1、Unit 3 The InternetActive and passive voices单击输入您的封面副标题Lead-in 一、什么是语态？一、什么是语态？语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明_和和_之间的关系。之间的关系。二、语态的种类：二、语态的种类：_和和_主语主语谓语动词谓语动词主动主动被动被动挑事儿：挑事儿：If you think youre such a tough guy,then hit me.You hit me!Come and help me!I was hit/beaten.现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构:S+have/ha
2、s+V-过去分词（done）被动语态的结构被动语态的结构:be（been）+V-过去分词（done）Summary：现在完成时的被动语态肯定式就是：主语+have/has+been+V-过去分词人教版2019版 高一 unit3 The Internet grammar【优秀课件】人教版2019版 高一 unit3 The Internet grammar【优秀课件】现在完成时的被动语态Q:What can you find?I have ordered a pizza for you.A pizza has been ordered for you.The Internet has chan
3、ged our life.Our life has been changed by the Internet.现在完成时的现在完成时的被动被动语态语态一、找出下面句子的谓语结构，哪些是主动？哪些是被动？1.Jans life has been greatly improved by the Internet.2.The Internet has greatly improved Jans life.3.People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.4.Much has been written about th
4、e wonders of the World Wide Web.被动主动主动被动现在完成时现在完成时被动语态被动语态have/has been done现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态be donehave/has beenHow do we form the present perfect passive voice?现在完成时的现在完成时的被动被动语态语态二、现在完成时的被动语态意义及结构二、现在完成时的被动语态意义及结构表示动作发生在过去表示动作发生在过去,到现在已经完成或对现在产生的影响。到现在已经完成或对现在产生的影响。动词和被修饰主语构成被动关系（例句结合导学案动词和被修饰
5、主语构成被动关系（例句结合导学案P55）肯定式：肯定式：have/has+been+v-ed.否定式：否定式：have/has+not+been+v-ed.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语主语+been+v-ed.?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：疑问词疑问词+have/has 主语主语+been+v-ed.?注意：下面情况下用被动语态：1.1.强调动作的承受强调动作的承受者者，即动作的承受者即动作的承受者是是谈谈话的中心话的中心。2.2.不知道或不不知道或不必要或必要或为了委婉为了委婉/礼貌礼貌,不不便便说出动作的发出者。说出动作的发出者。3 3.当动作的执行者带有当动作的执行者带有较
6、长的定语。较长的定语。肯定形式：肯定形式：His homework has been finished.否定形式：否定形式：His homework has not been finished.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Has his homework been finished yet?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：How long has his homework been finished?主语主语+have/has been done.主语主语+have/has not been done.have/has+主语主语+been done.?疑问词疑问词+have/has+主语主语+been do
7、ne.?现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态三、现在完成时的被动语态有三种情况：1)表过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在，常连用的时间状语有：for+段时间，since+时间状语(从句)，these days,so far,up to now,in the last/past few years等。eg This class have been taught by Mr.Brown for two years.His Chinese has been improved a lot since he came to China.Rowlings novels have been transla
8、ted into many foreign languages so far.2)表某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already,yet,just,ever,never,recently等连用。eg The bike has not been repaired yet.I have already been introduced to Mr.Smith.注意：有些动词没有被动语态,如不及物动词happen,take place,break out等。e.g:在你的作业没完成在你的作业没完成(finish)(finish)之前你不应该离开学校。之前你不应该离开学校。You shouldn
9、t leave school before your homework has been finished.人教版2019版 高一 unit3 The Internet grammar【优秀课件】3 3）用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动将来某时已完成的动作作，也就是也就是用用现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态替代替代将来完成时的被动将来完成时的被动语态语态。注意：下来情况下用被动语态：注意：下来情况下用被动语态：1.1.强调动作的承受者强调动作的承受者，即动作的承受者即动作的承受者是是谈话的中心谈话的中心。2.2.不知道或不必要或不知道或不必
10、要或为了委婉为了委婉/礼貌礼貌,不不便便说出动作的发出者。说出动作的发出者。3 3.当动作的执行者带有较长的定语。当动作的执行者带有较长的定语。Tips:常与现在完成时连用的时间状语常与现在完成时连用的时间状语 (是否都用完成时是否都用完成时)already 已经已经 yet 已经已经recently/lately 最近最近 since then 从那时起从那时起ever since 自那以来自那以来 ever 曾经曾经so far 迄今为止迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间很长一段时间by now 到现在为止到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里在最近几
11、年里in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里在过去的几年里for+时间段时间段1.I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.2.Someone has lost an identity card.3.Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password?The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer.An identity card has be
12、en lost.Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed?4.Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file?5.Has anyone made a comment about the online database?Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file?Has a/any comment been made about the online database?主动语态变被动语态的原则主动语态变被动语态的原则“三变三变”例：例：They are bui
