1、2009年高考英语第二轮热点专题复习倒装句一、考情分析近年来，特殊句式已经成为高考的热点，而倒装句又是热点之热点。在近五年的高考试卷中考查这一语法现象的试题就有38个，仅在2008年高考试题中，就涉及6道试题，所占比例颇大。命题者加大了对句子结构和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结，全面把握，深入研究。下面我结合本人的教学经验把对这一语法的规律和大家共同探讨一下，希望能对同学们有所帮助。通过分析我认为倒装句有以下六大考点:（1）含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装（2）含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装（3） “so（
2、nor, neither）+助动词 + 主语”与“so（nor, neither）+主语+助动词”之间的区别以及与“ so + 主语+ 助动词”的句式区别（4）省略if的虚拟条件句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装（5）not until置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装（6）only短语置于句首引起的部分倒装二、方法技巧点拨1. 考前应认真研读高考题目，了解命题人的意图，对高考方向有所把握。2.倒装句在句式上考生不是很习惯，故考生得从多方面入手，熟悉各种倒装句式，以不变应万变。3.要注意倒装句中的主谓一致、时态一致及人称一致等问题。4.加强理解分析能力，切忌机械记忆，注意
3、知识间的交叉，分清句子成分。5.在平时的学习中尽最大努力运用所学知识，达到熟能生巧的目的。三、倒装句的有关知识英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词、系动词、或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。1.完全倒装的情况：Tthere be 句型表示“存在”时，there是引导词，主语在be后，此时为全部倒装。注意：1.be与其后的主语保持数的一致。2.其中be有时可用live,stand,lie,seem,happen ,appear,come,remain代替。eg. There is a
4、box on the table.在以here, there,now,then,such等副词开头的某些句子里，谓语动词是be,go,come等时用全部倒装。eg. There goes the bell.Here is an apple for you.注意：如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。Eg.There she comes.直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。eg. “Very well,” said the French student.“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” said he.地点
5、、方位副词，如 up, down, out, away, in位于句首时用全部倒装。eg. Away hurried the boy.Out rushed the girl.注意：若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。 Eg. Out you go.such置于句首时，用完全倒装。 Eg.Such are the facts;no one can understand them.2.部分倒装的情况：only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时eg. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happi
6、ly back to work.Only in this way can we learn English well.注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。eg. Only Wang Lili knows this.否定副词never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等位于句首时，采用部分倒装。eg. Little did he say at the meeting.Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army. 注意：如不放在句首就不要倒装。eg.I shall never
7、 forget the day when I joined the Army.用在以so, nor, neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor, neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。eg. I am watching TV. So is she.My parents didnt watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.注意：so表示“是的，确实”时，主谓不倒装。Eg. He is a good boy. SO he is.否定意义的词或词组放在句
8、首时，应采用部分倒装。这类词或词组常用的有：rarely,scarely,not a bit（一点也不）,not until（直到才）,hardlywhen,no soonerthan（一就）,at no time（从不）,by no means（绝不）,in no,case（绝不）,in vain（无效，没有用）,on no condition（绝不）.在so.that,such.that句型位于句首时，主句需部分倒装，从句不倒装。（so和such部分要倒装，that从句不倒装）。as引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语）。eg. Proud
9、 as they are, they are afraid to see me.Child as he is, he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词）Hard as he worded, he made little progress.在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。eg. Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help you.Were I you (= If I were you), I would go abroad
10、.Should he come (=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.四、高考试题分析（08年各地高考试题）（江苏卷 32）_ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.A. only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will解析：句意：只有正确饮食，你才能保持身体健康。从句意可知unless不符合题意。D项应在will后加not。Only if 表条
11、件且位于句首，应用部分倒装。答案：A点评：做部分倒装时，应特别注意only(if)位于句首的情况。（江西卷 31）It was announced that only when the fire was under control _ to return to their homes.A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permittedC. would be residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted解析：句意：据宣称只有当火势得到
