1、英美文学选读期末考试A卷 姓名： 专业：学号： 学习中心：$ 成绩：Answer the following questions in a brief, clear way. You can use the textbooks for reference (20 points for each question)1. The famous saying to be, or not to be is said by whom? How to understand this famous saying? Survival or Destruction This is the problem. Su
2、rvival or Destruction, this is the problem. The famous British Renaissance dramatist and poet Shakespeare said in Hamlet。This monologue was after Hamuleitewangzi discovered that his mother and uncle had killed his father, and the two had already had an affair. At this time, he was painful and puzzle
3、d. He was full of doubts about life. He felt that there was no sense in living and suicide was better. He was also very afraid of death. I do not know whether people would go to hell after death. So in this monologue, he was very hesitant to think about survival or destruction.2. What does the image
4、 “lamb” stand for in William Blakes poem The Lamb?The lamb is extracted from the song of innocence in William Blakes poetry anthology song of innocence and experience. It is often in contrast with the famous poem tiger in the song of experience. It is not only a rare form of prosody, but also descri
5、bes the human spiritual state in the early industrial age with two different animals.Lamb, child and he are the recurrent images in the poetry. Blacks etched picture of the poem shows children and a group of lambs. The poem is in the form of dialogue between children and lambs. Children and lambs ar
6、e symbols of innocence and religion, while he is the creator and God In the first verse, the child asks the lamb: who created you, little lamb; In the second section, the child tells the lamb that he created you“ Who is he“ He is God as shepherd and creator“ He is a lamb, which is often used in Chri
7、stian legends to symbolize Christ, the lamb sacrificed to cleanse human sins“ He is a little child, is a naive, but also the highest significance given by religion Song of innocence is an ode to innocence.3. How does Jane Austen reveal the natures of the characters in Pride and Prejudice? Please mak
8、e some examples.Elizabeth is the heroine of pride and prejudice. Based on Elizabeth, the author puts forward a beautiful vision of the freedom and independence of British womens love. Elizabeths main characteristics are: self-respect, self love, courage, self-determination, but there is a certain pr
9、ejudice. When her unsuccessful cousin Collins proposed to her, she said angrily regardless of the feudal system: but its absolutely impossible for me to promise! I cant convince myself Please understand that I am a very rational person, speaking the truth from the heart In England at that time, many
10、 marriages were arranged by parents, and children did not have the right to speak. But Elizabeths courage supports her to break through the traditional feudal thought and to pursue self perfection. She doesnt live for money and material, and doesnt care about other peoples eyes. She just pursues her
11、 own happy love. This set a good example for British women at that time. Elizabeths prejudice is mainly against Darcy, who was born into a noble family. But when Darcy saw Elizabeth for the first time, his arrogance and insolence made Elizabeth have a prejudice. He thought Darcy was a dandy who didn
12、t think about others. Until Darcy proposed to Elizabeth for the second time, this prejudice existed. This is also the authors criticism of womens stubborn thinking. Its a good thing to dare to love and hate, but its also flawed not to treat others from the perspective of development. At the end of t
13、he novel, Elizabeth and Darcy get married. This happy ending is also the authors sincere blessing to the self-esteem and self-improvement women like Elizabeth.4. Who is the author of The Cask of Amotillado? In the story, what is the time and where is the place the narrator choose for revenge? Why?Am
14、antilados cask is one of the best short stories by American novelist Edgar Allan Poe.Revenge is one evening during the carnival when Fortunato gets drunk after drinking. He goes to the mansion of Montessori to identify the armantillado from his chance encounter with his old friend Montessori in the
15、street. Montessori has repeatedly falsely praised, insidiously hinted and warned him, but he never realized it. For example, when Montessori mentioned that he had got a barrel of armantillado, he immediately got excited: how did you get it? He said“ Armantillado? How could it be at Carnival? He was
16、arrogant, stupid and naive, and immediately got on Montessoris hook“ Anyway, lets go. A cold is not worth mentioning. Armantillado! Lucas cant even tell amantirado from sherry“ Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughi
17、ng Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing Coughing coughi. Cough is not worth mentioning at all. I wont die of coughing. I wont die of coughing. These words fully show fortunado
18、s offensive, arrogant and arrogant character. At the end of the story, it was not until Montessori tied Fortunato to the granite with the prepared chains, and then built a wall of death with stones that Fortunato understood, but it was too late. He can only wait for the arrival of death in despair a
19、nd pain, and the howl of hysteria can not change his fate.5. Who is the author of The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras Country? What are the writing techniques adopted in the story?The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras Country is is a short story by Mark Twain, an American writer, published i
20、n 1865.The theme of the famous jumping frog in Calaveras County sharply satirizes the hypocrisy and darkness of capitalist society.(1) Writing techniqueThe use of suspense and sudden turn: the writer uses the defamiliarization theory and suspense and sudden turn to describe the life of gamblers enga
