1、2020年湖南省高考英语模拟试题与答案本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AYou might
2、 have heard a lot about ancient towns and ancient cities in China. Here, we list several of the most beautiful ancient villages in China.Baoshan Stone City, Yunnan ProvinceBaoshan Stone City was built on a huge mushroom-shaped rock, and only has about one hundred houses. The houses are laid out in a
3、n orderly way, built on the rock, and linked by stone steps. The Naxi people there still lead an original life and grow crops in terraces (梯田); you can experience the colorful culture of the Naxi ethnic (民族的) group there.Tuvas Village in Kanas, XinjiangKanas Tuvas Village is near the mysterious Lake
4、 Kanas. The small village is located in a valley, and only has about 80 houses. These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences. Tuvas is an ancient minority group. They traditionally lived as hunter-gathers. You can visit a local family, go herding (放牧) with the locals and exper
5、ience the peaceful ancient village life.Jiaju Tibetan Village, Danba, Sichuan ProvinceJiaju Tibetan Village is known as the “Tibetan fairyland”. It stands on a mountain slope, and consists of about 140 houses. These unique houses are all built with crown-shaped roofs, red eaves, and white walls, whi
6、ch make the houses look like little castles among the forest.Xijiang Miao Village, Guizhou ProvinceIf you re interested in the Miao Minority, Xijiang Miao Village can be a great destination for deepening your understanding of Miao history and culture. Its the largest Miao village in China, and now h
7、as 1432 households with a population of over 5000, of which 99.5% are Miao ethnic group. It s also famous for the houses built on stilts (支柱) of different heights.1. What can you do in Kanas Tuvas Village?A. Hike in terraces.B. See houses of a foreign style.C. Go hunting with the locals.D. Learn abo
8、ut houses built on stilts.2. Where can you admire the houses like castles?A. In Baoshan Stone City.B. In Kanas Tuvas Village.C. In Jiaju Tibetan Village.D. In Xijiang Miao Village.3. What can we infer about the villages mentioned in the text?A. They remained secret to the outside world in the past.B
9、. They were originally built to defend their homeland.C. They are still cut off and difficult to access nowadays.D. They are the ethnic villages with unique architecture.BI was in the seventh grade, and we had moved to New Jersey in November. By then, everyone already had had their own friends, and
10、no one wanted to talk to a new girl. To make things worse, they put me in “Section L”. I found out later that everyone called Section L “Loserville”. It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers and not-so-smart kids. When I found out, I wanted to scream. I had always been
11、 a good student and had amazing friends, and now everyone thought I was a loser!I did text my friends in Illinois almost every night, especially my best friend, Ana. At first my friends wanted to hear all about it. But then some stopped texting back once I said something about how miserable I was. O
12、ne night when I was texting with Ana, I complained about another friend who had just done that.Anas texts came really fast for the next few minutes and they surprised me. She said that she was tired of hearing about how bad everything was in New Jersey, too. She said she did not want to hurt my feel
13、ings but that I needed to stop feeling so sorry for myself all the time, I had to try to make things better.The next day, I thought a lot about what Ana had said. She was right!I wish I could say that everything changed overnight after that, but it didnt. I was still stuck in “Loserville”, and some
14、people were still mean to me, even though I tried to just stay out of their way.But what did change was meI stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends. I signed up to make sets for the school play. I met a lot of new people there, and suddenly I had friends to say hi
15、to in the halls!I still miss Illinois sometimes, but life in New Jersey isnt so hard anymore. Even though I couldnt change my situation, I could change my attitudeand that made all the difference.4. “Loserville” is a section for _.A. failuresB. good studentsC. class secretsD. newcomers5. The writer
16、complained all the time in the new environment because _.A. Ana didnt text back to herB. her friends hurt her feelingsC. she was unfairly treatedD. she was a good student6. What made a difference in changing the situation?A. She went back to Illinois.B. She ended friendship with Ana.C. She fought ba
17、ck with her classmates.D. She began to make friends with others.7. The best title for the passage can be _.A. Lasting FriendshipB. An Incidence at SchoolC. Say Goodbye to “Loserville”D. Unhappiness in “Loserville”CMoscow city authorities have begun using comics（漫画） with characters from Russian fairy
18、 tales to explain to migrants（移民） how they should behave. They say a 100-page guide is needed to keep a positive image of the city and could help reduce tensions between natives and migrants. But critics have pointed out that foreign migrants and natives may be regarded as antagonists in the manual(
19、手册).Russians and migrants have repeatedly flooded in Moscow recently. Many migrants from ex-Soviet republics in Central Asia, the Caucasus（高加索） and North Caucasus, arrive in Moscow every year, attracted by the capitals job opportunities and relatively high salaries. A significant number of them work
20、 in the Russian capital illegally.The new guide in Russian seeks to explain the dos and donts to migrants. They are urged not to cause trouble, by staring at women, or eating or talking loudly on the streets. They are also warned that the police may routinely（例行公事） stop them to check their documents
21、.In the manual, Russias famous three warriors are meant to represent the citys law enforcement agencies（执法机关）, while Prince Yuri Dolgoruky (a historical character) is used for tours around Moscow. Meanwhile, Vasilisa the Wise and The Snow Maiden test the reader on Russias language and history. A spe
22、cial section of the book explains the importance of following Moscows strict residency and employment rules, stressing that migrants could otherwise be deported(驱逐出境) or banned from entry.The manual was written primarily for illegal migrants, Alexander Kalinin, who heads the group Support for Workin
23、g Migrants in Moscow, told BBC Russian.We want to raise their level of law awareness, he added.Migrant characters had initially(最初) been identified as representatives of different nationalities, but the books authors later decided to drop this idea so as not to offend anyone, said Mr. Kalinin.The ol
24、d conflict between Russian heroes and non-Slavic invaders is being revived, Yevgeny Varshaver, a migration expert told BBC Russian. He also suggested that the language used in the book would be difficult to understand for some migrants who were not native Russian speakers.8. The underlined word anta
