1、八年级下册八单元 词形转换1. sand 沙子 sandy adj. 含沙的2. classic n. 经典作品 classical adj. 经典的3. French n. 法语 France n. 法国4. southern adj. 南方的 south n. 南方Northern adj. 北方的 north n. 北方 Eastern adj. 东方的 east n. 东方 Western adj. 西方的 west n. 西方5. success n. 成功 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 succeed v. 成功6. laugh
2、 v. 大笑 laughter n. 笑声7. beauty n. 美、美丽 beautiful adj. 美丽的 beautifully adv.美丽地8. million num.一百万 millionaire n.百万富翁9. record n. 唱片、记录 v. 录制recorder n.录像机10. introduce v. 介绍 introduction n. 介绍，引见语法：现在完成时一 概念：动作/状态发生在过去，持续到现在。过去的动作对现在的影响和结果。在句中翻译为“已经/一直/.了/.过/不译”否定句中可以不翻译二构成：have/has+过去分词过去分词变化形式规则变化1.
3、 +ed 如：work- worked，playplayed；2. 去e+ed 如：skate- skated livelived； hopehoped decidedecided3. 双写+ed 如：stop- stopped studystudied trytried copycopied carrycarried4. 变y为i，+ed 如：carry- carried stopstopped begbegged dropdropped planplanned不规则变化:过去分词不规则变化表AAA cutcutcuthithithitcostcostcosthurthurthurtputp
4、utputreadreadreadABB meetmetmetkeepkeptkeptmakemademadebringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtfightfoughtfoughtthinkthoughtthoughtteachtaughttaughttelltoldtoldlendlentlentspendspentspentfindfoundfoundhearheardheardbuildbuiltbuiltABC beginbeganbegunsingsangsungdrinkdrankdrunkswimswamswumspeakspokespokench
5、oosechosechosenknowknewknownforgetforgotforgottenbreakbrokebrokendrivedrovedrivengivegavegiveneatateeatenwritewrotewrittenrideroderidden三,在完成时的基本句型陈述句肯定形式主语+have/has+过去分词+其它; eg I have had lunch.陈述句否定形式 :主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其它(在助动词have/has后+not,可缩写为haven t/hasnt : I havent had lunch一般疑问句形式及其答语。Have
6、/Has+主语+过去分词+其它Have you seen this film? -Yes,I have.No,I havent.Has he gone to Beijing? -Yes. he has. No, he hasn t.特殊疑问句形式特词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其它?e.g Where has he gone?他去了哪里四. 现在完成时的时间状语 just, ever, never, already, yet, before already已经,肯定句中或句尾例:I have already found my pen.= I have found my pen alre
7、ady.yet否定句中翻译为“还”和疑问句句尾翻译为“已经”例:I have not finished the work yetHave you bought a computer yet?ever曾经,句中 Have you ever seen pandas? never从不， 句中: I have never been to Beijingjust刚刚，句中: I have just done my work before以前, 句尾 I have never been there before类似的其他时间状语：so far到目前为止/up to now=till now直到现在/lat
8、ely=recently最近/once/twice/*since,for, how long since+一段时间ago/一个时间点/从句(过去时)Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984（since+时间点）My uncle has gone to Europe since last week（since+时间点）I have known Daniel since 7 years ago（since+段时间+ago）Hes learned about 500 words since he went to college（since+句子（含一般过去时）for+
9、 一段时间 for( two weeks/six months/five days) 短语，表示动作延续多长时间。He has taught in this school for four yearsI havent seen her for a long timesince句型: It is (has been) +时间段+ since +时间状语或从句It is four days since last Friday.从上周五到现在已经四天了。It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing.吉姆来北京已经两年了。for two years =
10、since two years agofor+一段时间= since+一段时间+ ago对for和since的短语提问用How longHe has taught in this school for four yearsHe has taught in this school since four years agoHow dong has he taught in this school?3.现在完成时态还常常用于下列句例: They have planted many trees in the last few years在过去的几年,他们已经种了很多树例: This is the be
11、st book I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。例: It is the first time I have played the computer games.这是我第一次玩电脑游戏 例: So far he has learnt 200 words例： I have read the book three times.例： How many times has he been to Beijing?注意:1 already与yet的转换I have already read the bookI havent read the book yet2 When不用
12、于现在完成时When did you finish it3 ago用于过去时, sinceago用于现在完成时I did my homework an hour agoI have done my homework since an hour agohave been to sp.去过某地（已回）可+次数/ever/neverhave gone to sp.去了某地（未回）have been in sp.在某地当sp.为here/there/home时，省略to即have been here如：The foreigner has been here for a long time.听力2b1.
