1、 Unit 3 The InternetDiscovering Useful structures&Language Points课前准备：课本，学案。积累本，双色笔 The Internet is becoming the town square for the global village of tomorrow.-Bill Gates 1_ n.博客vi.写博客_ v.写博客_ n.博客作者；博主2_ n.引擎；发动机；火车头_ n.工程师_ n.工程；工程学3._ vt.按，压；敦促_ n.压力；困扰力下；承受压力4_ adj.方便的；近便的_ n.方便；便利_ adv.方便地；便利地
2、5_ vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考_ d adj.借助灵感创作的，受到启示/鼓舞的_ adj.激励的，启发灵感的；吸引人的_ n.激励，鼓舞；启示，灵感6_ n.通道；(使用、査阅、接近或面见的)机会vt.进入；使用；获取_ adj.可到达的；可接近的；可进入的7_ n.电池_ n(pl.)电池8_ vt.确认；使确信_ n证实；确认_ adj.成习惯的；根深蒂固的blogbloggingbloggerengineengineerengineeringpresspressureconvenientconvenienceconvenientlyinspireinspiredinspiringins
3、pirationaccessaccessiblebatterybatteriesconfirmconfirmationconfirmed1.Read the pairs of sentences.Underline and compare the different verb forms.现在完成时被动语态的构成现在完成时被动语态的构成:Jans life has been greatly improved by the Internet.The Internet has greatly improved Jans life.Much has been written about the wo
4、nders of the World Wide Web.People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.1肯定形式：主语+has/have been过去分词 2.否定形式:主语+has/have not been过去分词 3.疑问形式:Has/have+主语+been过去分词3.Complete the sentences according to the text:Much _(write)about the wonders of the World Wide Web.Peoples lives _(chang
5、e)by online communities and social networks.Many people _(help)by the club.Jans life _(improve)greatly by the Internet.How do we form the resent perfect passive voice?Fill in the blank.have been changedhave been helpedhas been improvedhas been written Verb formActivehave/has 十 v-edPassivehave/has+be
6、en+v-ed4.Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.EXAMPLE:Theyve built a kind of new PC with more functions.A kind of new PC has been built with more functions.1.I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.The software has been downloaded to help my phone b
7、attery last longer.2.Someone has lost an identity card.An identity card has been lost.3.Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password?Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed?4.Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file?Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file?5.Has anyone made a comment about th
8、e online database?Has a/any comment been made about the online database?5.Read the poem and underline the present perfect passive voice in the following poem.Look at the way your face has been washedLook at the way your teeth have been brushedLook at the way your shoes have been cleanedYoud better d
9、o them again.Look at the way the flowers have been plantedLook at the way the grass has been cutLook at the way the paths have been sweptI hope that youll come here again.1表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果I have been told the sports meet will be put off.2.表示现在已经被完成的动作。常用的时间状语有：already,yet,just,never,ever,lately,
10、recently,twice等,Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed yet?Recently his novel has been translated into many foreign languages?3.表示一个从过去某个时间开始，持续到现在，并可能继续延续下去的被做的动作。常用的时间状语有：for+一段时间，since+时间点/从句，in/for/over/during the last/past few years /months/weeks/days,ever since,so far,up to now,in recent years等
11、连用。Much useful information about these planets has been collected since 1971.Computer science has been taught in all universities for many years.Up to now,no news has been received from her.现在完成时的基本用法1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态主语2.将主动谓语变为被动谓语(am/is/arebeing+过去分词)。3.将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中作状语,若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通
12、常可以省略)。the Internet has greatly improved Jans life.主语 谓语 宾语Jans life has been greatly improved by the Internet.主语 谓语 状语They are building nine parks.主语 谓语 宾语Nine parks are being built (by them).主语 谓语 状语【注意一】主动语态变被动语态的步骤:【注意二】主动语态变被动语态注意事项1.短语动词的被动语态：主动语态中的谓语动词是短语动词时，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。They take
13、 good care of the children at school.The children are taken good care of at school.You shouldnt laugh at disabled people.Disabled people shouldnt be laughed at.2.带双宾语的动词，变为被动语态时可以有两种情况：（1）把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来。（2）直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面加介词to 或for。用to还是for，根据动词的搭配：一般动词give,pass,show,s
14、end,bring要加介词to；动词buy,make,cook,mend要加介词for。He gave her some money.She was given some money./Some money was given to him.He bought her a watch.She was bought a watch./A watch was bought for her.【注意二】主动语态变被动语态注意事项3.带有复合宾语(存在于动词+宾语+宾补结构)的句子，变成被动语态时：（1）在感官动词(hear,see,watch,feel,notice等)和使役动词(let,make h
15、ave等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式作宾补,但是改为被动语态时,to do还原。（2）如果主动语态中doing 或to do作宾补时，变为被动时仍然用doing或to do的形式。We often see him go for a walk by the river.He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.They made the boys work 12 hours a day.The boys were made to work 12hours a day.I saw him playing football at that
16、 moment.He was seen playing football at that moment.Our teacher told us to clean the room at once.We were told to clean the room at once.【注意三】使用被动语态时注意的几个方面1.不用被动语态的情况（1）系动词look,feel,sound,smell,taste,seem,appear,go,prove,turn等与形容词连用时。Ice feels cold.Your bedroom smelt so terrible.His plan proved(to
17、be)practical.（2）表示开始、结束、运动的词begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,shut等。Work began at 7 oclock this morning.The shop closes at 6 p.m every day.（3）表示主语的某种属性的词read,write,act,cut,play,draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook,lock,look,shut等，通常和副词well,easily,smoothly,badly,nicely等连用。其否定形式通常用wont，表示拒绝。The
