1、2022年山东省淄博市沂源县中考一模英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、完形填空阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。All over the world, our seas, lakes, and rivers are full of trash. Some waterways in Europe suffer (遭受) the same littering problem. To bring attention to the problem of water pollution, Greenkayak, an environmental gr
2、oup, is letting _1_ kayak (划皮艇) for free on a number of Europes rivers and lakesas long as they _2_ any garbage they find along the way, which is a lot less disgusting (令人厌恶的) than it sounds. Greenkayakers are provided with the basics: a life-vest (救生衣), a paddle (船桨), a trash picker, a bucket (桶) f
3、or the garbage, and two hours of _3_ kayak-time. You dont need to be an experienced kayaker, _4_ you wont need to make direct physical contact with the water. Since the program began in April 2017, Greenkayakers have collected nearly 24,000 pounds of trash_5_ plastic bags, bottles, lighters and shoe
4、sfrom European waterways. “In Denmark, people hang out along the rivers and eat pizza, and _6_ see trash floating (漂浮) by,” Tobias Weber-Andersen, one of Greenkayaks co-founders, told USA Today. “You cant take your shirt off and jump in, but you can get in a Greenkayak and make a _7_.These days, the
5、 program _8_ kayaks in cities throughout Germany, Ireland, Norway, and Denmark. If you want to tour a city from _9_ river, and do your part to solve the problem of water pollution, you can sign up for a time on Greenkayaks website. And if youre not interested in the idea, remember: Trash is everywhe
6、re and paying for a kayak somewhere “cleaner” is _10_. Why not kayak in the water for free to pick up trash?1AscientistsBcustomersCswimmersDtravelers2Athrow awayBpick upClook forDcome across3AfreeBbusyClongDshort4AandBasCsoDor5AoppositeBagainstCincludingDwithout6AsuddenlyBunluckilyChappilyDproperly7
7、AdecisionBspeechCbehaviorDdifference8AperformsBprotectCprovidesDprevents9AyourBitsChisDour10AmeaninglessBeducationalCwonderfulDimpossible二、阅读单选Playing video games can be a fun way to relax. It is a way to spend time with friends. But for some players, gaming is an unhealthy habit. At night, they are
8、 glued (粘贴) to a screen. Their schoolwork becomes worse. The video-game world seems like a friendly place. It seems friendlier than the real world. Mental health experts have taken notice. In June, the World Health Organization (WHO) added gaming disorder (游戏障碍) to its list of diseases and health co
9、nditions. A person may have the disorder if gaming has done harm to his or her relationships with family and friends. Gaming may also disrupt his or her everyday activities. Not all experts agree with WHO. They dont think too much gaming should be called a disorder. They say people hooked on (对入了迷)
10、video games may have other mental health problems. These should be treated first. Others think WHO made the right call. Clifford Sussman, who has worked with kids as young as 12, says they often have feelings of anxiety (焦虑). They feel lonely. They get angry when a parent stops them from playing gam
11、es. Playing video games excites the brains reward (奖励) center. After a while, the brain becomes numb (麻木的) to pleasure. You feel bored without a controller in your hand. So you play even more. Sussman advises you should take at least a one-hour break after every hour of play. The brain needs time to
12、 return to a normal condition. Young gamers who think they might have a problem should ask an adult for help. Sussman suggests you first answer a simple question: “Are you in control, or is the game in control?”11The underlined word “disrupt” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _.Abe valuable to
13、Bhave a bad influence onChave nothing to do withDchange in some way12Which of the following is NOT Clifford Sussmans opinion?AToo much gaming shouldnt be called a disorder.BParents are helpful to young gamers.CA break is necessary during the long video games.DKids hooked on video games get angry eas
14、ily.13The fifth paragraph is mainly about _.Awhat excites the brains reward centerBhow the brain becomes numb to video gamesCwhat makes you hook on video gamesDhow you feel without playing video gamesLaura Molles has spent most of her time studying a little-known area of science: bird dialects (方言).
