1、英语（二）自学教程 Unit 9Facing Lifes Challenges TEXT A 300 HurdlesTEXT BA Violin with Three Strings300 Hurdles300米跨栏1.Life may give you a negative否定的反面的消极,but dont despair-it may just develop into a beautiful picture one day.This year,I realized my theory理论原理学说 that I have on life.Life is like a 300m hurdle
2、 race赛跑路程急流.Since I run the 300m hurdles,I would know what the race is like.生活也许会充满荆棘坎坷，但不要灰心绝望也许有一天它便会勾勒出一幅美丽的画卷。今年我懂得了生活的真谛生活就像一个300米的跨栏比赛。因为参加300米跨栏比赛，所以我知道在这个比赛过程中应该怎么做。1.hurdle hdl n.hurdles pl.跨栏赛；栏架，跨栏；难关，障碍2.negative netv n.否定词；否定；拒绝 adj.坏的；有害的3.despair v.绝望；失去希望；丧失信心2.The first thing to any
3、 race is worrying about whether you are going to win or not.This relates to和有关 worrying about the petty 琐碎的不足为道things in life.Does it really matter if you win?Is it really going to be the end of the world?Or will you be upset推翻颠覆狼狈 if you lose and then forget about it?In life we worry too much and l
4、ive in the moment too little.（承上总结句）对于所有的比赛来说，最担心的事情莫过于输赢。这就好像在担心生活中那些无关紧要的事情一样。难道获胜真的那么重要?难道输了就意味着世界末日的来临?或者你因为输了比赛就黯然神伤然后才慢慢忘记?生活中，我们担心得太多，而活在当下太少。4.petty adj.小的：琐碎的；次要的3.Next is the lining up排队战队 in our own individual 单一的个别的lanes跑道小路.We each start at different spots,地点场所位置but the race is still th
5、e same distance 距离路程for everyone.（承上启下句）This relates to our lives taking us to different places and putting us in different situations,but hopefully we will end up最终成为最后处于 in the same place,but maybe at different times.接下来就是在我们自己的跑道上蓄势待发。尽管在不同的地点起跑，但对我们每个人来说比赛的路程是相同的。这就好比生活将我们引领到不同的地方，放置到不同的环境中，但令人充
6、满希望的是，尽管在不同的时间，但我们最终会在同一个地方谢幕。3.This relates to our lives taking us to different places and putting us in different situations,but hopefully we will end up in the same place,but maybe at different times.(1)relate to 涉及，有关(2)taking us to different places和putting us in different situations的逻辑主语都是our l
7、ives，作relate to的宾语。(3)end up in the same place 在同一个地方结束，即有同样的结局end up in prison/in debtsend up beggingend up as a beggar/prisoner5.individual ndvdul adj.一个人的；供一个人用的6.lane lenn.（比赛的）跑道，泳道7.spot n.地点；场所；处所4.Now comes the beginning of the race.We all try to keep up with 齐步前进跟上everyone and pace ourselve
8、s调整节奏适应 with other people.This symbolizes象征代表 that at times in everyones lives we worry about fitting in 合得来适应or being the same as other people,instead of worrying about being unique.If everyone were the same,the world would be incredibly不可思议 boring.现在比赛开始。我们都竭尽全力追赶别人，尽量让自己跟上他人的步伐。这表明有时在生活中我们每个人都会担心
9、要去适应他人或者与他人一样，而不是担心成为独一无二的自己。如果人与人没有什么区别的话，这个世界是多么单调，令人生厌啊。4.This symbolizes that at times in everyones lives we worry,about fitting in or being the same as other people,instead of worrying about being unique.(1)at times:sometimes(2)fit in:合得来，适应(3)instead of:rather than8.symbolize smblaz v.象征；是的象征；
10、代表symbol-ize常用的动词后缀：modernize mdnazv.现代化,globalize lblaz vt.全球化,economize knmaz 节约9.incredibly nkredbli adv.极端地；极其credible 可靠的，可信的credibly变副词时需省略-e的形容词有simple,true,credible,believablesimply,truly,(in)credibly,(un)believably5.Now comes the first hurdle.This hurdle is the easiest to get over解决克服控制 bec
