1、中考英语感叹句与祈使句专题复习及练习题一、 感叹句一、什么叫感叹句感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。二、感叹句型总结【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！1) What +a/an+形容词+名词+其他成分！例： What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影啊！2) What + 形容词+复数名词+其他成分！例： What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！3) What + 形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！例： What
2、 wonderful weather! 天气真好！【说明】 在感叹句中，What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an，如：What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊！What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊！What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！【句
3、型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！1) How +形容词+ a/an +名词+其他成分！（how引导感叹句，名词放在形容词后） How careful a boy he is! 他是多么细心的一个男孩啊！ 对比： What a carful boy he is! 2) How+形容词或副词+其他成分！例： How carefully he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊！三、感叹句巧解法 （1）一找二断三辨四确定：构成感叹句的感叹词有两个：what和how，其基本结构是：1）What名词陈述肯定式：2）How形容词（或副词）陈述肯定式很多同学常常对该用wh
4、at还是该用how弄不清楚。如：_cold water this is！AHow BWhat_cold it is！AWhat BHow如果我们采取“一找二断三辨四确定”的方法很快就能确定该选哪个感叹词。“一找”即先找出句中的主语。“二断”就是在句中的名词（形容词、副词等）与代词（或名词）之间断开。例如上面第一句应在water与this中断开（因this是指示代词），“三辨”就是断开后辨别断线前面的词的词性，句中断线前的词是water，而water是名词。“四确定”就是确定如果是名词就选what，是形容词就选how。 所以第一例句就选B。 上面两个例句是最基本最简单的填空题形式。但只要掌握这个
5、方法，即使再复杂的填空题也会迎刃而解。不过还要注意，如果断开后，断线前的那个中心词是单数可数名词，千万别忘了在感叹词与名词间加冠词a（an）。例如：_nice present it is！AHow BWhatCHow DWhat a用上述方法，从present与it之间断开，断线前present是名词，且为单数可数名词，nice又以辅音开头，故选D。（2）“断找去添改”五步法：若把一个陈述句变为感叹句，可以采取这“五步法”。如：The picture is very beautiful断：在陈述句中的谓语动词后将句子断开：The picture isvery beautiful找：划出断线后的
6、中心词是何词类。去：中心词是形容词或副词时，要把修饰该形容词或副词的词去掉。（比如本句中心词beautiful是形容词，修饰该词的是very，变时应去掉very。但须注意，线后如果是名词，名词前的修饰语是万万不能去掉的。添：就是添上感叹词。如果线后的中心词是名词，就添What；是形容词或副词就添How。改：将陈述句句前的大写改为小写，将变为感叹句的感叹词及其修饰的名词部分放在句首，感叹词首写字母改为大写。同时句尾的标点由陈述句的句号改为感叹句的感叹号。据此，上句就变成了：How beautiful the picture is！感叹句专项练习一单选题1. warm and rainy weat
7、her it was last November in Shanghai.A. What B. What a C. What an D. How2. _ helpless the poor little girl is after she lost both her parents in the car accident! A) HowB) WhatC) What aD) What an3. exciting program Tint Running Man is! A) What B) What a C) What an D) How4.exciting music the recordin
8、g is playing! A) WhatB) What aC) What anD) How5._ useful information she offered us! We all thank her. A) What B) What aC) HowD) How a 6. useful information Mr. Brown gave us just now!A. How a B. How C. what a D. what7. _ helpful advice you gave us on protecting personal information the other day! A
9、) What B) What a C) What an D) How8. Now that the problem is solved, why not have a break? What nice _!A) excuseB) attitudeC) result D) advice9. _ time we will probably have in 2040! （ A) What wonderful B) How wonderful C) What a wonderful D) How a wonderful10. _ sad we were to hear about Yahangs ai
10、r crash last month. A) What B) What a C) How D) What an11._ important news is to everybody in modern society! A. What B. How an C. How D. What an12.Debbie is wearing a new skirt. lovely she looks! A) WhatB) What aC) What anD) How13. _ pleasant weather it is! Lets go out and enjoy the sunshine!A) How
11、B) WhatC) What aD) What an14. exciting it is to join a club and work with friends during summer holidays! A) How B) How an C) What D) What an15. _ _ nice film Wolf Totem (狼图腾） is! Id like to see it again if l am free. A) How B) What an C) What D)What a16. _ enjoyable the journey was! We really had a
12、 great time.A) What B) What a C) What an D) How二、句型转换17. Shanghai International Art Festival brought us many wonderful performances.（改为感叹句）_ _ performances Shanghai International Art Festival brought us !18.Lind has a pretty wooden horse. (改为感叹句) _ _ pretty wooden horse Linda has!19. We have fine we
13、ather today. (改为感叹句)_weather we have today!20. My pen friend has sent me a very beautiful birthday card(改为感叹句) _ _ beautiful birthday card my pen friend has sent me!21. Its fun to have a barbecue on such a sunny day. (改为感叹句) it is to have a barbecue on such a sunny day!22.The audience arrived at the
14、 theater very early. （改为感叹句） the audience arrived at the theater!23. He feels so proud to be elected chairman of the Students Union. (改为感叹句) _ _ he feels to be elected chairman of the Students Union 二、 祈使句一、祈使句（Imperative Sentence） 定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。 祈使句因对象（即
15、主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。例：Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。命令） Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.） （请安静。请求） Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。劝告） Watch your steps. （走路小心。警告） Look out！Danger！ （小心！危险！强烈警告，已如感叹句） Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。禁止） No parking. （禁止停车。禁止） 祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起
16、来觉得柔和些，例如： You go and tell him, Chris. （克立斯你去告诉他。）二、相关口令 祈使句无主语,主语you常省去;动词原形谓语当,句首加dont否定变;朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。三、表现形式 肯定结构: 1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好
17、孩子!3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。否定结构:1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dont构成。如:Dont forget me! 不要忘记我!Dont be late for school! 上学不要迟到!2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Dont + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No s
18、moking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!祈使句的反义疑问句： 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。 Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you? Lets 开头的祈使句，反义疑问句用：shall we? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we? Let us开头的祈使句，反义疑问句用：will you? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you?祈使句专项练习单选题1. The TV is to
19、o loud. Please_. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it2. _ late again, Bill! A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not3. _ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Wont C. Doesnt D. Dont4. Please help me carry it, _? A. will I B. will you C. sh
20、all I D. shall we5. Dont make so much noise, _? A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. do you6. Do you know the girl _under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood7. Kate, _ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing8. _ me the truth, or Ill be angry. A. Tell
21、ing B. To tell C. Told D. Tell9. Ive kept the dog _Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name10. Dont you know that _ is good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims句型转换11. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句） _ _ again more slowly, please.12. If you don
22、t listen to me, Ill go. （改为同义句） _ _ me, or Ill go.13. Lets watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句） Lets watch the sports games, _ _?14. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_ _careless, please.15. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_ _ next to Nancy.16. Dont forget to turn off the
23、 lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Dont forget to turn off the lights, _ _?17. If you move, youll die. （改为同义句）_ _, or youll die.18. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, _ _?19. 这是一个坏了的被子。 （翻译句子）This is a _ _.20. 让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。 （翻译句子）Lets go and help the _ _, please.参考答案： 1-5. ABDBA 6-10. CADBB11. Read it 12. Listen to 13. shall we 14. Dont be 15. Dont sit16. will you 17. Dont move 18. will / wont you 19. broken glass / cup 20. crying girl