15、 While some birds are born singers, many need to be taught how to sing by adults just like humans. Those birds, known as “true song birds”, can develop dialects, meaning their songs sound a little different depending on where they live. Just as speaking the local language can make it easier for huma
16、ns to fit in, speaking the local bird dialect can increase a birds chances of finding a partner. And just as human dialects can sometimes disappear as the countries around the world become closer, bird dialects can be shaped or lost as cities grow. The similarities (相似点) between human language and b
17、ird dialects are noticed by Molles and other bird dialect experts. Donald Kroodsma, one of the experts, said, “There are great similarities, such as culture and oral (口头的) traditions.”For centuries, birds singing has been an inspiration to poets and musicians. However, scientists started paying atte
18、ntion to bird dialects in the 1950s. In the 1960s and 1970s, they separated baby birds from the adults to see if they would be able to sing their songs. Scientists found some birds couldnt sing while for others, singing was innate. In other words, they could sing when they were born.Scientists also
19、discovered that when birds were copying adults, they sometimes made mistakes. Those mistakes in turn were copied by other birds, and a local dialect developed. It meant that dialects could only exist (存在) in “true song birds” because they had a “learned oral tradition”.14The sounds of the birds sing
20、ing are mainly influenced by _.Abird dialect expertsBthe changing seasonsCcenturies-old traditionsDtheir living environment15What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?AThe development of the study on bird dialects.BThe influence of human language on bird dialects.CReasons for the disappearance of some
21、 bird dialects.DSimilarities between human language and bird dialects.16The underlined part “singing was innate” means singing was _.Aan advantageBa natural abilityCa necessary skillDa valuable experience17From the passage, we can infer that _.A“true song birds” have their own dialectsBbird dialects
22、 will not disappear as cities growCthe latest study on bird dialects started in the 1950sDDonald Kroodsma is a musician who got inspiration from birdsWhat makes a child popular in school? The clothes he wears? His taste in music? Or something else? According to new research, it may just depend on hi
23、s age. A study found that the oldest kids in the class might also be the most popular. The study analyzed (分析) data from over 13, 000 students aged between 14 and 15 in the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK. The students were asked to name 5 children who they thought were the most popular in their clas
24、s. The researchers then analyzed how popular a child was and compared that child with other children born in the same school year. In the UK, children born in September, the oldest in the class, were the most popular, followed by those born in October, and then November. Children born in the followi
25、ng August, the youngest in the class, were the least popular. The results were similar in the Netherlands and Sweden, where older kids were usually more popular. The researchers wrote that there might be clear differences in size, power and cognitive (认知) development in children who were 11 months o
26、lder than others in the same class. They expected that these older children would be more likely to be seen as more powerful and more confident, which might make them more popular. The researchers also analyzed the effect of letting a child repeat a year on the popularity of him/ her in the Netherla
27、nds. They found that students who had repeated a year at secondary school were more popular than those who hadnt. _ A 2017 study found that the oldest children born in September in Florida did better in school than the youngest ones born in the following August.18How does the writer introduce the to
28、pic of this passage?ABy listing the fact.BBy asking questions.CBy telling a story.DBy giving examples.19What can we know about the study from Paragraph 2?AEvery student should choose 5 most popular students in the class.BIt was made in the UK.CMore than 1, 300 students were included in it.DThe resea
29、rchers compared children in different grades.20Why are older students more popular?AThey are smarter.BThey are more helpful.CThey are more liked by teachers.DThey look more powerful and confident.21Which of the following can be put in _?AChildren in the same school year are different.BWhy would some
30、 students like to repeat a year?CThe children-born in September are the cleverest.DThe oldest children in the class may also do better in school.22Whats the purpose of the passage?ATo praise older students.BTo teach students how to be popular at school.CTo show the relationship between students popu
31、larity and their age.DTo advise students to repeat a year at secondary school.三、阅读还原5选4阅读短文D，根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。Do you often buy new clothes in the store? There you are in your favorite clothing store. _23_ You cant help paying for them. Even though you dont need anything, you