21、ged in cockfighting and dog fighting. The unique perspective of description and novel conception extend the aesthetic time and enhance the aesthetic effect. Defamiliarization theory is skillfully used in the novel, which makes the gamblers ugly appearance show its original form. The author thoroughl
22、y reveals peoples gambling mentality, the inside story of gambling, the mechanism skills of gambling and the evil consequences of gambling.Dog fighting is a common gambling method used by the gambler smiley in the novel, and every gamble will win. At the beginning, the dog pretended to be pitiful“ J
23、ust look at the appearance, you must think its worthless. Its worthy of being tied there. It looks like a thief and always wants to steal something. By creating suspense, the author attracts readers attention, stimulates readers interest in reading, and achieves the effect of defamiliarization.In do
24、g fighting, the gambler Smileys dog first pretends to be pitiful, confuses his opponent, and makes him relax his vigilance, resulting in paralysis. And then they show up, surprise and surprise. The dog adopted the tactics of feigning ignorance, but also adopted the tactics of lasting, to defeat the
25、enemy. The dog is constantly changing tactics, first sad, then fierce. Here, the author uses the sudden turn to produce the effect of defamiliarization: it constantly consumes the opponents physical strength, and when the opponent is exhausted, he is surprised and unprepared. When it is impossible t
26、o win by quickly defeating the enemy, we should make use of long-term tactics, fight steadily, and win step by step. The dogs way to win is to be bitten by his opponent one after another without being disheartened. Instead, he suddenly bites his opponents hind leg joint, sticks to it, and doesnt che
27、w it, no matter how long it takes, even for a year, until the opponent admits defeat. Here, the writing technique of sudden change is used to change the situation, and the dog will win from adversity to prosperity.(2) Narrative techniquesAt the beginning of the novel, the narrator of the story is th
28、e first person I. At the request of a friend, he visits Simon weller, who is good-natured and talkative, and asks him about the whereabouts of Leonidas W. smiley, a friend of my friend. Reading this, readers may think that the following should describe the story between I and Simon weller. Unexpecte
29、dly, with the development of the novel, I is suddenly hidden, and the narrator of the story turns into Simon willer, who, regardless of Is indifferent reaction, chatters to I about the adventures of gambler Jim smiley“ I transferred the right of narration and became the same story audience as the re
30、aders. This skill of narrators transformation makes the novel get rid of the traditional, single and arbitrary narrators mode. I is no longer the omniscient God, but becomes the equal listener with the readers. Simon weller, as the character in the story, becomes the narrator of the story, which mak
31、es the story open, The development of the plot has a variety of possibilities, which invisibly attracts and identifies the readers.(3) The art of humorThe characters in the novel are full of comic elements. Simon, the storyteller, is a good-natured old man, but regardless of the real intention of me
32、, he pushed me to the corner and blocked my way with his own chair, telling a boring story that has nothing to do with me. Whats more ridiculous is that although I has a cold response to the story, Simon is serious and unsmiling. He wants to tell the story of gambler Jim smiley as an extremely impor
33、tant thing, and his tone is sincere and sincere. With a few strokes, the image of a stubborn old man living in his own world is portrayed.In addition, Simons speech is full of local accent, dialect and slang, and even a lot of grammatical mistakes. Mark Twain did not evade this, but used pinyin to p
34、resent it truthfully. The image of a mining worker with strong local color and flavor of life and low education level in the west of the United States is vivid. Another funny character is Jim smiley. Mark Twain uses exaggeration to highlight his infatuation with gambling: if its a dog, he gambles; i
35、f its a dog, he gambles; Its the cat who fights, he gambles; The fight is chicken, he also gambles; Hey, even if two birds fall on the fence, he will bet you which one will fly first; If he sees a dung beetle going anywhere, he will bet you that it will arrive in a few days no matter where it goes;
36、As long as you continue, even if you go to Mexico, he will follow the dung beetle to see if it goes there or not. It will take a few days on the way How ridiculous! Even dung beetle, a bug that everyone cant avoid, can be used to bet. Theres no second one in the world. But think about it carefully,
37、for a crazy gambler, all this has been commonplace. It is this absurd and reasonable exaggeration that highlights the image of the characters and creates a strong humorous laugh effect.Also worth mentioning are the animals in the novel that are used as gambling tools. Under the guidance of gambler J
38、im smiley, these animals seem to have got along with human nature and the bad habit of gambling. Although the sick mare was slow to swallow at the beginning of the race, at the end of the race, she shook her spirits and fought for her life; Four hooves are thrown everywhere, some are empty, some are
39、 off side, some are kicked on the fence, which makes the dust fly, coupled with coughing, sneezing, clenching nose, making noise - when it comes to the front of the referee, it is always a head earlier than other horses, so that people can understand it. Its a complete casino veteran. These superb anthropomorphic descriptions seem to be about animals, but in fact, they use animals as a foil to depict the gambler Smileys arrogance when he wins and helplessness and despair when he loses. The humorous effect immediately doubles.
