1、八年级第二学期牛津英语知识点梳理及配套练习Unit 2 Water Talk重点词组1. the amount of water 水的数量2. flow into 流入3. rise from 从升起4. fall as sth. 像似的下落5. tap was on 水龙头开着6. pour into the washbasin 倒入洗漱池里7. look around 环顾四周8. sound impatient 听起来不耐烦9. a drop of water 一滴水10. before that 在那之前11. enjoy the view 欣赏景色12. dropinto 把扔到.1
2、3. speed down 快速下滑，跌落14. clean up 净化，弄干净15. a water treatment works 自来水厂16. finish with sth. 用完，不再需要某人17. pumpinto 把吸收到18. a sewage plant 污水处理厂19. a thorough cleaning 一次彻底的清洁20. addto 将加入21. the end of journey 旅程结束22. wait a minute 等一下23. liquid gold 液体黄金24. mean by 意思是25. talk to sb. 和某人谈话词型转换1） da
3、ily adj. 每天的 day n.天2） increase v. 增加 increasable adj. 可增加的 increasing adj. 日益增加的 (反义) decrease v. 减少3） impatient adj. 不耐烦的 impatiently adv. 不耐烦地 impatience n. 急躁 (反义) patient adj. 耐心的4） comfortably adv. 舒服地 comfort v. 安乐n. 舒适comfortable adj. 舒服的 (反义) uncomfortably adv. 不舒服地5） relax v. 放松 relaxed ad
4、j. （人）轻松的 relaxing adj. 令人放松的6） works n. 工厂， 作品 work n. 工作，事业 v. 工作，干活7） cleaning n.清洁，打扫 clean v.使干净 adj. 清洁的8）ordinary adj. 普通的 ordinarily adv. 普通地9）manufacture v. 生产，制造. manufacturer n. 制造商 manufacturing adj.制造的 manufactory n. 工厂10）equipment n. 设备 equip v. 装备，配备 equipped adj. 装备的重要句型1. She was br
5、ushing her teeth and the tap was on were/was +doing 表示为过去进行时态,强调在过去某一点时间时正在进行的动作。例句： It was 2 oclock and my mother was reading a book. on adv. 表示已连接，处于工作状态中 （反义）off2, Water was pouring into the washbasin and vanishing down the drain. pour into 流入vanish down 向下消失3. Turn that tap offturn sth. off = tu
6、rn off sth. 动词+副词+sth. = 动词+sth. +副词常见词组： pick up , write down, turn on, etc. 4. The voice sounded impatient. sound + adj. 听起来 sound系动词 系动词分类：1） 表示感官的系统词 look, sound, taste, smell, feel,这五个动词均可作连系动词，后面接形容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为看/听/闻/尝/摸起来。除look之外，其它几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。2）表示状态的系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，3）表示持续状态的系
7、动词，主要有keep, remain, stay 等4）表示主语变化的系动词，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, 等5. Its not easy for me to get here. It is + adj. +for sb. +to do sth. 其中it 作为形式主语，to do sth. 是逻辑主语。例句： It is important for us to learn English well. 对于我们而言，学好英语非常重要。6. A few days ago, I was floating comfortably in a cloudy in Jiang
8、xi, enjoying the view. Enjoying the view 作为句子的伴随状语，强调水滴在漂浮在云上的时候，正在欣赏着美好的风景。7Then the cloud dropped me into a stream and I sped down the mountain into the Yangtze River. dropinto把。扔到。speed, sped, sped v. 加快，飞跑8. The Yangtze River carried me to a lake. carry sb. to spl. 携带某人去某地carry v. 携带* carry, tak
9、e, bring,的区别caryy 意为 携带bring意为“带来，拿来”，指把某物或某人从另一个地方带到说话的地方来，也可以说是“由远及近”。take(带走)意为把某物或某人从说话的地方带到另一个地方去，也可以说是“由近及远”，常和介词to构成搭配。carry意思是“提、扛、搬、携带”，意思较多，但没有方向性。9. Then it was time to get cleaned up. clean up 净化，弄干净get + 过去分词 也是一种被动语态。例如： get lost 迷路 get hurt 受伤 get married 结婚It is time to do sth. =It i
10、s for sth. 的时候到了It is time to have lunch= It is time for lunch.10. I was dirty after my journey so they took me to a water treatment works. so conj. 表结果,不能与because 连用。常见的还有although,though不能与but连用。treatment n. 当治疗方式时为可数名词, 当治疗时为不可数名词works n. 工厂11. I waited there until you called me, and here I am. un
11、til 一直到 引导时间状语从句常用结构： notuntil 直到。才 here I am 意为：我就到这里了。倒装句 = I am here. 例句： Here comes the bus. 车来了。12. When youve finished with me, Ill go to a sewage plant. Then theyll pump me into the river and Ill be back in the sea again. finish with sth. 不再需要某物，用完plant 意为“ 工厂，车间”pump into 把。抽吸到。13. Remember