32、 still leave the store with bags of new clothes. This doesnt seem so bad. However, there are a lot of hidden costs behind the cheap price tags (标签). _24_ It not only uses a lot of resources, but also pollutes the environment badly with chemicals and waste. “Fashion is one of the least sustainable (持
33、续的) industries on the planet,” said Michael Stanley-Jones, who works for the United Nations Environment Program. “Weve all become our own waste managers. We collect fashion waste in our closets (衣柜).”_25_ It also ends up in landfills (垃圾场). In fact, three out of every five items of clothing end up e
34、ither being burned or being sent to landfills. Thankfully, buying second-hand clothing is becoming more and more popular these years. _26_ According to online reseller (经销商) ThredUp, the value of the second-hand market may reach $80 billion by 2029, an increase of 185 percent compared to the value a
35、t present. In fact, there is still an even better choice out there. The only true sustainable way is to not shop at all. Making full use of what you already have is just the best choice.AEverything is so cheap and fashionable.BIt doesnt just take up space in our closets, though.CEveryone could do so
36、mething to protect our planet.DTo put it simply, the fashion industry is terrible for our planet.EIts cheaper and you can also find beautiful clothing by doing so.四、阅读匹配阅读E部分的材料，将各小题中五位学生的不良习惯与相关危害AE进行匹配。_27_ Tom always plays with his mobile phone for over five hours every day. Whats worse. He cant
37、help playing with it after turning off the lights and lying on the bed. _28_ Its hard for Tina to get up early in the the morning. So she always goes to school in a hurry without having breakfast. _29_ Peter likes having lots of snacks before bedtime. After that, he goes to sleep without brushing hi
38、s teeth. _30_ Luke usually stays up late to study. He thinks what he has learnt in the daytime isnt enough. _31_ Brian seldom drinks water. When he feels thirsty, he drinks cola or coffee instead.ADrinking too much cola or coffee can cause many harmful effects to your body. Without doubt, you will p
39、ut on weight because you have taken in a lot of calories. And these drinks can decay (腐蚀) your teeth. Besides, high levels of caffeine may lead to dehydration (脱水).BWhen you lower your head to play with an electronic product, the pressure on your neck is greater than usual. If you keep this posture
40、(姿势) for a longtime, your neck and head will ache. And staring at the electronic screen for long is quite harmful to your eyes, especially in the dark.CStudying till midnight doesnt help with long-term memory and has a bad influence on your brains performance. Lack (缺乏) of sleep can make you inactiv
41、e in class during the daytime. Slowly, you lose your learning ability and feel more stressed.DYouve probably heard that its a good idea to avoid eating at least three hours before going to bed. Thats because it takes the stomach at least this long to empty itself. If you eat too much before bedtime,
42、 you may experience stomach pain. And remember to clean your teeth before bedtime, or youll have tooth decay.EYou should start a day with a good meal, including milk, eggs and fruit. Otherwise (否则), you will feel hungry and have little energy to study or work well. Whats worse, as time passes, you m
43、ay get some illnesses. And your weight will go up.五、短文选词填空根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。请务必将各小题的答案写在答题卡的相应位置！drybutlikefeetcoolmakequicklywaterhealthycarefullynumbershoesSome parts of your body, like your feet, get a lot smellier (难闻的；有臭味的) than others. But its not actually your body that
44、has a smell. Its the bacteria (细菌) that live on it. Bacteria are tiny living things with only one cell (细胞), _32_ together they are powerful (强大的). They live all over you, and also inside of you. Some bacteria can make you sick. Other bacteria help you stay _33_. And some bacteria cause you to be sm
45、elly, especially the ones that live on your feet.But. why?_34_ can get hot and sweaty (出汗的), especially when they spend a lot of time inside of shoes. Sweat is a good thing, because it helps _35_ your body down when its too hot. Sweat doesnt have an odor (气味). It is made mostly of _36_. The problem
46、is that bacteria living on your feet love wet, warm places. So when your feet sweat, bacteria eat the dead skin and oils that cover your feet and _37_ make more bacteria. Thats when things start to get really smelly!But. why?The bacteria on your feet give off gases (气体) as they eat. Those gases smel
47、l _38_ rotten (腐烂的) cheese, vinegar and other sour things-eeww! To get rid of (摆脱) those bad odors, you have to cut down on the _39_ of bacteria on your feet. Wearing clean socks can help. Its also good to air (晾干) your _40_ out after you wear them. Most importantly, wash your feet with soap and water every day and _41_ them well.六、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。请务必将各小题的答案写在答题卡的相应位置！Have you ever watche