13、 island岛 an island on the island在岛上 treasure island金银岛an island full of treasures 一座充满珠宝的岛屿A song full of feelings about returning home一首充满关于归家情感的歌曲2. full 1)full name全名 2) Im full我饱了3)be full of =be filled with 充满.e.g.The bus is full of people = The bus is filled with peoplee.g.This is the bus full
14、 of people = This is the bus filled with people3. classic 1) a classic一部经典 2) classical music古典音乐4. live in the United Kingdom居住在英国 2d5. Have you decided yet which book to write about for English class?你已经决定好为英语课写哪一本书了吗？6. finish doing sth.完成做某事7. Its about four sisters growing up.（现在分词做定语，与sisters构
15、成主谓关系）8. put down放下记下 =take down =write down put off延期 put out扑灭，伸出（put out the fire/put out your hands） put away收好（put away your clothes）9. choose-chose-chosen选择choose to do sth.选择做某事10. page 页 on page 4 在第四页=on the fourth page turn to page 4 翻到第四页11. But I havent finished reading it yet.但是我还没有读完它1
16、2. at least至少 at most至多 less than 少于/不如 more than超过=over13. hurry hurry up赶快 =come on=be quick. do sth in a hurry=do sth hurriedly迅速做某事hurry to do sth.匆忙做某事hurry to sp.匆忙去某地hurry off/away匆匆离去14. The book report读书报告会15. due adj.预期 1)be due 到期 2)be due to do预计做某事： We are due to start school in June3）d
17、ue to 由于=because of.The sports meeting was put off due to the heavy rain.8单元3课时 3a1.go to sp by ship =go to sp on a ship 乘船去某地2.thief wife leaf knife shelf wolf half life 复数变f/fe 为ves4.lose 1)lose lost lost 2)lose ones way 迷路= go the wrong way =get/be lost 3)lose ones life失去某人生命 4)lose oneself in沉浸于
18、.5.give 1)give gave given 2)give away 捐赠 （give sth away to sb.）3)give out = hand out 分发 4)give up 放弃 5)give in 屈服6)give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 7)give it to sb 把它给某人（不能说give sb. it）6.1) wait for 等待2)wait for sb to do 等待某人做某事3)wait +地点 :You should wait at the bus stop . 4)cant wait to do 迫不及待做某
19、事 5)waiter男招待 waitress 女招待7.cut 1)cut cut cut 2)cut down 砍倒，削减 （cut down the trees）3)cut in 插嘴，切成 4)cut out 删掉（cut out useless sentences）5)cut off切断8.动词表示do sth to do ，do sth and do ，do sth , doing9.arrive on this island到达这座岛屿10.make（made） a small boat.制造一条小船11.bring（brought）back many things I can u
20、se.带回我可以使用的许多东西12.tool 工具 gun 枪13.build（built） a house建造一所房子14.go out with my gun.带着我的枪出门15.kill animals and birds for food.捕杀动物和鸟类作为食物16.learn to do sth.学习做某事17.grow fruit and vegetables.种水果和蔬菜18.a few weeks ago几周前19.the marks of another mans feet 另一个人的足迹20.Who else is on my island? else 其他的 放不定代词和
21、特殊疑问词后other 其他的，放名词前21. not long after that 在那不久之后22. try to kill two men from a broken ship.尽力去杀死来自破船的两个人23. One.the other一个.另外一个 Some.the others一些.另外一些注意：the other /the others 有范围，表两部分或两个中的另外一个/另外一部分the other+n.=the others译为“另外一个人或东西/剩下的人/东西”other+n=others（有时n.会省略）译为“其他人/其他东西”help others帮助其他人Anoth
22、er two days=two more days24. run（ran）towards my house.朝我的房子跑去25. live with me和我居住在一起26. name him Friday给他命名叫星期五27. have already taught him some English.已经教了他一些英语（teach sb. sth教某人什么）28. a piece of land 一块土地 in the middle of在.中间 land v.着陆The plane lands safely . 陆地29. leave （left）.behind把.留下/忘记带 I lef