11、ause you are not worn out使疲乏筋疲力尽 from running.We all make it获得成功 over this hurdle with ease轻而易举地.This symbolizes those obstacles阻碍干扰 in life that we struggle to get over解决克服,but we always manage设法 to do so.You can look at that hurdle in two ways:I cant make it over,Im too tired or I am one more hurd
12、le closer to finishing this race.This is an example of taking a negative situation and seeing something positive in it.（承上句）现在到了第一个跨栏。由于刚开始比赛你还没有筋疲力尽，所以这个跨栏是最容易的。我们很轻松地跨过了这个栏杆。这就好像我们奋力去克服生活中的一些障碍，无论怎样，我们总能解决它们。你可以用两种心态看待这个跨栏：“我无法跨过它，我太累了”或者“我又跨过了一个栏杆，我离比赛终点又近了一步”。这是一个在消极的环境中看到积极因素的例子。10.positive pzt
13、v adj.良好的；正面的6.The next part of the race is every hurdle between the first and last one.（主题句）These hurdles get tougher难办的费力的 and tougher and you may feel as though you cant go on.This happens a lot in life too.（承上启下句）There may be a situation that arises起身出发 where you feel as though you cant make it
14、and all you can think about is giving up.You may fall over（几乎）被.绊倒 that hurdle or struggle getting over it,but somehow you find it in yourself to jump over it and move on with the race.比赛的下一部分，就是介于第一个栏和最后一个栏中间的每一个栏。跨过这些栏难度越来越大，你似乎感觉到自己无法继续坚持了。当然这种事情在生活中也经常发生。譬如，有些时候你觉得自己无法完成某事，你满脑子想的就是想要放弃。也许你会被跨栏绊倒
15、，也许你会很艰难地跨过它，但无论怎样你克服了这些困难，然后继续进行这场比赛。11.tough tf adj.艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的12.arise raz v.发生；产生；出现arise from sth.区分：arouse/arisearouse ones anger/respect/sympathy7.Next is that last 100m of the race.You feel as though you just want to say,No I cant do this.Again,you must find it in yourself that you can do it
16、,and you must finish the race stronger than when you had started it.接下来是整个比赛的最后100米，你也许只想说：“不，我无法跑完最后100米。”但你必须要再告诫自己你一定能做到，而且必须在快结束的时候比刚开始比赛时跑得更快。5.Again,you must find it in yourself that you can do it,and you must finish the race stronger than when you had started it.(1)find it in yourself that yo
17、u can do it，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that从句。(2)you must finish the race stronger than，stronger是主语的补语，说明主语的状态。例如：He died young/poor.名词也可以作主语的补语，说明主语的状态。例如：He died a beggar.She came from her marriage a stronger person.3.Then they realize theres got to be something more to life than meets the eye if a guy without
18、 arms and legs is living a fuller life.(1)There is something to/in sth.有意义，有道理(2)live a full life 生活充实(3)译文：接着他们意识到，如果一个没有四肢的人过得比普通人更充实，那么人生的含义必定超出了我们目光所及的范畴。8.Now lastly is the last hurdle.This hurdle is the toughestout of all of them.In life we find ourselves falling andfalling,and maybe getting t
19、oo lost 不知所措一筹莫展in our problems that we feel like we have been through enough and theres no hope.That last hurdle symbolizes these situations.（承上句）Its one step close to the end of the race.现在到了最后一个栏杆，这个跨栏是最难跨越的。生活中，我们发现自己不断跌倒，为种种问题所困扰，感觉自己历经重重磨难，仍然看不到希望，这最后一个跨栏象征了这些情况。这是靠近比赛结束的关键一步。13.lost adj.不知所措的