12、控制的时候，居民们才可以返回家中。Only+when从句放在句首时，用部分倒装。时态应用过去将来时。答案：C点评：我们做题时一定要熟悉有关倒装句的知识，同时分析句子结构和时态。（辽宁卷 35）35. Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _.A. I was neitherB. neither was IC. I was eitherD. either was I解析：比尔对贾森做报告推迟这件事表示不高兴，我也不高兴。考查neither表否定时，位于句首引起部分倒装的结构。Either无此用法。答案：B点评：我
13、们要切记neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+sb表示某人也不的用法。（陕西卷 7）Not until the motorbike looked almost new _ repairing and cleaning it.A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop解析：句意：他把摩托车擦洗和修补的和新的一样时才停下来。Not until引导的状语从句位于句首时，主句部分需部分倒装。答案：D 点评：此题考查否定词放句首要倒装的情况，同时我们应注意特殊句式的变化。(上海卷 39) So much of inter
14、est _ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.A. offers BeijingB.Beijing offers/C. does Beijing offerD. Beijing does offer解析：句意：北京旅游景点如此多，以至于游客根本没有时间游完所有地方。考查so.that句型位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。答案：C点评：此题考查引导结果状语从句的so.that,such.that 位于句首时，主句倒装，从句不倒装的情况。（重庆卷 26）Only when I left my parents fo
15、r Italy _ how much I loved them.A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize解析：句意：只有当我离开父母前往意大利，我才意识到我是多么的爱他们。Only引导的状语或状语从句位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。答案：D点评：做这类题目时应特别注意Only引导的状语或状语从句位于句首时的倒装句的用法，同时注意时态的确定。五、提升训练1. I cant ride a bike, .A. neither my sister can B. neither can my sister C. my
16、 sister can neither D. my sister can not too2. read such an interesting book. A. Seldom have I B. Seldom I have C. Seldom did I have D. Seldom I has 3.1 wonder if your wife will go to the ball. If your wife _, so _ mine.A. does; will B. will; doesC. will; would D. does; do4. Only after I read the te
17、xt over again _ its main idea.A. that I knew B. did I knewC. I could know D. I did know5.You seem to have learned all the English words by heart.A. So I do B. So do I C. So I have D. So have 16. So excited _ that he couldnt say a word.A. he seemed B. did he seemC. was he seeming D. he did look7. Jim
18、my was so nervous not a single word _ down in the dictation.A. he wrote B. he was writtenC. did he write D. was he written8. _ was his kindness that everyone praised him.A. ItB. WhatC. SoD. Such9. _, he would have passed the exam.A. If he were to study B. If he studied hard C. Had he studied hard D.
19、 Should he study hard10 - David has made great progress recently.- _, and _.A. So he has, so have you B. So he has, so you have C. So has he, so have you D. So has he, so you have11. No sooner _ they rushed out into the street.A. did they hear the news than B. did they hear the news when C. had they
20、 heard the news than D. had they heard the news when12. He was unable to make such progress, _.A. hard as he triedB. as hard he triedC. hard he has triedD. tried hard as he13. - Here _! Where is Xiao Liu?- There _.A. comes the bus, is he B. comes the bus, he isC. the bus comes, is he D. the bus come
21、s, he is14. Not only _ a promise, but also he kept it.A. did he make B. he madeC. does he make D. has he made15. Not until he arrived home _ he find that this wallet had been stolen.A. did B. wouldC. when D. that16. Nowhere else in the world _ cheaper tailoring（裁缝业, 成衣业）than in Hong Kong.A. a touris
22、t can find B. can a tourist find C. a tourist will find D. a tourist has found17. _ a nice man _ that we all believe him.A. So; did he seem B. So; he seemedC. Such; he seemed D. Such; did he seem18. _ , he never seems able to do the work beautifully.A. Try as he does B. As he tries C. Try as does he
23、 D. As try he does19. So carelessly _ that he almost killed himself.A. he drives B. does he driveC. did he drive D. he drove20. No sooner _ they rushed out into the street.A. did they hear the news than B. did they hear the news whenC. had they heard the news thanD. had they heard the news Keys1-5 BCABA 6-10 BCDCA 11-15 CABAA 16-20 ADABC
