1、历年全国高考英语名词试题汇总及答案一、单项选择名词1$300, and thats my last offer.OK. It is a _.AchargeBpriceCcostDdeal【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：300美元，这是我最后的报价。好的，成交。A. charge要价；B. price价格；C. cost花费，费用；D. deal交易。It is a deal.意为“成交”，是固定表达。故选D项。2As for your _ about the shoes, sir, I will speak to the person in charge and ask hi
2、m either to give you another pair or to give your money back.Acomposition Bcompromise Ccomplaint Dconcept【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. composition作文； B. compromise妥协； C. complaint抱怨； D. concept概念。句意：先生，关于你对这双鞋的投诉，我会和负责的人谈谈，让他要么给你另一双鞋，要么把钱还给你。complaint about“对-抱怨”，故选C。3Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable
3、anti-war film and also a story of courage and _ .Aburden BdepressionCbenefit Dsacrifice【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：拯救大兵瑞恩是一部令人难忘的反战电影，也是一个关于勇气和牺牲的故事。A. burden负担；B. depression压抑；C. benefit好处，益处；D. sacrifice牺牲；空格处与courage并列，都应该是褒义词，再结合电影情节，故选D项。4His conflicted with that of the other witnesses and yet his s
4、tory had, for me, the ring of truth.Aexpectation BinstructionCresponse Daccount【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他的叙述与其他目击者讲的有矛盾。然而在我看来，他所说的有可能是真的。A. expectation期望；B. instruction指示；C. response 回应 ;D. account陈述。由“yet his story”可知，account符合句意。故D选项正确。5Only when women are enabled to become strong will our families
5、, our economies, and our societies reach their fullest .Adistinction BinnovationCpotential Dappreciation【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. distinction区别； B. innovation创新； C. potential潜能； D. appreciation欣赏。句意：只有当妇女能够变得强大时，我们的家庭、经济和社会才能充分发挥其潜力。结合句意可知答案为C。6We have found that a boy matching your entered the amusement
6、 park just now.Ainstruction BexplanationCdescription Dapplication【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现一个符合你的描述的男孩刚才进入了游乐园。Ainstruction指示；Bexplanation解释；Cdescription描述；Dapplication申请。match description表示“匹配你的描述”，故C项正确。7Some netizens use “beat a call” as an _ to “cheering for” to show their approval or support
7、 for others.Aalternative BaccountCapology Dacquaintance【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些网民用“打call”代替“为之欢呼”来表示对他人的赞赏或支持。A. alternative供替代的选择；B. account描述；C. apology道歉；D. acquaintance熟人。故选A。8Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect the extraordinary_ from them to help rebuild the economy.Acatego
8、ry Bcommitment Ccomponent Dcompetence【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. category 种类； B. commitment承诺，保证； C. component成分，组件； D. competence能力，胜任。句意：现在银行已经恢复了元气，我们希望他们能做出非凡的承诺，帮助重建经济。结合句意可知答案为B。9When people need information, from the news and weather forecasts to travel packages and academic research, the Internet i
9、s now the first_ they turn to.Aprivilege Bsource Cassistance Doutcome【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. privilege特权； B. source来源； C. assistance帮助，援助； D. outcome结果。句意：当人们需要信息时，从新闻和天气预报到旅游套餐和学术研究，互联网现在是他们求助的第一个来源。结合句意可知答案为B。10William， grandson of the Queen， said he would not expect or accept special_when he was con
10、sidering joining the armyAtreatmentBachievementCstatementDrequirement【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：威廉王子，英国女王的孙子，说当他考虑参军的时候，他不会期待或者接受特别的对待。treatment治疗、对待，这里指跟其他士兵不同的对待； achievement成就； statement声明、陈述； requirement要求、需要，根据句意，故选A。11One hundred percent_to your studies， though it can be lonely and no fun at all，
11、will leave precious marks on your youthAresponseBoffenceCcommitmentDreaction【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：百分之百的投入到学习中去，尽管会既孤独又无趣，它却会给你的青春留下珍贵的印记。A. response响应、反应；B. offence犯罪、违反；C. commitment承诺、献身；D. reaction反应、感应。commitment“承诺、献身”符合句意。故C选项正确。12As he was not allowed to her to the shops, he wrote out a list
12、 of items for her.AappointmentBambulanceCaccompanyDadjustment【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：由于不允许他陪她去商店，他给她列了一张购物单。A. appointment约定；B. ambulance救护车；C. accompany陪伴；伴随；D. adjustment调整；调节。根据句意故选C。13 Youve taken the lead in the test again. Can you share your _ for success with us? Remember, the early bird catch
13、es the worm.AbonusBrecipeCgloryDfancy【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：你又在考试中领先了。你能和我们分享一下你成功的秘诀吗?记住，早起的鸟儿有虫吃。A. bonus奖金；红利；B. recipe食谱；秘诀；C. glory光荣；荣誉；D. fancy幻想；想象力。根据句意故选B。14On November 11, Alibaba sold more than 210 billion yuan _ goods on its e-commerce platforms T and TMall, making headlines all over th
14、e world.Asum of Bvalue forCworth of Dprofit for【答案】C【解析】【详解】考名词短语辨析。A. sum of的总和；B. value for物有所值（多形容质量）；C. worth of值的价值（多用于实际价值）；D. profit for利润为。句意：11月11日，阿里巴巴在其电子商务平台淘宝和天猫上销售了价值2100多亿元的商品，成为全世界的头条新闻。15We could see nothing in the thick fog at a _ of two meters, so we got lost.AdistanceBlengthCwayD
15、space【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：大雾天里,我们相距两米就什么也看不到了,所以我们迷路了。A. distance距离；B. length长度；C. way方式；D. space空间。由“We could see nothing in the thick fog”可知，at a distance of “隔着.距离”符合句意。故A选项正确。16He graduated from a medical research _ five years ago and has been working as a doctor since then.Adata BattendanceCc
