1、UNIT 3 THE INTERNETDiscovering Useful StructureThe Present Perfect Passive VoiceLearning object:1.To learn the structure of the present perfect passive voice.2.To learn the usage of the present perfect passive voice.以上句子中所使用的时态和语态以上句子中所使用的时态和语态是是 。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态An enemy has been slained.一名敌人被击
2、杀。一名敌人被击杀。An ally has been slained.我方队友被击杀。我方队友被击杀。You have been slained.你被击杀了。你被击杀了。Verb formActivePassivehave/has+been+v-edThe structure of the present perfect passive voice have/has+v-ed主动主动被动被动have/has+been+v-ed Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.People have written mu
3、ch about the wonders of the World Wide Web.Read and compareThe first one is passive form,while the second one is active.1Read the pairs of sentences.Underline and compare the different verb forms.has been v-edhas v-edCan you find more examples of present perfect passive voice on P28?1.Much _(write)a
4、bout the wonders of World Wide Web.2.Peoples lives _（change）by online communities and social networks.3.Many people _ (help)by the club.4.Jans life _(improve)by the Internet.has/have+been done has been greatly improvedhave been helpedhas been changedhas been written ConclusionS+have/has+Past Partici
5、ple(V3)+OS+have/has been+PP(V3)+(by+O)She has just read a book.A book has just been read(by her).1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系，主语和谓语之间为被动关系，通常与，通常与already,yet,just,never,recently等副词连用。等副词连用。例：The machine has already been repaired.2.表示表示一个
6、被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与，常与for或或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long.?”句型中。句型中。例：Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.How long has this film been shown?3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语用现在完成
7、时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态态代替将来完成时的被动语态。例：You shouldnt leave school before your homework has been finished.现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态的用法现在完成时的被动语态的用法用法用法1:被动动作发生在过去被动动作发生在过去,已经完成已经完成,对现在造成影响或产生对现在造成影响或产生结果。结果。(already,yet,so far,by now)The letter (post)already.has been postedMany houses (build)for the p
8、oor so far.have been built用法用法2:被动动作发生在过去被动动作发生在过去,持续到现在持续到现在,并有可能继续持续下去。并有可能继续持续下去。(for+一段时间一段时间;since；since+段时间段时间+ago)The machine (repair)for two hours but it still doesnt work.has been repairedPaper money (use)for over 50 years.has been used肯定式：My books have been finished.否定式：His homework hasnt
9、been finished.一般疑问句：Has this bridge been finished?特殊疑问句：Why has he been praised by his teacher?have/has+been+donehave/has+not+been+doneHave/Has+主语+been+done?特殊疑问词+have/has+been+done?探究一 现在完成时的被动语态的各种句式“三变三变”例：They have already solved the problem.原句原句主语主语 by的的宾语宾语宾语宾语 主语主语 谓语谓语由主动由主动 被动被动“三不变三不变”原句原句
10、意思意思不变不变 原句原句时态时态不变不变 原句原句主谓宾以外主谓宾以外成分不变成分不变The problem _ by them.has already been solved被动语态被动语态注意事项注意事项1.不及物动词和不及物动词短语不及物动词和不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，如：，没有被动语态，如：rise,happen,take place,break out,come about,survive,remaind,last,die,disappear,end,fail,belong to,consist of.Eg：Great changes have been taken place
11、 in my hometown recently.Eg:After the traffic accident,no one was survived except a person who was badly injured.注意事项注意事项2.一般说来，只有及物动词才有被动语态，一般说来，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但许多但许多“不及物动词不及物动词+副词副词或介词或介词”构成的短语动词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态，但变，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态，但变被动语态后，不可把介词或副词漏掉被动语态后，不可把介词或副词漏掉,eg:laugh at,operate on,li
12、sten to,look after,take care of,think of,talk about,hand in,catch sight of,make use of,pay attention to,turn onEg.:My sister will be taken care of by grandma.The patient is being operated on now.练：练：He turned on the radio just now.The radio was turned on by him just now.SUMMMARY现在完成时的被动语态含义结构1.1.表示过
13、去发生的动作强调对现在的影响；表示过去发生的动作强调对现在的影响；2.2.动作从过去某一时间一直持续到现在动作从过去某一时间一直持续到现在。have/has been done用法主语和谓语之间存在被动关系主语和谓语之间存在被动关系1.The young man was often seen_ by the lake.A.to draw B.to drawing C.draw D.drew2.English _ in many countries,but the Chinese _ their own language.A.speaks,spoken B.is spoken,are spoke
14、nC.is spoken,speak D.is spoken,speaks3.-Where are bananas _?-_ grown in South China.A.grow,Its B.grown,Its C.grown,Theyre D.grew,TheyreMultiple ChoiceACC4.The students _finish their homework in the classroom by their teacher after school.A.will be made to B.will made to C.will made D.made to5.Great changes _ in the past ten years in China.A.took place B.have taken place C.were taking place D.had taken place6.An accident _ just now.A.Happens B.happened C.Was happened C.has happenedMultiple ChoiceABBThank You!
