1、一、询问某人的健康问题及遭到麻烦的表达方法1.询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达:Whats the matter (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?Whats wrong (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?Whats the trouble with sb?某人出什么事了?What happened to sb?某人发生了什么事?Are you OK?你没事吧?Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有不舒服/麻烦吗?2.要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:某人+have/has+病症某人+have/ has+a+heada
2、che/ toothache/ stomachache/ backache/ earache.某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词某部位+hurt(s).某人+have/has+a pain+in ones+身体部位(There is) something wrong with ones+身体部位二、情态动词should的用法1.should为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldnt,其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。例:You should drink more water. 你应该
3、多喝水。2.should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。例:Should I put some medicine on it? 我应当给它敷上药吗?3.在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有:Would you like (to do) sth?你想要愿意(做)某事吗?Shall I/we do sth?我/我们做某事好吗?Why not do sth?为什么不.呢?How/What about doing sth?做某事怎么样? Lets do sth.让我们做.吧。 Youd better (not) do sth你最好(不)要做某事。三、反身代词英语
4、中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别和数上保持一致。第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself/ herself/ itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves反身代词的用法1.可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。例:Maria bought herself a scarf.We must look after ourselves very well.2.可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。例:She isnt quite herself today.3.可用作主语或
5、宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。例:he herself will fly to London tomorrow.4.用在某些固定短语当中。look after oneself / take care of oneself照顾自己 teach oneself sth./learn sth. by oneself自学enjoy oneself玩得高兴,过得愉快 help oneself to sth请自用(随便吃/喝些)hurt oneself弄伤自己 say to oneself自言自语 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 【注意】反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语
6、,起强调作用。例:我自己能完成作业。(误)Myself can finish my homework.(正)I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.四、一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态,或将来经常发生的动作或状态。一般将来时的基本结构:1.will+动词原形否定式:will not=wont一般疑问式:will/shall+主语+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?Will he help you with your English tonight?今天晚上他会帮
7、助你学习英语吗?Yes, he will./No, he wont.是的,他会。/不,他不会。When will you arrive for America?你什么时候去美国?Tomorrow.明天。2.am/is/are going to +动词原形否定式:am/is/are not going to +动词原形一般疑问式:am/is/are +主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他?特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.看那乌云,快要下雨了。Is he going to col
8、lect any data for us?他会帮我们收集数据吗?What are you going to do tomorrow?明天你打算作什么?3.will+动词原形与am/is/are going to +动词原形的用法区别will+动词原形与am/is/are going to +动词原形的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况,一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的。will主要用于在以下三个方面:(1)表示主观意愿的将来。They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.明天他们将去厂参观工厂。(2)表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来。He wil
9、l be thirty years old this time next year.明年这个时候他就(将)三十岁。(3)表示临时决定,通常用于对话中。Mary has been ill for a week.玛丽病了一周了。Oh, I didnt know. I will go and see her.噢,我不知道。我去看看她。be going to主要用于以下两个方面:(1)表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。(2)表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常
10、有可能发生,表示推测。Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。五、动词不定式(to do)的用法1、作主语为避免句子的头重脚轻,常用it作为形式主语,而真正的主语动词不定式后置。常用句型:It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.2、作宾语动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare常接动词不定式
11、作宾语。3、作(后置)定语常用于“have/hassth.to do”或“Its time to do sth.”等结构中。4、作宾语补足语tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to:“一感(feel),二听(listen to, hear),三让(let, make, have,四看(look at, see, watch, notice),半帮助(help)”
12、。5、动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,结果或原因。为了强调目的,有时可以把动词不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加in order (to) 或so as (to)“为了,目的是”。六、Could you please.?句型1.请求别人时通常用此句型,也可以说Can you.please?情态动词could或can在这里均表示请求,在意思上无区别,但是用could在于其显得更委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用could you/I.?若在句末加上please,则显得更礼貌。Could you help me find my book, please?你能帮我找到我的书吗?2.对could you/I.?的问句作出肯定回答,常用“sure/certainly/of course”等;如果作否定回答,常用“sorry或oh, please dont”。一般不用no开头,用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌。3.表示请求的其他句式 Would you like to do.? Would you mind doing.? Lets do. Please do.(祈使句前加please)