12、not to waste me or pollute me. remember (not ) to do sth. 记住（不）要去做某事remember doing sth. 记得做过某事例句： Remember to close the door before you leave. 离开之前记得要去关门。 I remember meeting you somewhere before. 我记得以前于建国你。相似结构：try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做某
13、事 stop to do sth. 停止去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事14. “What do you mean by liquid gold? “ But there was no reply. The water had gone. mean by 意思是What do you mean by saying so? 你这么说是什么意思？reply 是answer 的近义词l reply 意为经过思考之后回复对方的问题。reply to sbl answer 泛指各类回答。 answer the question had gone 为过去完成时态，表示一个动作或状态在过
14、去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束。基本结构“ had + 过去分词”例句： Before I could say soemthing, the handsome man had gone. 在我想说什么之前，那个帅哥已经不见了。语法知识：数量的表示方式1. 修饰不可数名词little（几乎没有，表示否定含义）, a little（少量）, not much,（不多） much （许多） a great deal of （大量）2. 修饰不可数名词few（几乎没有，表示否定含义）, a few（少量）, not many（不多）, many （许多）a large number of （大量）
15、3. 修饰可数和不可数no（没有）, some（一些）, any（一些）, a lot of （许多）,lots of (许多)， plenty of (充足的), enough （足够的）4. 表示数量约数数量表示方式例句数量正好enoughI have got enough rice. 数量过多too manytoo much I have got too many apples.I have got too much rice数量过少too fewtoo littlenot enough I have got too few apples.I have got too little ri
16、ce.I havent got enough apple. 5. 其他数量搭配only a few (=few) 一点点例句： He spoke only a few words. not a few (=many) 相当多，不少例句：Both students have made not a few experiments on electricity.quite a few (=many) 相当多 例句：Quite a few people came to the lecture. many a (=many)例句：Many a famous pop star has been ruine
17、d by drugs6. none 的用法none作为不定代词，其义相当于no one、nothing 或not any.1) none与some one、 any one、 every one 均既可指人、也可指物，后可跟of结构；而no one、 everybody、 anybody、 something、 nothing等复合不定代词只表示人或只表示物，后面不能跟of结构。2) none作主语指代三者或三者以上的可数名词复数时，谓语用单数也可用复数，常无多大区别；例句： None of them are teachers. None of them is teachers. 3) 对ho
18、w many， how much 的否定简略回答，用none而不用nobody 或nothing。例句： - How much rice is there in the box? None. 7. 可数名词与不可数名词1）可数名词: 一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词。个体名词: 表示人或物体中可以数清的单个体. 如：student, pen集体名词: （即集合名词）表示由个体组成的集合体。如：people, family可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如：map maps onion onions baker bakers2）不可数名词：不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名
19、词及抽象名词。物质名词: 表示构成物体物质的不可数名词，或表示无法分为个体的物质的名词。如：gold, air 抽象名词 : 表示动作、状态、品质、情感等非具体化的抽象概念。如：advice, hate不可数名词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。如：some water a lot of bread 3）对可数名词的数量提问用 how many ;对不可数名词的数量提问要用 how much双基训练Exercises for Chapter 2I. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内。)( ) 1. What does the mana
20、ger mean _ saying break legs when we have the match？ A. for B. by C. with D. to ( ) 2. My little brother cant find his favourite toy and now he becomes _.A. impatiently B. happily C. excited D. impatient ( ) 3. Hurry up! We have _ time left.A. many B. much C. little D. a little ( ) 4. Suddenly, I he
21、ard _ strang voice behind me. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 5. When Daisy _ and the tap was on. A. is brushing B. brushed C. brushes D. was brushing. ( ) 6. Daisy is talking with a _ of water. A. cup B. piece C. drop D. box( ) 7. This place is very _ and make people feel _.A. relaxedrelaxed B. relaxingr
22、elaxing C. relaxedrelaxing D. relaxingrelaxed( ) 8. water was given a thorough _ and get _ up. A. cleanclean B. cleaningcleaned C. cleanedcleaned D. cleanedcleaning( ) 9. Lets wait _ the rain stop. A. until B. because C. but D. so ( ) 10. Please remember _ the light when you leave the classroom. A.
