/others”in Paragraph X refer to?(3)What does theunderlined sentence(in ParagraphX)mean?解题技巧：联系上下文猜测词义解题技巧：联系上下文猜测词
16、义/句义句义1）明确题干，在原文中准确定位2）分析词/句前后的语义和逻辑关联，初步确定答案3）将选定答案代入原文，复核语义逻辑，确定答案e.g.Besides the usual classrooms and laboatories,the boarding schools have lots of other facilities for their students,including music rooms,swimming pools,cinemas and theaters.The underlined word means_.A.教师 B.设施 C.活动 D.课程B文章结构题主要考
17、查学生对语篇结构的理解常见结构有：总分；分总；总分总；。常考设问方式：Which of the following best show the structure of the passage?The structure of the passage may be_.解题技巧：由小到大；由段到篇解题技巧：由小到大；由段到篇1）找出每段的中心句，了解段落大意2）将相同段落放在一起，进行结构划分主旨大意题旨在考查学生对段落/全文主题、理解中心思想、归纳与概括信息的能力。常考设问方式：(1)What is the main idea of Paragraph X?(2)Whats the main
18、idea of the passage?(3)What does Paragraph X mainly talk about?(4)What is the passage mainly about?(5)What/Which would be the best title for the passage?解题技巧：看内容看解题技巧：看内容看高频词高频词（50%50%原则原则）1）通读全文，明确文章大意（可跳读每段段首和短尾）2）提炼总结段落大意3）分析选项选出最佳最佳答案注意：注意：以偏概全；断章取义；主题放大；张冠李戴还原短文型阅读理解（还原短文型阅读理解（7选选5）1.细节设空2.衔接过渡
19、设空3.主旨概括设空1.细节设空题细节设空题经常出现在段中，考查段落句子内部之间逻辑关系。2.衔接过渡设空题衔接过渡设空题出现在首段结尾或者段落中间，衔接设空前后内容。3.主旨概括设空题主旨概括设空题位置一般在段首，对段落主题句进行考查。（俗称“小标题”）解题步骤：解题步骤：Step1 通读全文，了解文章结构脉络，了解设空位 置预判选填内容Step2 读选项，明确每个选项具体内容，尤其注意 那种过渡句和总结句Step3 细读设空句前后内容，分析它们之间的逻辑 关系 Step4 结合上述分析和选项试填答案Step5 将初步确定答案代入原文，确保语义顺畅，符合逻辑转折让步：转折让步：however,but,while,even if/though并列递进：并列递进：and,also,besides,first second,not only.but also因果：因果：as,because,for,so,therefore,as a result解释例证解释例证:for example,such as,that is to say,it means,in fact
