1、中考语法复习专题五 介词目录定义分类01考点清单02考点知识归纳03考点过关04中考真题05（一）介词（一）介词介词是一种虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与其后面的名词或相当于名词的其他词类或结构等构成介词短语,才能在句中充当一个句子成分。介词短语在句中可作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等。地点介词地点介词 时间介词时间介词方式介词方式介词其他介词其他介词1.There is a post office _ the other side of _ the street.2.Sam was angry _ them and he left _ telling anybody.3.Work hard
2、and youll catch up _ others.4.We can surf much information _ the Internet.5.They often learn English _ each other.6.The poor old man died _ the evening of October 10.7.The little girl _ red looked beautiful.8.Do you know the key _ success?（二）考点知识清单考点知识测练（填上恰当的介词）onofwithwithoutwithonwithoninto9.They
3、 walked along the river _ another ten minutes.10.I usually spend three hours _ doing my homework.11.Look!Theyre waiting _ the bus _ the bus-stop.12.-How do you go to work every day?-_ underground.13.I think the dictionary is quite useful _ you.14.She began to play the piano _ the age _ five.15.How m
4、uch did you pay _ your new dress?forinforatBytoatoffor考点知识归纳1.表示地点、方位的介词0303(1)地点介词in,on,at表示地点in用于表示比较大的地方(如:洲、国家、省、地区、城市等）;或某个场所里面。例:He lives in Shanghai with his grandparents.on 用于表示在某一物体的表面,强调与表面有接触。例:There are some books and magazines on the desk.at用于比较小的场所(如:建筑物、公共机关等）或门牌号码前。例:Tom is playing b
5、asketball at school.(2)表示方位 in,on,toin,on,to，off offinin表示在境内(范围之内）onon表示相邻或在边界上，接壤toto表示不接壤，在境外（范围之外）offoff表示在海面上靠近海岸的地方 运用举例Guangdong lies _ the south of China and Fujian is _ the east of it.Hainan is _ the coast of the mainland.Japan is _ the east of China.inonbetweenbesidebehindunder1234567in fr
6、ont of在里面在上面在A和B之间AB在旁边在后面在下面在前面(3)表方位(4)表“上下”对比的方位 on/beneath,under/over,above/belowonon表示在之上，与物体表面接触，其反义词是;overover表示没有接触的垂直正上方，其反义词是;aboveabove 表示没有接触的斜上方，其反义词是。(4)表运动方向 acrossacross表示表示横穿，横穿，横穿马路横穿马路/河流河流.throughthrough表示在某一空间表示在某一空间通过通过(从内部中间穿过从内部中间穿过)overover表示从一边到另一边或从上方表示从一边到另一边或从上方越过越过 alon
7、galong表示表示沿着沿着:walk along the streetupup表示向上，反之用表示向上，反之用downto to 表示动作的表示动作的目的地目的地；towardstowards指指朝向朝向；forfor表示前往的表示前往的目的目的，常和，常和leave,head,sail,start off,set out连用连用pastpast表示表示从从旁经旁经2.表时间的介词(1)时间介词 in,on,at in,on,at 表示时间表示时间 in用于表示一段时间(如:世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月份等）、上/下午、傍晚、日间等、一段时间之后或一些固定搭配。例:I met the po
8、or child in December.on用于表示某天(星期、具体的日期、节日当天)以及某个特定的早上、下午、晚上等。例:On June 1st,she is going to the zoo with her friends.at用于表示具体的某一时刻前或一刹那时间、某个节日期间及一些习惯用法等。例：My mother often gets up at 6:00 in the morning.(2)表持续时间表持续时间 from,for,since,in,after from,for,since,in,after from强调时间强调时间从从何时开始何时开始,如果时间持续到某个时间如果时
9、间持续到某个时间,要和要和介词介词toto连用。连用。The man was working from morning to The man was working from morning to the night.the night.for后面用接后面用接时间段时间段。The man worked here for ten The man worked here for ten years.years.since表示表示自从自从：后跟过去的某时间点，与：后跟过去的某时间点，与完成时完成时连用。连用。The man has worked here since last year.The ma
10、n has worked here since last year.in接接一段时间一段时间，意为一段时间后，多用于一般，意为一段时间后，多用于一般将来时将来时 She will finish the job in two days.She will finish the job in two days.after接接一段时间一段时间，常用于，常用于过去时过去时;after;after接接时间点时间点，可用，可用各各种时态种时态。The old man left here after one year.The old man left here after one year.3.表示”除以外”
11、的介词besides表示表示”包含，除包含，除之外之外还有还有”，相当于，相当于 in addition toexcept表示表示”排除，除排除，除之外之外”，可以和，可以和but互换互换 but表示表示”排除排除”，常与，常与nothing,no one等不定代词连用等不定代词连用 except for 表示表示”除去整体中的部分除去整体中的部分”4.表示手段、方式的介词：by,on,in(它们都有它们都有“用用”或乘或乘（车、船、飞机等）（车、船、飞机等）”的意思。的意思。by后面直接加交通工具,by+工具I always go to school by bus.on名词前有冠词、物主代词
12、、指示代词等She often go to school on the bike.in后面接语言、材料或颜色。（交通工具名词前有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等，也可用in)Can you say it in English?Mary often goes to school in her mothers car.with后面接人体器官或某一具体的工具。I saw with the traffic accident with my own eyes.She wrote something with a blue pen.注意:with，by，in三词均译为“用”，表示行为的工具、手段或方式。They
