1、 小升初语法复习小升初语法复习-突破英语发音突破英语发音1.什么是国际音标？什么是国际音标？由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大的的分歧分歧,所以无法完全根据字母来读音。所以无法完全根据字母来读音。为了精确地学习和掌握语音为了精确地学习和掌握语音,就要借就要借助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷,于是便于是便产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号，产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号，叫做叫做“音符音符”(Phonetic symbols)。国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际语音学协会（语音学协会（IPA -Internation
2、al Phonetic Association)于于1888年拟定的一年拟定的一套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们这里所套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们这里所说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有48个个,其中其中,元音音标元音音标20个，辅音音标个，辅音音标28个。个。英语元音英语元音 (English vowels)英语元音音素共英语元音音素共2020个。分单元音个。分单元音和双元音两大类。和双元音两大类。a.前元音：前元音：/i:/,/i/,/e/,/b.后元音：后元音：/:/,/
3、,/:/,/u/,/u:/,/c.中元音：中元音：/:/,/a.合口双元音：合口双元音：/ei/,/u/,/ai/,/au/,/i/b.集中双元音：集中双元音：/i /,/,/u/单元音的分类单元音的分类双元音的分类双元音的分类a.爆破音爆破音/p/,/b/,/t,/d/,/k/,/b.摩擦音摩擦音/f/，/v/，/，/，/s/，/z/,/，/，/h/,/r/c.破擦音破擦音 /t/，/d/，/tr/，/dr/，/ts/，/dz/d.鼻音鼻音 /m/,/n/,/e.旁流音（舌侧音）旁流音（舌侧音）/l/f.半元音半元音/w/,/j/英语辅音英语辅音(English consonants)(共共
4、28个）个）前元音前元音/i:/feel heat 热 leap 跳/bad land Dad map hat/i/fill hit lip 嘴唇/e/bed lend dead met head前元音练习Catch that mad black catBetter late than never.(迟做总比不做好)Better to do well than to say well.(口说不如实干)后元音后元音/:/all fall hall/u:/goose 鹅 food loose 松的/:/calm/boss fox hot /u/good foot look/come A large
5、 army marched past the farmyard Its hard to see any stars in the dark sky The clock is stopped,its not long Lost time is never found again Who said the soup was too cool?As a rule,the skies are blue in June He looks like a good cook I took my book and looked at it as long as I could中元音中元音/:/earth se
6、arch bird church another order method doctorMy younger brother is a doctorGive me some butter and sugarWe will have a get-together after supper 双元音双元音/ei/e/age late pain fail edge let pen fill 双元音双元音/ai/i/bike mine height boy coin noise voice双元音双元音/u/au/coal pose loan 贷款 bowl 碗 doubt found noun 爆破辅音
7、爆破辅音/p/pea/t/tear/k/class/b/bee/d/dear/g/glassGood,better,best，循序渐进Never let it rest，永不停止Until good is better,好上加好And better best，精益求精 摩擦辅音摩擦辅音 /f/v/fast few leaf proof safe surf vast 巨大的 view leave prove save serveHe works hard as if he never knew fatigue.It is very difficult for us to finish it be
8、fore five.摩擦辅音摩擦辅音/s/z/bus ice loose race used buzz 蜂音 eyes lose raise used 摩擦辅音摩擦辅音/thank theme thick bath breath cloth than these this bathe breathe clothe/s/thin thing faith mouth/breathe clothe seethe 沸腾 sin sing face mouse/z/breeze 微风 close seize/t/thank thought/there they those/three tank taug
9、ht/d/dare day doze 打瞌睡 /f/free A thousand thanks.Cathy has three brothers.Mr.Smith talked about this,that and the other.There is something.They have been there for more than three months.摩擦辅音摩擦辅音/cash fish ship shoe leisure 闲暇 measure 测量 pleasure vision 视觉Measure for measure.以牙还牙She sells sea shells
10、 on the seashore.她在海边捡贝壳。摩擦辅音摩擦辅音 /h/hard he house who hi hello/r/red road write wrong破擦辅音破擦辅音/ts/dz/carts rates Seats/t/cheep choke 闷塞 larch 落叶松 rich cards raids Seeds/d/jeep joke large ridge 脊破擦辅音破擦辅音/tr/dr/track tree truck try drag dream drug dryNever trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.麻烦不找你，就别自找麻烦。鼻辅音鼻辅音 /m/n/dim 朦胧的 din 喧闹 ding 唠叨 seem seen seeing sum sun sung whim 怪想 win wing舌边辅音舌边辅音/l/l/n/r/lead need read light night right半元音半元音/w/j/warm youngwell yardwhile yieldwhere there is a will,there is a way.有志者，事竟成。you still look young,year after year.一年一年过去了，你看起来还那么年轻。