25、gonists in Paragraph 1 can probably be replaced by _.A. friendsB. acquaintancesC. cooperatorsD. opponents9. People from other countries come to Moscow _A. to find well-paid jobsB. to have a new lifestyleC. to enjoy the fine climateD. to experience a new culture10. The third paragraph is mainly about
26、_.A. consequences the migrants may sufferB. the purpose of publishing the handbookC. the measures to attract foreign migrantsD. characters and their functions in Russian fairytales11. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A. Ways to help foreign migrants to settle in RussiaB. Ch
27、aracters from Russian fairy tales have new jobsC. More and more foreign migrants to work in MoscowD. Moscow fairy tale comics to help migrants behaveDIn this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrinking but getting wealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capit
28、a (人均) has shot up 24 percent. The trend is taking hold in many other cities, like Buffalo in New York, Providence in Rhode Island and New Orleans.Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their producing industry for a
29、 new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a greater effect because they create demand for additional services. The story in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looking at it as an example of the transformation that might be possible，”said Guhan Venkatu, who wrote an economic history of the
30、area called “Rust and Renewal” for the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobs and innovation(革新) to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Franc
31、isco. This has helped keep Pittsburghs educated young population growing even as the entire population in the city has dropped.Pittsburgh has more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) jobs than other shrinking cities, about 80, 000 or 7% of all jobs. STEM jobs add productivity and income
32、 growth to the area. Manufacturers of high-tech medical equipment in the Pittsburgh area also have doubled employment in the last 10 years.However, some experts question whether growing income per capita can really make up for a declining population. According to Patrick Adler, a researcher at the U
33、niversity of Toronto, population loss does matter if it means lower-skilled workers have fled because of a lack of opportunity. Whats more, high-paying jobs in education and health care can disappear if the population declines too greatly. So itd be wise to find ways to increase the population.12. I
34、n what aspect does Pittsburgh set a good example?A. Transforming old energy into new energy.B. Creating more well-paid jobs.C. Prohibiting the manufacturing.D. Sponsoring higher education.13. How do some academic institutions help with the local economy?A. By helping to attract more talents from oth
35、er areas.B. By providing much technical support to local companies.C. By hosting tech centers for local educated graduates.D. By assisting in employing a large number of educated youths.14. Why is Patrick Adler mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To show the disadvantage of a declining population.B.
36、To suggest increasing high-paying jobs.C. To raise doubts about growing income per capita.D. To tell a reason why lower-skilled workers flee.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. How Fast Job Growth Is Related to Population GrowthB. How Less-crowded Cities Plan Their High-tech EconomyC. W
37、hy Some Cities Are Losing People but Getting WealthierD. Why Some Cities Are Suffering From a Shrinking Population第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nowadays along with the booming of computer science, computers are widely used here and there. People even can find compute
38、rs in most classrooms. While teachers remain more or less the same, computers are doubling in speed and capability every four years. _16_ As far as I am concerned, teachers still play a major role and are still of great importance._17_ However advanced they may be, computers are nothing more than hu
39、man inventions programmed to perform certain tasks.They are unable to deal with students with different background. Needless to say, a classroom is a place where individual attention and creativity matter most. Therefore, computers are no better than other tools used by teachers and couldnt possibly
40、 make the roles played by them weaker.In terms of accuracy and the amount of information, computers outshine humans. _18_ Indeed, a good teacher organizes and inspires the students.Besides, the interaction between students and teachers is vital for the learning. According to most education authoriti
41、es, real learning occurs during the discussion and sharing of ideas with ones teacher and classmates. Moreover, a teacher is there to monitor every slight change in students attitude, to respond to and encourage them whenever they show signs of frustration and impatience. _19_Despite the increasing
42、presence of computers inside classrooms, teachers are just as essential, if not more so, as instructors were in the past. _20_A. Its time that teachers should develop themselves.B. Without this kind of interaction, education is unimaginable.C. Advanced as computers may be, some teachers are less imp
43、atient.D. But to make a good teacher means far more than being an encyclopedia (百科全书).E. People cant help wondering whether teachers are as important as they once were.F. Some drawbacks make it impossible for computers to replace teachers in classrooms.G. It is well known that computers are better a
44、t repetitive work but incapable of creative thinking.第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。You never know how far a kind act can go. You dont know who it can _21_, either. When Gloria Porter and Jeff Reick began _22_,they had no idea how much it w
45、ould _23_ others to shower (大量给予) people with kindness.89-year-old Gloria Porter was lying in hospital. She couldnt leave her ward. So to _24_ boredom, she would often stare outside her window to watch construction workers building the new front entrance to the hospital. She wasnt expecting one of t
46、he _25_ to wave to her. She couldnt help but wave back at the kind _26_. This was only the start of a special _27_ between the two.Jeff Reick knew Porter was _28_,so he decided to send a kind _29_ to her by finding some chalk and writing “Get Well” on one of the beams (梁) facing her _30_. “I just th
47、ought that was _31_,” Porter said. “So I should do something to _32_ that.”When Porter saw construction workers working high above the ground one cold, windy day, she grew _33_. She wrote “Stay safe” on a piece of paper, which she then _34_ on the window for the workers to see. “When I saw 4 Stay sa
48、fe on a piece of paper, I _35_ and said to my coworkers, Did you see that?” Reick said.The hospital staff took photos of that and _36_ them on social media. The simple acts of kindness _37_ and many people were employed in similar acts, including one woman who delivered _38_ pizza to the construction workers.“I just try to lead by example and never expect so much _39_,” Reick said. “If everybody