20、；一筹莫展的6.In life we find ourselves falling and falling,andmaybe getting too lost in our problems that we feellike we have been through enough and theres no hope.生活中，我们发现自己不断跌倒，为种种问题所困扰，感觉自己历经重重磨难，仍然看不到希望。(1)find oneself falling and falling，现在分词作宾补。（可参考Unit 7,Text A）再如：When he came to,he found himself
21、 lying in hospital.He found himself surrounded by several boys.(2)be through 经过，历经；完成，结束（可参考Unit 5,Text B）9.Once you finish,you look back 回首回忆on it and you realize that you made it not by leaping跳跃跳过,but step by step.Yard by yard,life is very hard.But inch by inch,life can be a cinch确实有把握的 简单的.一旦你成功
22、了，你再回过头来看，你会意识到成功不是一蹴而就的，而是靠一步一个脚印地坚持走过。“生活在遥不可及的追求下步履蹒跚，生活在一步一个脚印的指引下轻松度过。”7.Yard by yard,life is very hard.But inch by inch,life can be a cinch.一码一码地，生活很困难。但是一英寸一英寸地来，生活只是小菜一碟。即生活中我们要一步一个脚印，循序渐进。（注：1 yard=0.9144 meter,1 inch=2.54 centimeters）14.leap lip v.跳跃15.yard jd n.码16.inch nt n.英寸17.cinch sn
23、t n.很容易的事；小莱10.(8)All it takes is one step at a time,one hurdle at a time.成功需要的就是每次一小步，每次一个突破。(1)all=all that=what(2)at a time:separately每次，逐一，依次Take the pills two at a time.区分：at one time:formerly一度，从前At one time I used to go skiing every winter.A Violin with Three Strings三弦小提琴1.On Nov.18,1995,Itzh
24、ak Perlman,the violinist小提琴家,came on stage to give a concert at Avery Fisher Hall at Lincoln Center in New York City.1995年11月18日，小提琴家伊扎克?帕尔曼在纽约市林肯中心的埃弗里费雪厅上台准备开始一场音乐会。2.If you have ever been to a Perlman concert,you know that getting on stage is no small achievement for him.He was stricken 患病的受挫折wit
25、h polio小儿麻痹症 as a child,and so he has braces双脚规形夹 on both legs and walks with the aid of在辅助之下two crutches拐杖.To see him walk across the stage one step at a time,painfully and slowly,is an awesome令人惊叹敬畏的 sight.如果你曾听过帕尔曼的音乐会，你就知道登台演出对他来说是个非凡的成就。他幼年患有小儿麻痹症，两条腿都安有铁夹，靠拄两个拐杖走路。看着他一步一步艰辛、缓慢地穿过舞台，那场面真令人敬畏!1.
26、If you have ever been to a Perlman concert,you know that getting on stage is no small achievement for him.Hes no actor./He is not an actor.Youre no writer.no可修饰可数名词或不可数名词，用法上相当于not a/any，例如：He is no student.(not a)There are no classes on campus today.(not any)1.stricken strkn adj.受煎熬的；患病的；遭受挫折的panic
27、/grief/conscience/poverty-stricken 极度受惊/忧伤/内疚/贫穷的2.polio pli n.小儿麻痹症3.brace bres n.双脚规形夹4.aid edn.（某工作所需的）帮助，助手，辅助物5.crutch krt n.（腿脚受伤病人用的）腋杖6.awesome sm adj.令人惊叹的；令人畏惧的3.He walks painfully,yet majestically壮丽的威严的,until he reaches his chair.Then he sits down,slowly,puts his crutches on the floor,und
28、oes打开解开 the clasps扣环 on his legs,tucks 把塞进one foot back and extends the other foot forward.Then he bends down and picks up the violin,puts it under his chin下巴,nods to the conductor乐队指挥 and proceeds接着 继续 to play.他艰辛但又庄重地走到椅子边，慢慢坐下，把拐杖放到地板上，解开腿上的扣钩，把一只脚掰向身后，把另一只脚伸向身前。接着，他弯下身拿起小提琴，放到身上，用下巴顶好。他朝乐队指挥点头示意
29、，随即开始了演奏。7.majestically mdestkli adv.威严地；壮丽地8.undo ndu v.打开；解开；拆开unfold 展开，打开uncover 发现，揭示，揭开（盖子）unload 卸货unearth9.clasp klsp n.（包、皮带或首饰等的）搭扣，扣环10.tuck tkv.把塞进狭窄的空间；把藏入11.chin tn n.颏；下巴v.聊天；作引体向上n.下巴12.conductor kndkt(r)n.乐队指挥conduct13.proceed prsid v.接着做；继而做go on to do4.By now,the audience is used
