1、中考英语一词多性和一词多义一、一词多性英语中，有些词有多个词性，比如mistake这个词，既可以作名词，又可以作动词。对于一词多性现象，又分为语义一致（即词性虽不同，但语义相同，如mistake，作名词，意为“错误”，作动词，意为“犯错误”）和语义不一致（即在不同的词性下，语义不同，如like，作动词，意为“喜欢”，而作介词，意为“像”）两种情况。1.词性不同，语义一致Namen名字v命名Given words: importance, decision, mistake, himself, breathe, write, lie, name, trouble, howeverI have a
2、 friendnamed(作动词用：命名)Ralston.Plann计划v做计划Given words: save, advice, agree, language, just, plan, ride, unbelievable, from, encourage, peacefulDontplan(作动词用：做计划)everything.Reportv作报告n报告Given words: happen, important, find, first, different, angry, report, with, excited, before, groupAfter finishing an
3、 experiment, we had to write a labreport(作名词用：报告).2.词性不同，语义不一致Likev喜欢prep像Given words: important, disabled, cheer, like, specially, send, deaf, difference, show, because, forYour donation is greatly appreciated and the money is well used to help disabled peoplelike(作介词用：像)me.Kidn小孩v开玩笑Given words: s
4、uddenly, kid, asleep, begin, first, neighbor, silence, strange, window, surprised, lookYourekidding(kid作动词用：开玩笑).Watchv看n手表Given words: still, watch, we, have, wake, teach, interesting, eye, when, lucky“Youre right,” said Helen, looking at herwatch(作名词用：手表).Breakv打破，破坏n休息Given words: break, lie, hur
5、t, hit, control, rock, risk, important, climb, bloodThe doctor said it was not serious, but he needed to lie in bed and tookbreaks(作名词用：休息)for a few days.二、一词多义英语中，有些词有多个语义，如order，有“命令”“订单”“顺序”等语义。Sinceconj既然，因为；自从Given words: be, like, since, hardly, independence, do, helpful, chores, themselves, s
6、weep, tidyShe has lived with her mother and younger sister Jennysince(意为“自从”的用法)her father went to work in another country two years ago.Timen时间；次数；倍数Given words: time, like, main, famous, sleep, around, because, crowd, special, camera, seemTogether theyve been found in a local market quite a fewtim
7、es(意为“次数”的用法).Standv站立；忍受Given words: true, but, use, know, understanding, advice, stand, quiet, wonder, read, pointI became so angry that I couldntstand(意为“忍受”的用法)her at last.Tellv告诉；辨别Given words: although, tourist, shout, enough, also, easy, how, protect, tell, ancient, achievementThey kept watch
8、ing the enemies in the watchtowers and made fire on the towerstotell(意为“辨认”的用法)each other when the enemies came.Growv成长；种植Given words: outside, sheep, water, useful, depend, enough, friendly, grow, carry, from, whenPeoplegrow(意为“种植”的用法)all kinds of crops in the fields there.三、一词多性且多义1.多个词性用法，且同一词性下，
9、有多个语义。Whileconj与此同时，当时候；而，然而n一会儿；一段时间Given words: why, spend, around, owner, repeat, say, similar, call, try, smart, whileWhile(作连词用，表转折，意为“而，然而”)a human owner usually cant learn a birds language, the bird, instead, tries to learn the language of its owner.Given words: beautiful, owner, find, toy, p
10、art, less, honest, while, is, cents, expensiveI looked at it for a(n)while(作名词用：一会儿).2.多个语义用法，且同一语义下，有多个词性。Liev撒谎；n谎言v躺下Given words: importance, decision, mistake, himself, breathe, write, lie, name, trouble, howeverThe manlay(lie的过去式，意为“躺下”的用法)down on the bed and Doctor Ralston looked over him carefully.Workv工作；n工作n作品Given words: because, beautiful, further, send, hot, including, special, successfully, make, study, workHisworks(意为“作品”的用法)are often chosen as textbooks for foreign language learners.3