23、turning off B. turn off C. turned off D. to turn off( ) 11. How many people can a plane _? A. take B. send C. carry D. bring ( ) 12. The room has _ so it is _.A. enough lightsenough bright B. enough lightsbright enoughC. lights enoughbright enough D. lights enoughbright enough( ) 13. It _ me fifteen
24、 minutes to go to school by bike.A. keeps B. uses C. spends D. takes( ) 14. A: Daisy could read English when she was four years old. B: _ clever the girl was!A. How a B. What a C. What D. How ( ) 15. Only you are here. Where are _?A. the other boy B. the others boys C. other boys D. the other boys(
25、) 16. A: Which do you like btter, singing or dancing? B: _ of them is ok. I like all the activites. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. None( ) 17. A: Im afraid I cant help you. B: _. I can do it by myself.A. Certainly B. Thats right C. Never mind D. Im sorry. ( ) 18. A: When will we get off the buts? B
26、: _.A. Here they are. B. Here we are. C. We are here. D. Thank you. ( ) 19. Teacher wanted to find out who broke the window but no one replied. A. answered B. talked C. said D. spoke( ) 20. The doctor gave him a thorough exam that day. A. clearly B. careful C. complete D. correctII. Complete the sen
27、tences with the given words in their proper forms. （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）1. He doesnt have a necessary _, though he was badly ill. (treat ) 2. A few days ago, I was floating _ in a cloud in Jiangxi, enjoying the view. ( comfort)3. Our body needs eight cups of water _. ( day ) 4. Doctors suggest us we
28、 should brush our _ at least twice a day. ( tooth ).5. The cloud dropped the water into a stream and the water _ down the mountain into the Yangtze River. ( speed ) 6. The strange voice _ Dasiy when she heard it. ( freeze ) III. Rewrite the sentences （按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词）1. Turn off the light . ( 改为否定句)
29、 _ _ off the light. 2. The water is precious. ( 改为感叹句)_ _ the water is !3. You must remember ! Dont waste or pollute water. ( 合并为一句)You must remember _ _ waste or pollute water.4. To work out the math problem is not easy for me. (保持句意不变)_ is not easy for me _ work out the math problem. 5. There is a
30、 lot of rice here. (划线部分提问)_ _ rice is here? IV. Cloze text A) Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文. ）The world is not only hungry, but it is also _1_for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70% of the earths surface is _2_ with water. But about 97%
31、of that is sea wate, or salt watre. Man can only drink and sue the other 3% - the fresh water from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. (源泉). And we can not evern use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been made dirty. However, as things stand today, this _3_ water is still enough for
32、 us. But our need for water is becoming larger and larger quickly almost _4_. We should take steps to do with this problem now and in this way we can get away from a serious world wide water shortage (缺乏) later on.We all have to learn how to stop _5_ our valuable water. One of the first steps is to
33、develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer system (下水道). From there it returns to _6_ or runs into underground places. But even if every large city reused its water, we still would not have _7_. All wed have to do to make use of sea
34、 water in the world is to remove the salt. If we take these steps we will be in no danger of drying up. Choose the words or expressions and complete passage. (7分)( ) 1. A. thirstyB. sweetyC. sportD. hungry( ) 2. A. filled B. cover C. covered D. full( ) 3. A. salt B. fresh C. icy D. sweet( ) 4. A. da
35、y B. day with day C. day by day D. day on day( ) 5. A. wasting B. reusing C. to waste D. reducing( ) 6. A. Moon B. land C. space D. sea( ) 7. A. manyB. enough C. few D. a lot ofB) Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）Without water at lunchtime
36、One day at Bluesea Middle School in Hong Kong, about 450 students and teachers went without water at l_1_. They were in a meeting to learn about s_2_ water. The school also collected about HK$10,000. The money would be used to plant 1,880 tress at the heads of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers. The loca
37、l director of “ Friends of the Earth” Ms. Wong explained that one third of the worlds population still did not have enough water for all their needs. She thought that by the year 2010, one half of the worlds population would not have enough water. Ms. Wong said she had visited the heads of the two r
38、ivers three times in the past year. “ I had expected them to be clean places, as they are at the t_3_ of the rivers. However, sadly I found that they were polluted seriously, even worse than a few years ago.”Ms. Wong said that if everyone helped save water, the situation would get a little b_4_. She
39、 hoped that everyone could do something for saving water. One of the students who a_5_ the meeting said,” Im pleased I came to the meeting. Now I can remember how a third of the population lives. I thin Ill try and c_6_ some of my habits, for example, when I clean my teeth, I dont leave the tap runn
40、ing but use just a glass of water i_7_. l_ 2. s_ 3. t_ 4. b_ 5. a_ 6. c_ 7. i_IV Writing :Write at least 60 words about the topic The importance of water ”(以 “The importance of water ”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)Suggestion questions.1. Why water is important to us?2. Do we need to save water? Why?3. Ho
41、w can we save water?参考答案I. Choose the best answer1. A. 2. D. 3. C. 4. A.5. D 6. C. 7. D. 8. B. 9. A. 10. D.11. C. 12. B. 13. D 14. D 15. D. 16. C. 17. C. 18 B. 19 A. 20. C. II. Complete the sentences with the given words 1. treatment 2. comfortably 3. daily 4. teeth 5. sped 6. frozeIII. Rewrite the
42、sentences1. Dont turn 2. How precious 3. not to 4. Itto 5. How much IV cloze text 1- 7. ACBCADB1. lunchtinme 2. saving 3. top 4. better 5. attended 6. change 7. insteadV. Wrting The importance of waterWater is very important. People cant live without water. About two-thirds of the Earth is covered w
43、ith water, but little of it can be used. We should save water because water is very precious to us. We need water to drink, to wash our hands and faces, to do some cleaning. Plants and animals also need water to grow. We can save water by taking shower instead of bath. We can save water by not turning on the tap when we brush our teeth. We also can save water by telling other people not to waste it. In a word, water is very important in our daily life.