30、to this ritual程序礼节.They sit quietly while he makes his way 去 前往across the stage to his chair.They remain reverently 恭敬的虔诚的silent while he undoes the clasps on his legs.They wait until he is ready to play.一直以来，观众都对他的开场动作习以为常。他们静静地坐着，看帕尔曼艰难地穿过舞台走向椅子。他们一言不发，带着敬意看帕尔曼解开两条腿上的扣钩。他们等着他开始演奏。14.ritual rtuln.程
31、序；仪规；礼节15.reverently revrntli adv.恭敬地；虔诚地5.But this time,something went wrong.Just as he finished the first few bars小节,one of the strings on his violin broke.You could hear it snap断裂崩断-it went off突然发出巨响 like gunfire 炮击炮火across the room.There was no mistaking what that sound meant.There was no mistak
32、ing what he had to do.但是这一次意外出现了。他刚弹奏完前面几段，小提琴的一根弦断了。你能听到那响声，音乐厅里就像顿时响起了枪声一样。那声音让人们很确信发生了什么，人们也很清楚帕尔曼接下来必须要做什么。2.There was no mistaking what that sound meant.There was no mistaking what he had to do.There was no mistaking 不会弄错类似的结构：There is no denying(the fact)that 16.bar b(r)n.（音乐）小节17.snap snp v.(
33、使)断裂，绷断6.We figured认为认定 that he would have to get up,put on the clasps again,pick up the crutches and limp瘸着走 his way off stage-to either find another violin or else find another string for this one.But he didnt.Instead,he waited a moment,closed his eyes and then signaled预兆暗示 the conductor指挥人 to beg
34、in again.我们猜想他会不得不放弃演奏，重新扣上腿上的扣钩，拿起拐杖，一瘸一拐地走下舞台。他要么去找另一把小提琴，要么去为断弦的小提琴找另一根弦。但是他没有。他等了一小会儿，闭上眼睛，接着向乐队指挥示意重新开始。18.figure f(r)v.认为，认定（某事将发生或属实）19.limp lmp vi.跛行；蹒跚7.The orchestra管玄乐队 began,and he played fromwhere he had left off.And he played with such passionand such power and such purity纯净纯粹 as they
35、had never heard before.乐队又开始了演奏，他从刚才停下的部分开始。观众从来没有听过他这么富有激情、饱含力量的纯净的演奏。20.orchestra kstrn.管弦乐队21.purity pjrtin.纯洁；纯净；纯粹purepuritypurify v.净化-ify:beautify v.美化 simplify vt.简化classify vt.分类；归类3.And he played with such passion and such powerand such purity as they had never heard before.(1)suchasSuch a
36、 disaster as her car being stolen had never happened before.像她的汽车被盗之类的祸事，以前从未发生过。Such advice as he was given proved almost worthless.给他提的那类建议简直毫无价值。(2)本句译文：他的演奏那么有激情，那么有力量，那么纯粹，他们以前从来没有听到过。8.Of course,anyone knows that it is impossible to play a symphonic 交响乐work with just three strings.I know that,
37、and you know that,but that night Itzhak Perlman refused to know that.（承上启下句）You could see him modulating变调换调,changing,re-composing镇静 the piece in his head.At one point在某个时刻,it sounded like he was de-tuning（调试）the strings to get new sounds from them that they had never made before.当然，任何人都知道仅靠三根弦是不可能演
38、奏交响乐的。我们大家都知道这个事实，但是伊扎克?帕尔曼当晚却坚定证明他能够做到。你能感觉到他在脑海中转调、改变和重新谱写着这支曲子。听起来像是他在微调琴弦的音调，使其发出以前没有发出过的新声音。22.symphonic smfnk adj.交响乐的23.modulate mdjulet v.变调；转调24.de-tune ditjun v.使改变调子9.When he finished,there was an awesome可怕的敬畏的 silence in the room.And then people rose and cheered喝彩欢呼.There was an extraord