18、books sell wellThis knife cuts well.This coat dries easily.The recorder wont play.The door wont lock/open.（4）常见的没有被动语态的动词及短语spread，happen,occur(发生)，take place,break out,belong to,come true,come into being,come out(出版)，come up(被提出),consist of（由组成）,give out（用完，耗尽,run out（用完），turn out（证明是），turn up（出现），
19、work out（产生，结果），date from/back to(追溯到)等。【注意三】使用被动语态时注意的几个方面2.get型被动语态get+done表被动意义，相当于be+done He got paid by the month.They got married last week.His car got damaged in a road accident.一将下列主动句变为被动句1.You can see that they have not painted the house for years._2.It is said that two thieves have broken
20、 into the house._3.Have people criticized his views?_4.He has not taken away the two books._5.Where have you repaired the mobile phone?_You can see that the house has not been painted for years.It is said that the house has been broken into by two thieves.Have his views been criticized by people?The
21、 two books have not been taken away(by him).Where has the mobile phone been repaired?6.The company has brought down the price of the colour TV set again._7.My parents gave me a toy at Christmas._8.Someone saw a stranger walk into the building._9.They saw the boy smoking a cigarette._10.The boss forc
22、ed the workers to work day and night._The price of the colour TV set has been brought down again by the company.I was given a toy at Christmas by my parents.A stranger was seen to walk into the building.The boy was seen smoking a cigarette.A toy was given to me at Christmas by my parents.The workers
23、 were forced to work day and night by the boss.二用所给动词的正确时态填空1.-Look,what an old bridge!It looks so special!-Yeah,it _(build)for nearly 500 years.2.More than 14,000 books _（collect）since the library _（build）last month.3.This is a photo of the power station that _（set）up in my hometown.4.How many work
24、ers _（send）to build the railway recently?5.Much information _(send)back to the earth since the spacemen began their exploration on the moon.6.Much parking space in cities _(save)by using small cars.7.This part of the sea _(explore)many times.8.Al l the preparation for the task_(do),and were ready to
25、 start.9.I _（employ）at this job since 1990.10.A kind of new PC _（build）with more functions recently.has been builthave been collected _ was builthas been sethave been senthas been senthas been savedhas been exploredhave been donehave been employedhas been built11.I hear Jans life _（improve）by the In
26、ternet.12.The construction of the new railway lines_（finish）by the workers by now.13.No comment _（make）about the online database till now.14.A great many fine cars _（produce）by the car factory since the technological revolution.15.Much _（write）about the wonders of the World Wide Web since then.16.It
27、 is said that the book _(translate)into several languages.17.Look at the way the paths_（sweep）.Youd better do it again.18.The child _（take）care of by grandma all these years.19.First as a PC and then as a laptop,I_(use)in offices and homes since the 1970s.20.Since the 1970s many new applications _(f
28、ind)for me.has been improvedhas been finishedhas been madehave been producedhas been writtenhas been translatedhave been swepthas bee takenhave been usedhave been foundconfirm knfm(1)vt.证实，证明，确认Australian scientists has confirmed the existence of element 117.Earlier reports were unable to confirm wh
29、ether there were any survivors.It has been confirmed that water is fundamental to the development of life.confirm that/wh-从句证实It is/has been confirmed that 据/已证实;已确认(2)vt.使感觉更强烈，使确信 The latest evidence confirmed us in his theory.My parents support confirms my determination.confirm sb in sth 使某人确信某事
30、confirm ones belief/determination 坚定某人的信念/决心(3)vt.批准(职位、协议等)Mike was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.confirm sb as 任命某人担任归纳拓展(1)confirmation n.证实；确认书We are waiting for confirmation of our test results.(2)confirmed adj.(仅用于名词前)坚定的；根深蒂固的练习(1)I called the airport_(confirm)my flight rese
31、rvation a week before I left for Beijing.(2)The daily number of newly_(confirm)cured and discharged(出 院)patients exceeded that of the newly cases.(3)The family called the Italian Culture Ministry;the official confirmed_ the paintings were originals and worth as much as$50million.to confirmconfirmedt
32、hat2.press presP30 Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file?(1)vi.&vt.按，压；挤，推.将塞进，把按入The little girl pressed her face against the shop window.Jack pressed a coin into her hand and moved on.press(.)against 挤/推()在上 press sth into/onto 把某物塞进/按入(2)vt.催促，逼迫；坚持(主语一般为人)Pressed by his parents and re
33、alising he had wasted too much time,the boy determined to stop playing computer games.They are pressing us to make a quick decision.She kept pressing cake on us.They had pressed for their children to be taught French.press sb into(doing)sth=press sb to do sth 催促/逼迫某人做某事 press sb for sth 催促某人某事 press
34、 sth on sb 勉强某人接受；催促某人吃(或喝)press for 不断要求(3)n.新闻工作者；报刊；出版社The story was reported in the press and on television.a press conference 新闻发布会；记者招待会注意 press作名词意为“新闻工作者”时，常用the press或 the Press;当其在句中作主语时，句子的谓语既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。语境助记 The press have/has been invited to a press conference to hear the governments
35、 statement on the event.(1)pressing adj.紧急的，急迫的Our attention ought to be focused on the more pressing problems.(2)pressure n.压力；催促；心理压力 vt.逼迫，使迫不得已under pressure 受压力；被迫；承受着压力sb be pressured into(doing)sth 某人被迫做某事Working around the clock,doctors are under great pressure.Dont let yourself be pressured into making a hasty decision.练习(1)【上海卷改编】In recent years,stress has been regarded as a cause of a whole range of medical problems,from high blood_（press)to mental illness.(2)This is a_(press)matter and you should solve it first pressurepressing
