1、一般现在时的用法及练习题定义:一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。 构成:一般现在时用行为动词的原形,但第三人称单数作主语时,动词的词尾要加-S。(一般的动词词尾+S。以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i,+es。辅音字母+o结尾的+es.) 形式:主语+动词原形+宾语 用法:1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 2.表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征。 3.表示现在的状态。 4.表示客观事实和普遍真理。 5.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时。 6.表示预先计划或安排好的行为。 7.小说故事
2、用一般现在时代替一般过去时。 8.有些表示状态和感觉的动词表示现在发生的具体行为时,只用一般现在时,而不用进行时态。 9.表示现在发生的具体动作或存在的状态 一般现在时的用法: 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语: always, usually, regularly, every morning/night/evening/day/week, often, sometimes, occasionally, from time to time, twice a week, rarely, seldom, once a month hardly ever, nev
3、er. I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so muc
4、h. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。 5).表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事。 He starts next week.
5、 他下个星期出发。 We leave very soon. 我们很快就离开。 The train starts at 10 oclock in the morning. 火车将在早上10点开出。 这类用法限于表示“移动”的动词:go去,come来,leave离开,start出发,begin开始, arrive到达,take off起飞,等。 一般现在时Be动词情况 am, is, are也可以做一般现在时的助动词 例如: I am a student. 一般现在时表将来: 1)下列动词:come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, f
6、ly的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes. 2)倒装句,表示动作正在进行,如: Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 3)在时间或条件句中。 When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. Il
7、l write to you as soon as I arrive there. 4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 基本形式(以do为例): 主动态:do 被动态:be done 过去时:did 第三人称单数形式:does第三人称单数问题一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。第三人称单数变化,现归纳
8、总结如下:1.人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如:He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。2.单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;用第三人称单数。如:Han Mei looks like her mother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。Beijing is in China.北京在中国。Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。3.单数可数名词或this / that / the/ a +单数可数名词作主语时,是第三人称单数
9、。如:A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。 This book is yours.这本书是你的。That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的。 The cat is Lucys.这只猫是露茜的。4.不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时,第三人称单数。Everyone is here.大家到齐了。 There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。 That is
10、 an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。5.不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如: The milk is in the glass. The bread is very small.6.当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: 6 is a lucky number.6 I is a letter.发音规则动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为s,在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z。如:stopstops s ; makemakes sreadreads z ; playplays z2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要
11、先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读iz 如:flyflies z; carrycarries zstudystudies z; worryworries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为iz 如:teachteaches iz; watchwatches iz4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读z 如:gogoes z dodoes z注:下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。 如:1、do du:does dz2、say seisays sez以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是s,z时,加“s”后字母“e”
12、发音, 与所加“s”一起读做iz。 如:closecloses iz作业I.写出第三人称单数:wash_ match _guess_ study_ finish_ go_ snow_ carry_II.用所给动词的适当形式填空:1. He_ TV every evening. (watch)2. We always _ to school on foot. (go)3. Tom, with his classmates, often _ football after school. (play)4. Your shoes _ under the bed. (be)5. _ here and _
13、 by me. (come, stand)6. His uncle usually _ to work by bus. (go)7. I always _ up at six in the morning.(get)8. John _ like his father. (look)III.完成句子根据所给中文意思,在空白处填入适当词语完成句子。每空一词,请直接在答题纸上完成,不要在此页上作答。1该吃晚饭了。Its time to _ _.2你想来点儿面包吗?Would you _ some _ ?3安娜太小,还不能上学。Ann is _ young _ go to school.4约翰跑得和我
14、一样快。John runs _ fast _ me.5布莱克太太经常在英语上帮助我们。Mrs. black often _ us _ our English .6老师让我们每天说英语。The teacher tells us _ _ English every day.7为什么不让孩子们做他们喜欢的事情?_ _ let the children do what they like?Key:二、1. watches 2. go 3. plays 4. are 5. come, stand 6. goes 7. get, got 8. looks三、1. Its time to have supper. 2. Would you like some bread?3. Ann is too young to go to school. 4. John runs as fast as me.5. Mrs. black often helps us with our English.6. The teacher tells us to speak English every day.7. Why not let the children do what they like?