13、lding nine parks.原句原句主语主语 by的的宾语宾语宾语宾语 主语主语 谓语谓语由主动由主动 被动被动“三不变三不变”原句原句意思意思不变不变 原句原句时态时态不变不变 原句原句主谓宾以外主谓宾以外成分不变成分不变Nine parks _ by them.are being built1 A:Why cant I access my account?B:_ your personal information _ (update)?2 Both learning sites _(visit)by over 10,000 people since last year.3 This
14、keyboard _(not use)for a long time.4 Can you tell me what _(do)to bridge the digital divide?5 In the past year I _(inspire)to buy e-books instead of paper books.6 A:Where can I read those comments?B:Online.They _(post)already.7 It seems that more health problems _(cause)by mobile phones.8 That app _
15、(delete)from my smartphone already.Has been updatedhave been visitedhas not been usedhas been donehave been inspired1 Complete the sentences with the present perfect passive voice of the given verbs.P.74have been postedhave been causedhas been deleted2 Find and correct the mistake in each sentence.E
16、XAMPLEThis app was used several times since I downloaded it.has been1 How much money has spent on the earthquake recovery?2 The girl is really upset because her new bicycle has stolen.3 These old houses have been built in the 18th century.4 Its a pity that the letter has never sent to his father.5 L
17、ittle had been seen of them since they moved into the house down the street.beenbeenwere built(有表明确的过去时间的状语)beenhas(含有since引导的状语)P.74判断正误:*He has died for 3 years.（）*He died 3 years ago.（）VX判断正误:*The patient has been taken good care.（）*The patient has been taken good care of.（）TF带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时,只能将宾语
18、变为主语,原来的宾补保留不动,改成主语补足语。主动:I have asked her to help you.被动:She has been asked to help you.如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。主动主动:I have given him the key.被动被动:He has been given the key.被动被
19、动:The key has been given to him.Underline the use of the present perfect passive voice in the following poem.Then fill in the chart below.Look at the way your face has been washedLook at the way your teeth have been brushedLook at the way your shoes have been cleanedYoud better do them again.Look at
20、 the way the flowers have been plantedLook at the way the grass has been cutLook at the way the paths have been sweptI hope that youll come here again.Look at the way _Listen to the way _Look at the way _the picture has been paintedthe song has been writtenthe film has been madeNow think about what
21、you could create.Look at the way _Look at the way _Look at the way _the needy have been helpedthe river has been cleanedthe trees have been plantedNow think how to make the world a better place.SUMMMARY现在现在完成完成时的时的被动被动语态语态含义含义结构结构表示过去发生的被动动作现在已经完表示过去发生的被动动作现在已经完 成或仍将持续成或仍将持续,强调对现在的影响强调对现在的影响have/has
22、 been done形式形式肯定式肯定式否定式否定式疑问式疑问式have/has been donehave/has not been doneHave/Has+主语+been done?特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been done?用法用法表示已经完成的被动动作表示已经完成的被动动作表示表示过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在表示示某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果注意注意事项事项动词短语不可分割也不可省略其中的介词和副词动词短语不可分割也不可省略其中的介词和副词不及物动词或词组无被动不及物动词或词组无被动Exercises1.First as a PC and then as a la
23、ptop,I_(use)in offices and homes since the 1970s.2.Over time my memory _(develop)so much that I never forget anything I _(told).3.Since the 1970s many new applications _(find)for me.4.I have also _(put)into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as_(help)with medical operations.has developedh
24、ave been told have been used have been foundbeen puthelp5.They have interviewed several applicants for the job.6.They have carried out several experiments to test the performance of the new car.7.They havent given any permission to enter the lab since it was closed.Several experiments have been carried out to test the performance of the new car.Not any permission has been given to them to enter the lab since it was closed.Several applicants for the job have been interviewed.Thank you