13、 are digging with a spade.by hand；in ink in English/Japanese 用这种方式5.常用固定搭配名词与介词的固定搭配名词与介词的固定搭配常与常与toto搭配的名词：搭配的名词：key，answer，visit，apology，introduction常与常与inin搭配的名词：搭配的名词：interest，satisfaction(满意满意)，expert常与常与onon搭配的名词：搭配的名词：mercy(同情同情)，congratulation(祝贺祝贺)常与常与其他介词搭配搭配的名词：的名词：prize for，respect for，s
14、truggle with形容词与介词的固定搭配形容词与介词的固定搭配与与atat搭配的形容词：搭配的形容词：afraid，angry，good，bad，clever，surprised，excited，puzzled，frightened与与ofof搭配的形容词：搭配的形容词：afraid，sure，certain，full，tired，fond，proud与与withwith搭配的形容词：搭配的形容词：angry，strict，careful，busy，popular与与inin搭配的形容词：搭配的形容词：weak，strict，rich，interested，successful与与tot
15、o搭配的形容词：搭配的形容词：next，good，polite，kind，cruel，rude，known，married，close，similar，due与forfor搭配的形容词：sorry，famous，fit，unfit，eager，anxious，hungry与fromfrom搭配的形容词：far，different，free，safe，absent，tired与aboutabout搭配的形容词 sorry，worried，anxious，careful，sure，1.I often go shopping with my parents _ Saturday afternoons
16、.A.inB.onC.atD.of2.-Guess how much it costs.-I think it costs _ 10 and 20 dollars.A.inB.amongC.betweenD.from3.The western food is quite different _ that here.A.forB.onC.fromD.with4.I didnt believe it until I saw it _ my own eyes.A.withB.byC.onD.at5.China is _ the east of Asia.A.toB.inC.onD.at考点知识过关（
17、单项选择）046.Sally wanted to borrow an English-Chinese dictionary _ me yesterday.But I had lent it _ Bill.A.To;fromB.for;toC.from;toD.from;for7.The woman was so tired that she slept _ nearly 14 hours yesterday.A.onB.for C.to D.in8.-How soon will you be back?-_ half an hour.A.ForB.AfterC.InD.At9.-_ Sunda
18、y,I go to work every day.-No wonder you always stay at home every Sunday.A.BesidesB.ExceptC.BesideD.On10.Mrs.Green are looking _ her pet cat everywhere.A.AtB.throughC.overD.for中考真题过关训练05中考真题精选（单项选择）1.Early _ a sunny morning David and his donkeys stop at a river to drink.A.inB.onC.atD.for2.His story
19、ended happily when he returned to Earth _ very good health.A.atB.onC.inD.for3.Xian got sick and later died for a lung illness _ October 30,1945,aged only 40.A.atB.inC.onD.by4.When the king saw that she was playing his old harp,he was filled _ joy.A.inB.ofC.byD.with5.It showed the love that had held
20、them together at _ Forty years as best friends.A.inB.forC.sinceD.with中考考点精练精测（单项选择）1.We must make the Earth a happy home _ both human beings and animals.A.forB.withC.by D.at2.Bob wants to invite his mother to have dinner _him at Sun Hotel,which is famous _ its seafood.A.with;ofB.with;forC.for;toD.in
21、;as3.The boys went _ the forest and arrived _ the lake.A.out;toB.through;atC.across;inD.at;by4.-Are you going to the train station to meet your aunt_foot or _bus?-Neither.Im going there _ my car.A.on;by;byB.by;by;inC.by;in;inD.on;by;in5.How much does it cost _ the airport to the hotel?A.atB.onC.inD.
22、from6.I really dont agree _ him _ that matter.A.with;aboutB.on;inC.for;onD.about;with7.If you dont understand the word,look it up _ a dictionary.A.atB.outC.inD.on8.-How are you getting on _ your studies?-Very well.A.betweenB.amongC.toD.with9.-How long will the meeting last?-_ about one and a half ho
23、urs.A.SinceB.AfterC.ForD.Through10.Im looking forward_ receiving your reply.A.atB.onC.inD.to11.Last night I got a ticket _ the basketball match _ my friend,Lily.A.at;forB.from;forC.for;fromD.from;by12.She can hardly see anything _ glasses.A.withoutB.withC.inD.from13.Here is some good news _ you.A.to
24、 B.onC.byD.for14.Please pass me the coat _ two pockets.A.forB.byC.withD.from15.Its very clever _ him to work out this difficult problem.A.of B.by C.toD.from16.Its so cold.Lets sit _ the fire.A.of B.byC.toD.from17._ a student,dont spend so much time _ computer games.A.By;onB.For;onC.As;toD.As;on18.In
25、 order to send her to school,her parents work _ morning till night.A.ofB.withC.toD.from19.Children usually get a lot of presents _ Christmas.A.atB.onC.toD.in20.-Do you know wood can be made _ paper?-Yes.Everyone knows this kind of paper was made _ wood.A.in;fromB.by;fromC.into;fromD.from;intoThank you very much
