1、2019年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）本试卷分为第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试时间100分钟，第卷1页至10页，第卷11页至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利！第卷注意事项：1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55小题，共95分第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1
2、分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there _ youll be able to see it better.A. orB. andC. butD. while答案是B。1.- I guess you want to go play tennis.- . Thats exactly what I was thinking too.A. I didnt get itB. Its up to youC. You never knowD. You read my mind2.I to send Peter a gift to con
3、gratulate him on his marriage, but I couldnt manage it.A. had hopedB. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope3.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them4. to think critically is an important skill todays children w
4、ill need for the future.A. Learn B. Learned C. Learning D. Having learned5. all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.A. According to B. Instead of C. In addition to D. In spite of6.-My son got a full scholarship to his dream university!-Wow, ! Whats he going to study?
5、A. good for himB. go for itC. what a coincidenceD. all the best 7. We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n)_ on our lives in many ways.A. statement B. impactC. impressionD. judgment8. Amy, as well as her brothers, a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.A.is g
6、ivenB. are given C. was given D. were given9.Kate heard a mans voice in the background, but she couldnt _ what he was saying.A. set asideB. take back C. make outD. keep off10.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially _ to help them succeed academically and personally.A. designed
7、 B. designingC.to design D. being designed11.Their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. why B. where C. whichD. what12.The professor warned the students that on no account use mobile phones in his class.A. should they B. they should C. dare theyD. they dare13.
8、Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion_ he wants their support.A. sinceB. once C. unlessD. after14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they the task in half the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished15. A dogs eating ha
9、bit requires regular training before it is _ established.A. properly B. widely C. originally D. temporarily第二节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have
10、left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some 16 station.The 17 moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the 18 of that little wallet? The credit cards, the drivers license, the cash, all lost to the bus.Two hours later, back at
11、 my house, I heard a knock on the door. My husband 19 it while I was on the phone in the dining room. Does Jennifer live here? I heard a lady say. In my husbands hand was my wallet, with not a penny 20 . She left before I could 21 make it to the door to offer my thanks.After sharing the story online
12、, I heard from someone, who 22 the lady as Erin Smith. Without 23 , I called to thank her. She said she 24 my wallet on a bus seat. She 25 that going to a strangers house was a 26 move, but she decided to take the chance. If I were in that 27 , I would want someone to try to find me, she said.This o
13、ne stranger responded beautifully to my small 28 , but she actually wasnt the only one. Right after Erin 29 my wallet on the bus, she posted a picture of my drivers license to an online forum, trying to see 30 anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose
14、 kids go to my sons nursery and who recognized my face. Ive never 31 words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever, but thats not how the people I 32 tend to act. 33 , I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gon
15、e 34 what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely 35 .16.AaccessibleBhiddenCunknownDconvenient17.Aface-savingBbrain-washingCeye-catchingDheart-stopping18.ApartsBcontentsCdetailsDingredients19.AignoredBansweredCexaminedDinterrupted20. Ami
16、ssingBreturnedCremainingDabandoned21.A. stillBeverCyet Deven22.AselectedBappointedCidentifiedDdefined23.Adelay BalarmCregretDinvitation24.AmovedBplacedCopenedDspotted25.AdisagreedBcomplainedCcalculatedDrecommended26.AselflessBriskyCslowDpersonal27.AsiteBdirection CsituationDatmosphere28.AcrisisBdang
17、erCthreatDfailure29.Agot rid ofBmade use ofChad control ofD. take possession of30.AifBwhereChowDwhen31.ArecalledBexchangedCrepeatedDwhispered32.AencounterBfollowCconsultDaccompany33.AGoing awayBTurning aroundCLooking backDComing along34.AintoBagainstCoverDbeyond35.AlongingBenthusiasticCconcernedDgra
18、teful三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHistory Fair CompetitionUnderstanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today
19、 and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun!This Years ThemeAll participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many peo
20、ple, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories: Performance Docume
21、ntary (纪实作品)Essay WritingCategory RequirementsPerformance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.Documentary: A visual presentation (such as a video, slide show, or computer project) no more than 10
22、minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loud speakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March23.Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations (图解) are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of refer
23、ences must be included.Important DatesJanuary 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script (剧本) , or documentary highlights.February 19 A committee o
24、f teachers will evaluate materials, and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products. March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition7:0 A.M. - 9:00 A.M Participan
25、ts signing in at the gym10:00 A.M. - 6:00 P.M. Competition and judges review7:00 P.M Awards ceremony and picnic36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the major goal of understanding history? A. To preserve national traditions.B. To prepare for a history competition.C. To better know the present and f
26、uture.D. To further explore historical mysteries.37. What is the theme of this year s competition? A. Technology advances science.B. Science interacts with technology.C. Science has made the study of history easy.D. Technology has improved the life of Americans.38. Among the items provided by the sc
27、hool for a visual presentation are_. A. special clothes and a screenB. a desktop computer and a CDC. a projector and special clothesD. a desktop computer and loudspeakers39. What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement? A. Include more information
28、 in the essay.B. Remove the references.C. Provide a cover for the essay.D. Explain the details with illustrations.40. What will the committee of teachers do on February 19? A. Preview performances and documentaries.B. Make comments on the materials.C. Improve the participants first draft.D. Collect
29、a second proposal from the participant.BI must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I dont remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sound
30、ed.I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say, “I cant believe whats printed in the newspaper this morning,” made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night,
31、just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When mom said, “The
32、 C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf,” I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.Most of my reading through primary, middle a
33、nd high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make As on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didnt enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.Yet, now that Im gr
34、owing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I dont have to wr
35、ite down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.Were taught to read because its necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And Ive found that the possibilit
36、ies that lie within books are limitless.41. Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of moms hands?A. She wanted mom to read the news to her.B. She was anxious to know what had happened.C. She couldnt wait to tear the newspaper apart.D. She couldnt help but stop mom from reading.42. Accordi
37、ng to Paragraph 3, the authors reading of road signs indicates _.A. her unique way to locate herself.B. her eagerness to develop her reading ability.C. her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules.D. her growing desire to know the world around her.43. What was the authors view on factual reading?A
38、. It would help her update test-taking skills.B. It would allow much room for free thinking.C. It would provide true and objective information.D. It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.44. The author takes novel reading as a way to _.A. explore a fantasy land.B. develop a passi
39、on for learning.C. learn about the adult community.D. get away from a confusing world.45. What could be the best title for the passage?A. The Magic of ReadingB. The Pleasure of Reading.C. Growing up with Reading.D. Reading makes a Full Man.CHow does an ecosystem （生态系统） work? What makes the populatio
40、n of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical, models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.
41、Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator（掠食动物） always eats huge numbers of a single prey（猎物）, the two species are strongly linked；when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak l
42、inks because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(灭绝)of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows to original prey to rec
43、over. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the
44、top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species-including species they did not directly attack.And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod
45、 on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushi
46、ng an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point（临界点）, it is remarkably difficult for them to return.46. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical of food webs?A. The living habits of species in food webs.B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.C. The approaches to studyi
