1、代词代词(Pronouns)(pron.)人称代词人称代词(主格；宾格主格；宾格)物主代词物主代词(形容词性；名词性形容词性；名词性)反身代词反身代词 myself;themselves指示代词指示代词 this;that;these;those疑问代词疑问代词 who looks after the baby?关系代词关系代词 He is the man who often helps others.不定代词不定代词 some;any;other;another;something;everyboby人称代词人称代词(主格主格/宾格宾格)主格主格+动词动词+宾格宾格 He asks me.W
2、e help them.主格主格宾格宾格单单数数1Ime2youyou3he/she/ithem/her/it复复数数1weus2youyou3theytheme.g.I will try my best to do the work.You,he and I all enjoy music.排列次序：排列次序：you and I;you and he;you,he and I;we and they;we,you and theye.g.We often go to see her on Sundays.(宾语宾语)She gave me some water.(间接宾语间接宾语)I don
3、t want to go with them.(介宾介宾)-Who is it?-Its me.(表语表语)He is taller than me.He is taller than I(am).物主代词物主代词(形容词性形容词性/名词性名词性)They are their shoes.The shoes are theirs.形容词性形容词性名词性名词性单单数数1mymine2youryours3his/her/itshis/hers/its复复数数1ourours2youryours3theirtheirse.g.He put on his hat and left.I saw it w
4、ith my own eyes.形容词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词与own连用时表示连用时表示强调强调His father is a doctor.Mine is a driver.Take your textbook with you.Ill take mine.反身代词反身代词:myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselvesenjoy oneselfhelp oneself tolook after oneselfteach oneselfspeak to oneselfall by onesel
5、fe.g.I can look after myself.We can do it all by ourselves.Help yourselves to some cakes.He taught himself to learn French.指示代词指示代词:this,that,these,thoseThis is my mother.Those are his books.注注:that,those可以用来代替前面已提到可以用来代替前面已提到过的名词以避免重复过的名词以避免重复The population in India is larger than that in Japan.疑问代
6、词疑问代词:what,who,whose,whichWhat is the population?Who did you see in the party?With whom did you go?Which is the way to the hospital?Whose shirt is this?Whose is this shirt?关系代词关系代词:who,that,whichThe plane which is flying is made in China.She is the girl who swims quite fast.不定代词不定代词1.some,any+可数不可数可
7、数不可数 一般情况，一般情况，some用在肯定句；用在肯定句；any用在用在否定句和疑问句。当否定句和疑问句。当some用在疑问句，用在疑问句，表示邀请、请求、建议等；表示邀请、请求、建议等；any用在肯用在肯定句表示任何一个定句表示任何一个 Some people like pop music.（肯）（肯）He went to some place in Europe.“某个某个”May I have some water?(请求请求)Why dont you take some apples?(建议建议)Do you have any questions?(疑疑)There isnt an
8、y tea left.I ll go and make some for you.(否否)You can ask me any question at any time.(任何一个任何一个)2.both,bothand,all,Both of them didnt go there.Both Mary and Tom are good at English.All the apples are picked by us.3.neither,neithernor either,eitheror Either the twins or Jim likes going with us.Neither
9、 he nor I am interested in reading.Either of them sings very well.Neither of them has come yet.I agree with neither of you.4.few,a few,little,a little There are only a few potatoes in the fridge.There are few potatoes in the fridge.We must go to buy some.Dont worry,we still have a little time left.T
10、here is only a little water in the bottle.Hurry up,there is little time left.5.many,much I have many friends,but he just has much money.6.every,each Each 强调强调“各个各个”,具有具有名词、形容词名词、形容词的性质的性质,every强调全体强调全体,只具有只具有形容词形容词的作用的作用 There are flowers on _ side of the street.each_ in your class has a red star in
11、 the game._ classroom is clean and tidy.(All the classrooms are)EachEvery7.other,another,others,the others,another:“(三者或三者以上）另三者或三者以上）另一个一个”,用来代替和修饰单数名词用来代替和修饰单数名词This shirt is too long.Please show me another.other:“两者之间另一个两者之间另一个”onethe otherothers=other(people)泛指泛指the others=the other(people)特指特指T
12、here are two bottles.One is full,the other is empty.He held a pen in one hand and a notebook in the other.You must help others.(other people)You must help the others in your class.(the other students)8.No“不是不是”“没有没有”There are no apples in the fridge today.(=not any)He has no brother.(=not a)No smoki
13、ng!No parking!9.none;no one None of my classmates failed in the exam.No one in our class failed in the exam.10.合成不定代词合成不定代词 some,any,no和和one,-body,-thing可组成以下合成不定代词可组成以下合成不定代词:somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,something,anything,nothing,everythingsomeone,anyone,no onee.g.Someone is knocking at the door.Do you need anything else?11.itIt is raining heavily.It is already five oclock.It is a long way from here.It took us four years to write this book.
