1、八年级英语下册知识点Unit 11.be scared of sb./sth./doing sth.恐惧某人/某物/做某事2.go up 上升 , 与rise 同义,与go down 或set 相反3.make a noise 发出声响,吵闹4.arrive in 到达,表示到达某一城市、国家等大地方时,用介词in;表示到达某一村庄、车站等小地方时,用介词at ;到达的地方用副词表示时,可不用介词。5.notuntil直到才6.see sb.doing sth看见某人正在做某事7.go cycling 相当于 go to ride a bike ,意思是去骑车。8.hit sb.on the
2、head 表示“打某人的头”,表示的“打某人的脸”要用hit sb.in the face 。9.turn around 转身10.fall off 摔下来11.give sb.a push 推某人一下12.help sb.do sth.= help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事13.get off 从下来,通常指下火车、巴士、轮船、飞机等。14.think about 思考、想起、想到(某人或某事)15.all day 一整天16.one by one 一个接一个地,类似有year by year 一年又一年;day by day 一天又一天。17.hold on 有两个意思,一个
3、是“(电话)不挂断”;一个是“抓紧”。e down 下来19.Whats the weather like ?=How is the weather?天气怎么样20.on the radio 通过收音机21.the same as和.一样。反义短语:be different from22.Whats the date today?今天几号?What day is it today?今天星期几?Whats the temperature?23.maybe(句首)=perhaps(句首)=may be(句中)24.the difference between.and.两者之间的不同之处25.tha
4、nk you for doing sth.感谢做某事26.表示建议:lets do.;Shall we do.;How/What about doing.;Why not do.,You better do.;Would you please do sth.?27.Why dont you do sth.=Why not do sth.为什么不做.?28.Would you please(not) /do sth请某人做(不要做)某事好吗?29.Youd better (not) do sth最好做(不要做)某事好吗?30.on the playground在操场上31.This is the
5、+基数词+主语+have/has +p.p这是某人第几次做.32.make a loud noise发出很大声响33wake up:醒来;wake.up:叫醒Unit 21.grow into 长成2.pass sb.sh.= pass sth.to sb.递给某人某物3.billions of 数十亿的,hundred, thousand, million , billion等词前面有具体数字时,其本身用单数形式,直接修饰名词;表示一个笼统的概念时,这些词用复数形式,而且常与介词of连用修饰名词。4.look after = take care of 照顾,照料。Look after.wel
6、l=take good care of仔细照顾5.be full of 满,充满=be filled with6.be made of/from由制成,be made of 表示在制成的过程中,原材料没有发生质的变化;be made from 表示在制成的过程中,原材料发生质的变化。be made by 被(某人)制造;be made in 在(某地)制造7.carry away 把搬(移)走8.on the tree=on trees 在树上,指的是树上本身的东西,即长在树上;in the tree=in trees 也表示在树上,但它所指的是外来的东西,不是树本身的东西。9.make in
7、to 把制成10.half of 中的一半,当of后面是不可数名词或单数时,谓语用单数,如果half of 后边所接的是可数名词的复数,那么谓语用复数。11.look like 看起来像12.use to do sth.用来做,其中to do sth.表示目的和用途。13.put outside /on /into把放在的外边/上面/里面14.turn into 变成;turninto 把变成15.cover.with.用.覆盖;be covered with 被覆盖16.What is.for?.是做什么用的?17.feed.to sb./sth.把.喂给某人/某物;feed sb.on/w
8、ith sth.用喂养18.in the shade:19.have nothing to do:无事可做Unit 31.play with与一起玩;拿来玩2.slow down 慢下来e from = be from 来自4.all kinds of 各种各样的 ;different kinds of 不同种类的;a kind of 一种5.protect sb./sth.against/ from sth.保护、保卫某人/某事物不受的侵害。6.go extinct 灭绝7.stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(在主动语态中from可以省略,在被动语态中from不可以
