1、Unit 3 The InternetDiscovering Useful StructuresTalk about something that has been done现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态Read the pairs of sentences.Underline and compare the different verb forms.Jans life has been greatly improved by the Internet.Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.The
2、Internet has greatly improved Jans life.People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.The students have cleaned the classroom.The classroom has been cleaned.You neednt clean it now.现在完成时现在完成时activepassive表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被
3、动语态现在完成时现在完成时被动语态被动语态have/has been done现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态be donehave/has beenHow do we form the present perfect passive voice?现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态肯定形式：肯定形式：His homework has been finished.否定形式：否定形式：His homework has not been finished.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Has his homework been finished yet?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：How long
4、 has his homework been finished?主语主语+have/has been done.主语主语+have/has not been done.have/has+主语主语+been done.?疑问词疑问词+have/has+主语主语+been done.?现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系，主语和谓语之间为被动关系，通常与，通常与already,yet,just,never,rece
5、ntly等副词连用。等副词连用。例：The machine has already been repaired.2.表示表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与，常与for或或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long.?”句型中。句型中。例：Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.How long has this film been shown?3.用在时间或
6、条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态态代替将来完成时的被动语态。例：You shouldnt leave school before your homework has been finished.现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态1.现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别The machine has been repaired.（说明动作发生在过去，对现在有
7、影响，“现在修好了”）The machine is being repaired now.（说明动作正在进行）The machine was repaired yesterday.（只说明动作发生在过去）2.非延续性动词，如非延续性动词，如borrow,finish,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join等构成的现在完成等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。时态。例：工程已开始三个月了。The project has been star
8、ted for three months.（F）The project has been on for three months.（T）现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：already 已经 yet 已经recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经so far 迄今为止 by now 到现在为止for a long time 很长一段时间in recent years 在最近几年里in/during/over the past/last years 在过去
9、的几年里现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态1.现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性的动作，动作已完成并现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性的动作，动作已完成并强调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。强调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。例：The door has already been locked.门早已经被锁上了。I have been employed at the job since 2015.自从2015年，我就做这份工作。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态2基本构成基本构成：has/have been done。其他
10、句式：肯定式主语have/has been done.否定式主语have/has not been done.一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done.?特殊疑问式特殊疑问词have/has主语been done.?现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态3.现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态 只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。例：Tom has sold out all the magazines.All the magazines have been sold out by Tom.带有双宾语的动词，如give,sen
11、d,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。We have given him the book.He has been given the book.The book has been given to him.现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。例：After decor
12、ating the Amber Room with jewels,the artists have made it more splendid.After being decorated with jewels,the Amber Room has been made more splendid.注意：带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，若宾语补足语为省略to的不定式充当时，在被动语态中需将省掉的to加上。例：The boss has made his company offer more chances for people to work.His company has been made
13、to offer more chances for people to work.动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。例：Its said that the problem has been looked into.现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态1.用现在完成时的被动语态改写、翻译句子用现在完成时的被动语态改写、翻译句子Jacks boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.Jack _ by his boss for his devotion to work.They ha
14、ve found a good place to build a temple in the village.A good place to build a temple in the village _.We havent yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem.How to solve that difficult technological problem _ yet.当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。I will go home when my homework _.纸币已被使用了1000多年了。Paper
15、 money _ for over one thousand yearshas always been praisedhasnt been decidedhas been found巩固强化巩固强化has been finishedhas been used2.将下面句子变为被动语态将下面句子变为被动语态I have asked her to help you_We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years_He has sent me an email_She has been asked by me to help you.Many trees have been planted on the hill by us in the last 5 years.I have been sent an e-mail by him.An e-mail has been sent to me by him.巩固强化巩固强化Thank you!