23、t my homework behind left-behind children 留守儿童Grammar Focus1. science fiction科幻小说2. imagine doing sth.想象做某事 imagination n.想象力3. be interested in doing sth.对.感兴趣4. science and technology科技5. write a book report next week for her French class.下周为她的法语课写一个读书报告6. every time+句子，句子。每一次，连词短语Section B 1b1. m
24、ust表示肯定推测。如：They must be there by now.他们现在准到那儿了。cant表示否定推测，意为“不可能”It cant be Mr .Wang ,for he has gone to Shanghai.2. pop music流行音乐 play pop music演奏流行音乐 pop band流行乐队country music 乡村音乐 classical music古典音乐sounds more like rock听上去更像摇滚3. a way to do =a way of doing做某事的方法Listening to the Toms is a good w
25、ay to wake up.（动词ing 作主语，谓语动词用单数）Section B 2b1. fight,fought,foughtfight over=fight about因为.而争论 fight over.with sb.因为.和某人争论She used to fight over almost everything with his family她过去常常几乎每件事都要和家人吵架2. go abroad出国 study abroad留学3. a song full of feelings about returning home充满归乡情感的一首歌 4. on the radio通过
26、收音机5. Think about her family and friends back in the US.回想起在美国的家人和朋友（think about sb. back 回想起某人）6. come to realize逐渐意识到7. how much he actually missed all of them（她实际上有多想念他们所有人）actually 实际上 =in fact how much多么8. ever since 自从=since 后跟表示过去的点时间They have lived in Hangzhou (ever )since they married.ever
27、since then自那以后9. has been a fan of 已经成为.的粉丝10. a traditional kind of music from the southern states of America. 来自于南部各州的传统种类音乐tradition 传统（名词），traditional传统的（形容词）southern sn adj.南方的 名词south+ern 构成11. the home of. .的发源地/.的家乡12. modern life当代生活13. The importance of money and success.金钱和成功的重要性14. succe
28、ss skses n. 成功,放adj后 His new book was a great success.successful形容词，成功的 successfully副词，成功地 do sth successfully.succeed动词，成功，短语：succeed in doingWe succeeded in repairing the engine我们成功修理好发动机.15. 2.belong 属于；归属16. belong to sb属于某人 The book belongs to me（用宾格).=The book is mine.belong to +名词/宾格=be+名物代/名
29、词所有格The records belong to Garth=The records is Garths17. Bring us back to the good old days 带我们回到美好的旧时光（bring sb. back to带某人回到.使.回想起）18. one another 互相=each other19. 1)remind sb of sth 使某人想起. 2) remind sb (not) to do 提醒某人（不要）做某事3)remind sb tnat从句 提醒某人什么20. laughter lft n. 笑；笑声 laugh动词，笑 laugh at.嘲笑，
30、laugh to sb冲某人笑21. beauty bjuti n. 美；美丽 the beauty of nature 自然之美 beautiful 形容词 ， beautifully副词22. million miljn 一百万 three million dollars 三百万美元， millions of teenagers 数百万青少年23. hundred,thousand,million，billion用法模糊数字两有（有s,有of),具体数字两无（无s,无of). hundreds of 好几百的/成百上千的 thousands of 数千的/成千上万的 millions of
31、数百万的24. record n.唱片；记录 v.记录；录制；录（音） recorder n.录音机;录像机;记录员;25. do some research on/into对.做调查26. live作副词，laiv 现场直播 live作动词， liv 居住/存活/过.样的生活 live a happy life过幸福的生活27. introduce intrdjus v. 介绍；引见introduce sth/sb to sb把某物或某人介绍给某人introduce oneself自我介绍 introduction 名词，介绍28. the number of+n.的数量，做主语，谓语用单数A number of+n.许多，做主语，谓语用复数29. At the end of+时间/地点 At the end of this term,I have learned three hundred or so words.At the end of the street在街尾in the end=finally=at last.
