1、广东省广州市天河区2021届普通高中毕业班综合测试（三）英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解British MuseumLocated in Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG, the British Museum houses a vast collection of world art and artifacts and is free to all visitors. The British Museums remarkable collection spans over two million years of human hi
2、story and culture, and it has more than 7 million objects, so it would probably take a week to see everything.Over 6 million visitors every year experience the collection, including world-famous objects such as the Rosetta Stone and Egyptian mummies.Admission and opening timesFree, open daily 10:00
3、to 17:30.Open until 20:30 on Fridays, except Good Friday.Closed on 24, 25 and 26 December and 1 January.Large luggage, suitcases and cabin baggageFor everyones safety, all bags, packages and personal items may be searched before entry. Wheeled cases and large items of luggage are not allowed on Brit
4、ish Museum premises for safety and security reasons. Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations, including Euston, Kings Cross and Charing Cross.MembershipMembership allows you to discover 2 million years of human history with free unlimited entry to special exhibitions, an exclusive di
5、scount offer on magazine subscription and many more benefits.Individual membership: 74Under 26 membership: 54Young friends (ages 8-15): 25ShopsThe Museum has four shops where you can buy books, souvenirs, and family gifts.1When can you visit the British Museum?AAt 9:00 Friday.BOn Good Friday.CAt 12:
6、00 Monday.DOn Christmas Day.2Where can visitors store their large luggage?AAt some crossings.BAt major train stations.CIn the hall of the Museum.DAt the entrance to the Museum.3If two friends aged 14 and 18 apply for membership of the Museum, how much should they pay?A79B99C128D148Cuckoos dont bothe
7、r building their own neststhey just lay eggs that perfectly imitate those of other birds and take over their nests. But other birds are wishing up, evolving some seriously impressive tricks to spot the cuckoo eggs.Cuckoos are often know as parasites, meaning that they hide their eggs in the nest of
8、other species. To avoid detection, the cuckoos have evolved so that eggs seem reproduction of those of their preferred targets. If the host bird doesnt notice the strange egg in its nest, the little cuckoo will actually take the entire nest for itself after it comes out, taking the other eggs on its
9、 back and dropping them out of the nest.To avoid this unpleasant fate for their young, the other birds have evolved a few smart ways to spot the fakes, which were only now beginning to fully understand. One of the most amazing finds is that birds have an extra colour-sensitive cell in their eyes, wh
10、ich makes them far more sensitive to ultraviolet wavelengths and allows them to see a far greater range of colours than humans can. This allows cautious birds to detect a fake egg which might be exactly the same to our eyes.Fascinatingly, were actually able to observe different bird species at very
11、different points in their evolutionary war with the cuckoos. For instance, some cuckoos lay their eggs in the nests of the redstarts. The blue eggs these cuckoos lay are practically alike to those of the redstarts, and yet they are still sometimes rejected. Compare that with cuckoos who target dunno
12、cks. While those birds lay perfectly blue eggs, their cuckoo invaders just lay white eggs with brown irregular shaped spots. And yet dunnocks barely ever seem to notice the obvious trick.Biologists suspect these more easily fooled species like the dunnocks are on the same evolutionary path as the re
13、dstarts, but they have a long way to go until they evolve the same levels of suspicion. Whats remarkable is that the dunnocks fakes are so bad and the redstart ones so good, and yet cuckoos are still more successful with the former than the latter.It speaks to just how thoroughly a species behavior
14、can be changed by the pressures of natural selection, or it might just be a bit of strategic cooperation on the part of the dunnocks. Biologists have suggested that these birds are willing to tolerate a parasite every so often because they dont want to risk accidentally getting rid of one of their o
15、wn eggs.4This passage can be most likely found in a _.Ascience surveyBnature magazineCzoo advertisementDtravel journal5What does the underlined word “parasite” in paragraph 2 most probably refer to?AAnimals that work together to raise young.BSmall harmful animals such as worms or mice.CAnimals that
16、can adapt to changing environments.DAnimals which live on or inside other host animals.6Which of the following is TRUE about the dunnock according to the passage?AIt is colour-blind and therefore cannot identify foreign eggs in the nest.BIt can easily remove cuckoo eggs from the nest because fakes a
17、re so bad.CIt is a host bird that is more likely to raise a cuckoo chick than the redstart.DIt is unable to evolve and hence accepts cuckoo eggs that appear in the nest.7Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?ADunnocks may eventually learn to recognise foreign eggs.BRedstarts seem t
18、o be less suspicious compared to dunnocks.CCuckoo birds are good at taking responsibility for their own young.DIt is very easy for cuckoos to imitate the colouring of the dunnocks egg.Disease-carrying mosquitoes can spread diseases without affecting themselves. Nearly 700 million people get a mosqui
19、to-borne illness each year, which results in over one million deaths. Humans experience continuous pressures from disease-carrying mosquitoes in many parts of the world, so we have to find ways to fight against those insects because they keep getting scarier.Even though DEET remains the most commonl
20、y used, and most powerful, mosquito repellent ever developed, scientists are actively pursuing effective products based entirely on plant oils. While DEET is an effective contact repellent, many people dislike the oily feel and smell on their skin, and sometimes some people are sensitive to it. Cons
21、umers are always interested in alternatives to DEET and other synthetic repellents, so there are numerous natural repellents on the market.In his lab at Iowa State University, Dr. Joel Coats and his team have successfully tested these repellents against three species of dangerous mosquitoes. The fir
22、st group of the new repellents act through the air. These chemicals have a vapor action that provides protection, and they are called “spatial” repellents, since they act through space. These are potentially most useful in backyards, parks, and houses. The other group are the classic ones that stop
23、insects from standing on a treated surface, such as human skin, clothing or tents; collaborators at the USDA-ARS and BioGents have conducted testing with humans to confirm the effectiveness and identify the very best ones.The new repellents were designed and made from the natural materials in plant
24、essential oils. They maintain many of the advantages of the natural repellents: They are fully biodegradable, with no ecological concerns or environmental wastes, and generally considered safe like the thousands of types of plant essential oils used in the flavor and perfume industries. However, tho
25、rough testing will be conducted to determine if they are truly non-poisonous because there is still no enough evidence.8What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 1?AThe way mosquitoes spread disease.BThe high death rate of mosquito-borne illness.CThe difficulty of fighting disease-carryi
26、ng mosquitoes.DThe urgency of finding tools to fight against mosquitoes.9What is a disadvantage of DEET?AIt wont be effective for long.BIt cant be applied universally.CIt causes discomfort to the users.DIt greatly harms peoples health.10What can we learn about the second group of the new repellents?