9、省略)8.make friends with 与交朋友9.take photos of 给某人照相10.wake up 醒来11.have a good day 玩的愉快12.play a joke on 开某人的玩笑,戏弄某人;have a joke with sb.与某人一起以某事取笑;make a joke about/of sb./sth.拿某人(某事)开玩笑13.stand still 一动不动地站着14.get out of 除外走动;get out of sth./doing sth.逃避(责任或义务),不做份内的事,(使某人)放弃、停止或戒除(习惯等)15.be famous
10、/ well-known for 以著名,以闻名;be famous as 著名的16.get/be married 结婚,get/be married to sb.和某人结婚【词语辨析】1.through ,across穿过through 指“从里面(中心)穿过”,其含义与in有关,尤指森林、人群等。across 指“从表面通过”,其含义与on有关2.nearly , almost 几乎,差不多almost 表达的程度比nearly更接近一些。nearly不能用于修饰否定词,但可被not修饰。3.above , over 在上方above 是介词,表“在上方”,“比还高”,与below相反。
11、over 也有“在上方”的意思,但是它着重指正上方,或盖在上面的意思,而above 并不强调在正上方Unit 41.look into 研究,调查2.do an experiment 做一个试验3.fill/cover with用把装满/盖住;fill in 填上4.upside down 向下翻转过来5.right side up 正面朝上6.turn over 使翻转7.in front of 在前面(在范围外);in the front of 在前面(在范围内)8.on top of 在顶端9.take sth.off sth.使某物离开或脱离(一表面或边缘);take off (指飞机
12、等)起飞,匆忙离去;take sth.off (从身上)除掉、脱下(衣物等)10.be ready for 准备11.take away 取走12.be surprised (at)使惊奇 to ones surprise令某人惊奇的是, in surprise13.a spoonful of 一匙14.dissolve in 溶化,溶解15.half full of 一半16.use up 用光,用完17.adj+enough to do sth.足够做某事【词语辨析】1.find , look for , hunt 找find 强调找的结果,意为“找到”look for 强调动作过程,“寻
13、找”hunt, hunt for sb.sth.意思寻找,寻找某人某物,与look for 同义。Unit 51.go to.on foot=walk to.:步行去.2.Of course.=Sure.=Certainly:当然!3.take a ship:坐轮船4.a new type of :一种新型的.5.high-speed trains:高速列车6.in large numbers:大量的7.had better+动词原形:最好.否定:had better not+动原8.in a hurry:匆忙与hurry to do sth9.make presentation:发言;演讲1
14、0.glue sth onto.:把某物粘到.上11.at the front of:在.前面(强调平面空间) in the front of强调立体空间。12.get+形容词=be+形容词:变得.13.in the future:在将来14.send sb from one place to another place:把某人从一个地方送到另一个地方15.learn about:学习关于.think about:思考;考虑16.present sth to:向.展示某物Unit 61.connect to:连接到.2.hear from sb=get/receive/have a lette
15、r from sb.收到某人的来信,hear of 听说3.in small groups:在小群体中4.in a short time:在短时间内5.thousands of:数以千计的 hundreds of:数以百计的6.answer the phone:接电话7.right now=at once:立刻;马上;现在8.take a message for sb:给某人留口信9.wait a moment:等一下10.chat on the Internet:网上聊天11.millions of:成千上万的12.get/buy sth for sb:为某人买某物13.fail to do
16、 sth:,(未能做某事)fail in dong sth, 做某事失败succeed in doing sth,做某事成功14.feel like doing sth.=want to do sth:=would like to do sth.想要做某事Unit 71.be abroad:在国外 go abroad:出国2.pen pal:笔友3.travel around the world:环游世界4.four main oceans:四大洋5.give a report:作报告6.at the end=finally:最后7.keep doing sth:一直做某事8.look up:
17、查找Unit 841.pick up:捡起2.clean up:清理3.finish doing sth:做完某事4.throw away:扔掉;乱丢5.reusable bags:可重复使用的袋子6.give prizes:颁奖7.leaking toilet:卫生间渗漏8.make into:制作成9.worry about:担心10.try not to do:试着不要做11.make the most pollution:造成最大的污染12.make less pollution:减少污染13.the next day:第二天14.take a walk:散步15.sort into:分类成