16、ontext Dinstitute【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他五年前从一所医学研究所毕业，从那时起就一直当医生。A. data数据；B. attendance出席；C. context上下文；D. institute学院，根据题意，故选D。17- Do you agree friends you spend time with will change your life in one way or another?- Couldnt agree more. Hopefully our students can show great _ in their choices of
17、 friends.AaccommodationBdiscriminationCreputationDdistinction【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你同意和你在一起的朋友会以这样或那样的方式改变你的生活吗？完全同意，希望我们的学生在选择朋友方面表现出很强的鉴别能力。A. accommodation住处；B. discrimination鉴别力；C. reputation名誉；D. distinction区别。根据“their choices of friends”可知此处表示“鉴别力”，故B项正确。18I have absolutely no _ the student
18、s who get caught cheating in exams even though they were seriously punished.Aimpact onBsympathy forCconcern aboutDcomplaint about【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：我绝对不同情那些考试作弊被抓的学生，即使他们受到了严厉的惩罚。A. impact on影响；B. sympathy for同情；C. concern about担心；关心；D. complaint about投诉；对抱怨。根据句意可知选B。19In the book, the author de
19、scribes how Iran has long sought an with America.AaccelerationBaccomplishmentCaccumulationDaccommodation【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这本书里，作者描述了伊朗如何长期与美国寻求和解。A. acceleration加速，促进；B. accomplishment成就，完成；C. accumulation积聚，累积；D. accommodation和解，膳宿。根据句意，故选D。20They celebrate their wedding _ every year.Aadvantag
20、eBaimCamountDanniversary【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们每年都庆祝结婚纪念日。A. advantage优势；B. aim目的；C. amount数量；D. anniversary周年纪念日。根据“They celebrate their wedding”可知，此处表示“结婚纪念日”，故D项正确。21Deliberately push yourself out of your _. Try things that you do not normally try.AoriginBbudgetCroutineDidentity【答案】C【解析】【详解】考
21、查名词词义辨析。A. origin起源；B. budget预算；C. routine常规，惯例；D. identity身份。句意：故意让自己脱离常规。尝试一些你通常不会尝试的事情。结合句意可知答案为C。22This new phone is aimed at young people in the 18- 25 age _ and in the eye of them, the product can _ a message to other people that they are well-off.Arange; deliverBdimension; conveyCrange; conve
22、yDdimension; deliver【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词和动词辨析。句意：这款新手机针对的是18- 25岁的年轻人，在他们眼中，这款产品可以向其他人传达一个信息，他们很富裕。短语in .age range“在年龄范围内”，故第一空应用range，dimension表示“尺寸；体积”；第二空中deliver表示“交付；递送”，convey表示“传达；传输”，结合句意故选C。23A new _ to teaching languages is being used here, and it has turned out to be very helpful to the stud
23、ents.AapproachBmeansCmethodDway【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：教学语言的一个新的方法正在这儿被使用，这证明对学生很有用。这几个词都有“方法”的意思，但是A. approach 后面接to doing；B. means，method，way后面都是of doing，way还可以接不定式。故选A。24I cant stay out overnight without my parents _.AreputationBprejudiceCpresentationDapproval【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：未经父母的同意，我不能在外过夜
24、。A. reputation声誉；B. prejudice偏见；C. presentation 授予，介绍；D. approval批准，同意。根据句意，填入approval正确。故选D。25The self-driving smart bus is already operating in 10 cities across China, with the latest_ in Shanghai in August.AexplorationBexclusionCexpansionDexplosion【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自动驾驶智能巴士已经在中国10个城市投入运营，最
25、新的一次扩展是今年8月在上海。A. exploration探索，勘探；B. exclusion排外；C. expansion扩大，扩展；D. explosion爆炸。根据句意及选项，此处是说自动驾驶智能巴士最新一次投入使用是在上海。故选C。26Winning _ in the international market, Chinas high-quality products have brought us a good profit.AregulationBdevotionCrecognitionDinsurance【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在国际市场上赢得认可，中国的优质产
26、品给我们带来了很好的利润。A. regulation规章制度；B. devotion奉献；C. recognition认可；D. insurance保险。分析句意可知，此处应表示在国际市场上赢得认可，中国的优质产品给我们带来了很好的利润。结合选项，故选C。27A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems.AburdenBriskCholeDdisaster【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉父母我的问题时，我肩上的重担减轻了。A. burden负担；B. risk冒
27、险；C. hole洞；D. disaster灾难。根据句意及选项可知，此处使用“负担减轻”符合题意。故选A。28Be sure to read the _ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer.AinstructionsBsolutionCdescriptionsDmessage【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你使用新电脑前，一定要阅读说明书上的说明。A. instructions指示，说明；B. solution解决方法；C. descriptions描述；D. message信息。结合句意可知
28、，此处用“说明”符合语境，故选A项。29The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match, so I put it away somewhere out of my _.Ascene BsightCview Dscenery【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. scene情景；B. sight视力、视野；C. view角度；D. scenery风景。句意：那个足球总能让我想起我在那场比赛中犯的错误，所以我把它放在我看不见的地方。out of sight表示“视野之外；看不见”，故B项正确。30Please read
29、 the _ on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.AexplanationsBinstructionsCdescriptionsDintroductions【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：请阅读瓶子上的说明，并服用适量的药物。A. explanations解释；B. instructions说明；C. descriptions描述；D. introductions介绍。由“take the right amount of medicine.”可知，应该按照瓶子上的说明服用适量的药物。所以 instructions“说明”符合句意。故B选项正确。