39、inary意外的异常的 outburst of applause鼓掌喝彩 from every corner of the auditorium礼堂会堂.We were all on our feet,screaming 尖声喊叫and cheering,doing everything we could to show how much we appreciated欣赏赏识感激 what he had done.He smiled,wiped the sweat出汗冷汗 from his brow,raised his bow to quiet us,and then he said-not
40、 boastfully自夸,but in a quiet,pensive沉思忧伤,reverent深表尊敬 tone音调 You know,sometimes it is the artists task工作任务功课 to find out how much music you can still make with what you have left.当他表演结束的时候，整个音乐大厅寂静无声。然后大家都起立为他鼓掌喝彩。音乐厅里到处都爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。我们都站起来，尖叫着，欢呼着，尽一切所能来表达我们对帕尔曼演奏的赞赏。他笑了，擦去额头上的汗水，举起小提琴的琴弓示意让我们安静下来。接着他
41、用一种低沉的、深思的和带有恭敬却丝毫没有自夸的语气对我们说，“大家知道，有的时候，音乐家的天职就是去发现使用残缺的乐器仍能演奏出什么音乐来。”4.We were all on our feet,screaming and cheering,doing everything we could to show how much we appreciated what he had done.(1)on ones feet 站立(2)screaming,cheering,doing everything we could现在分词作状语，表示伴随。(3)to show how much we appr
42、eciated what he had done不定式作状语，表示目的，修饰doing everything we could。(4)appreciateI will greatly appreciate your/you keeping it a secret.He helped me a lot.I really appreciate it.appreciative(of)appreciation5.You know,sometimes it is the artists task to find out how much music you can still make with wha
43、t you have left.你们知道，有时候，艺术家的任务就是要弄清楚用自己所剩的还能创造出多少音乐(1)It is the artists task to do sth.(2)make music with what you have left 用你仅剩的资源去演奏音乐(3)left 分词作定语He has got only 10 dollars left for the month.There is five minutes left for this class.25.outburst atbst n.（感情的）爆发，迸发burst out crying/laughing/singi
44、ngburst into tears/laughter/angry words26.applause plz n.鼓掌；喝彩applaud27.auditoriumdtrim n.礼堂；会堂28.appreciate priietv.欣赏；赏识appreciateappreciative(of)29.brow bra n.额头；眉毛；山脊；表情30.bow ba n.琴弓；鞠躬礼；蝴蝶结；船头v.鞠躬；致敬；压弯31.boastfully bstfl adv.自吹自擂地；自夸地boastboast of/about(doing)sth.boaster自夸的人，吹牛者32.pensive pen
45、sv adj.沉思的；忧伤的33.reverent revrnt adj.非常尊敬的；深表崇敬的10.What a powerful line that is!It has stayed in my mind ever since I heard it.And who knows?Perhaps that is the definition 明确 清晰of life-not just for artists,but for all of us.这是一句多么引人深思的话啊!从听到这句话的那一刻起我就一直把它铭记于心。谁知道呢?也许这就是生命的真谛不只是对音乐家，对我们所有的人来说都适用。11.H
46、ere is a man who has prepared all his life to makemusic on a violin with four strings,who,all of a sudden突然猛地,in the middle of a concert,finds himself with only three strings;so he makes music with three strings,and the music he made that night with just three strings was more beautiful,more sacred神
47、圣的不可侵犯的,more memorable,难忘的不可磨灭的 than any that he had ever made before,when he had four strings.他毕生都致力于演奏四根弦的小提琴，但在音乐会期间小提琴突然只剩下三根弦：因此他便用三根弦演奏，然而，那晚他用三根弦演奏的音乐却比他之前用四根弦演奏的音乐更加美妙，更加扣人心弦，更加令人难忘。34.sacred sekrd adj.上帝的；神的；神圣的12.So,perhaps our task in this shaky不稳固的摇晃的,fast-changing,bewildering令人困惑使人糊涂的 world in which we live is to make music,at first with all that we have,and then,when that is no longer possible,to make music with what we have left.所以，在这个摇摇欲坠、风云变幻和令人困惑的世界里，我们的任务也许就是弹奏自己的音乐，一开始使用所拥有的一切弹奏，然后，当拥有一切不可能时，使用剩余部分继续弹奏。35.shaky eki adj.不稳固的；不牢靠；摇晃的；不确切的36.bewildering bwldr adj.令人困惑的；使人糊涂的