27、AThey can kill mosquitoes indirectly.BThey are mainly used in the open air.CThey are more effective on human skin.DThey can prevent mosquitoes from contacting users.11Whats the authors attitude to the new repellents?ASubjective.BObjective.CDoubtful.DDisapproving.In order to help discover spoilage an
28、d reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers have developed new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date, but 60% of the 12.5 billion-worth of food we t
29、hrow away each year is safe to eat.The researchers, whose findings were published in ACS Sensors, say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by datea widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable.The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (
30、PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.The Imperial College London resear
31、chers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes onto a special type of paper. The materials are eco-friendly and harmless, so they dont damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging. The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile
32、 devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperials Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although theyre designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They dont always reflect its actual freshness. In fact
33、, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”“These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years. Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.”The authors hop
34、e that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing, like sensing chemicals in agriculture, air quality, and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.12What is the function of PEGS according to the text?ATo improve the taste of foods.BTo improve the service of
35、 stores.CTo help supermarkets store foods.DTo help people test food freshness.13What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning?AIt acts as an electronic nose.BIt reads the data collected by PEGS.CIt helps print the gas sensors onto paper.DIt discovers the spoilage gases from foods.14W
36、hat does Dr. Firat Guder say about use-by dates?AThey are not completely reliable.BThey can help reduce food waste.CThey are based on scientific research.DThey are not accepted by the consumers.15What does the author mainly talk about in the text?AThe process of researching spoilage sensors.BA new t
37、echnology in packaging to reduce food waste.CThe application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.DThe influence of use-by dates on supermarkets and consumers.二、七选五The Adoption OptionThere are many wonderful pets looking for new homes. _16_. The following is some advice about introducing a res
38、cue dog into your life. Choose wiselyNo matter how cute a dog is, its important not to let the heart rule the head when choosing a rescue dog. People naturally love puppies, but mature dogs are a great choice for many people. _17_. The dogs personality and size are usually apparent, so there should
39、be no surprises. _18_That a dog is available for adoption doesnt mean they are automatically a problem dog. _19_. However, some may exhibit unruly（难以驾驭的）behavior due to a lack of training. Its important not to confuse a lack of training with more serious behavioral issues. Good shelters and rescue g
40、roups will have every dog assessed by a qualified behavioral trainer to identify potential problem behaviors. Coming homeArriving in a new home can be stressful for an adult dog. For many dogs you will have to take a trial-and-error approach to understanding what they like, what makes them feel secu
41、re and what they fear. You had better gradually expose your rescue dog to a range of different experiences and other dogs to judge and manage their behavior appropriately. _20_. In this way, they will have company and can be supervised in the early stages.AWhat to expectBWhat you see is what you get
42、CCommon problems and special behaviorsDAdoption provides a pet that second chanceEMany rescue dogs are well trained and well behavedFMost of these issues can be overcome with good trainingGTherefore, its wise to get time off work when the dog arrives三、完形填空I was always complaining about wind or rain.
43、 Although it was nothing unusual for the arrival of wind or rain, it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere, so I _21_ it strongly.On a rainy day a meteorologist (气象学家) I met was very _22_ at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconveni
44、ence for me.He asked, “Have you ever seen typhoon? Do you know what would happen to the world if there were no typhoon?” I shook my head. I had no experience of how overwhelming it was when it _23_ everything away in its way.“Well, let me tell you,” the meteorologist said. “Without it the _24_ of fr
45、esh water will be more serious, for it is a great _25_ of water supply on earth. Without it, there would be a greater imbalance in the distribution of _26_. The equatorial area that receives the most sunshine on earth _27_ entirely on typhoon to disperse (驱散) heat. Without typhoon the tropics would
46、be even _28_ while the frigid zones much colder. As a result the temperate zones (温带) would _29_ from the world.”Ignorance made me_30_. I disliked wind only because it ruffled (吹乱) my hair. I hated rain merely because I had to carry an umbrella. But I had no idea at all that typhoonsomething much mo
47、re violent, something a thousand times more_31_ than wind or rainwas a(n) _32_ to the existence of mankind._33_ no road on earth goes all the way on level ground, theres no person in the world who can do whatever he pleases. Wrong as it is for people to guard against typhoon, it is advisable for a m
48、an to stop to think for a moment before he complains. “_34_ typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?” The _35_ will keep him calm and lead him closer to truthhe will be better aware of the world he lives in.21AblamedBrefusedCfoughtDpunished22AexcitedBpuzzledCdelightedDencouraged23Afrightened
