1、第十五单元 科普性口译（英译汉）Unit 15Interpreting Popular Science Speeches(English-Chinese)Unit 15 Interpreting Popular Science Speeches(E-C)v15-1：睡眠与梦 Sleep and Dreamv15-2：音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction Industryv15-3：遗传信息 Genetic Informationv15-4：左脑之优 Left Hemispheric Dominance15-1：睡眠与梦 Sleep and Dreamvirritable:烦躁
2、;vemotional：精神上的;vpsychological rest：心理休息;valternate：交替;vpassive/active sleep：消极/积极睡眠;vheart beat：心脏的跳动;vslow-wave sleep：慢波睡眠;vthe still body：纹丝不动的身体;Vocabulary Workvrhythm：节奏;veye movement：眼球运动;vdream cycle：做梦的过程;vexception：例外;15-1：睡眠与梦 Sleep and DreamvIt is clear that we all need to sleep,because
3、if we sleep well,we feel rested and if not,we often feel tired and irritable.v显然我们都需要睡眠，如果睡得好，就感觉得到了充分的休息；若睡眠不充足便会感到疲倦和烦躁。v建议：按照句子的顺序进行翻译。15-1：睡眠与梦 Sleep and DreamvEach night we alternate between two kinds of sleep,active sleep and passive sleep,in order to get both physical and emotional rest.v每天晚上
4、我们以积极和消极的方式交替睡眠，以求在体力和精神两方面都得到休息。v 建议：注意翻译句子时语序的对调。15-1：睡眠与梦 Sleep and DreamvPassive sleep is also known as slow-wave sleep because the brain waves move in a very slow,regular rhythm,during which the body is at rest,the heart beat slows down,and the body processes become very slow.v消极睡眠又叫做慢波睡眠，这是因为消
5、极睡眠时，我们的脑电波处于一种非常缓慢而有节奏的波动状态，人体处于一种安宁的状态，心脏跳动的节奏减慢了，人体机能的运动变得非常缓慢。v建议：注意词组的翻译以及语序。15-1：睡眠与梦 Sleep and DreamvWhen we enter the active stage of sleep,the brain temperature rises,the amount of blood in the brain increases,the eyes begin to move rapidly,and the brain goes from being very inactive to bei
6、ng active.v当我们进入积极睡眠后，大脑温度会上升,脑血液流量会增加，眼球会快速转动，大脑由静止不动状态转为积极活动状态。v建议：按照句子顺序翻译，注意词组解释。15-1:睡眠与梦 Sleep and DreamvWe all experience these sleep cycles with no exception,and the truth is we need passive sleep to rest our bodies and active sleep to rest our minds.v我们每个人都毫无例外地经历这些睡眠阶段，因为我们不仅需要消极睡眠以休息身体，也需
7、要积极睡眠以休息大脑。v建议：语序对调，有时词组需要意译。15-2：音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction Industryvbone whistle：骨哨;vphonograph：留声机;vconcentrate：集中，全神贯注;vorchestral：管弦;vphonogram：录音片;vaffordable：消费得起;vmass-produced：大批量生产;vturntable：转盘;Vocabulary Workvportable record player：可提式电唱机;vmono-music player：单声道电唱机;vrealistic reproductio
8、n of music：给人以身临其境感觉的音乐;vhigh fidelity：高保真度;vtransistor：晶体管;vhi-fi stereo system：高保真音响设备;vcompact cassette：小型盒式磁带;vmagnetic tape：磁带;vhardware：硬件;Vocabulary Workvcompact disc：光盘；vdigital format：数字格式；vaudio tape：音带；vcompact cassette：微型盒式音带;vminidisc：数码微型光盘;vmutually incompatible：互不兼容;vobsolete：废弃的;15-
9、2：音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction IndustryvFrom recorded time,man has been fascinated with music and the hardware of sound reproduction.v有史记载以来，人类一直痴迷于音乐，痴迷于录制音乐的音响社会。v建议：注意词组的翻译。15-2：音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction IndustryvAmerican inventor Thomas Edison,who was considered the father of sound recording,de
10、veloped the phonograph,the first device to record voice in the world.It was not long before the musical uses of his invention were recognized and marked.v被誉为录音之父的美国发明家托马斯爱迪生发明了留声机，这是世界上第一台录音设备。时隔不久，爱迪生的这项发明的音乐应用价值便为世人所知，并被推向市场。v建议：注意形式主语的翻译。15-2：音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction IndustryvThe modern record
11、ing industry was born to satisfy an enormous market for all types of music:folk,classical,orchestral and popular.v现代录音行业的诞生旨在满足市场对各种音乐（如古乐、古典乐、管弦乐、流行乐等音乐）的巨大需求。v建议：注意专业术语。15-2：音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction IndustryvThe widespread use of electricity led to the invention of the portable record player,wh
12、ile the rise of the electronic industry fed the growing demand for hi-fi stereo system.v电的广泛使用使便携式电唱机面市，而电子行业的出现则刺激了人们对高保真音响系统不断增长的需求。v建议：注意翻译后句子的语序要符合中文。15-2：音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction IndustryvThe CD system is based on the technology of computers with music information stored and reproduced digit
13、ally.vCD音响系统是一种用数码储存音乐与再现音乐的电脑技术音响设备。v建议：按照句子的顺序进行翻译。15-2：音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction IndustryvIt is certain that the ever-improving technology will give rise to another development beyond digital sound,making the CD obsolete from general use.v可以断定，不断改进的技术必将产生一种超越数码阶段的音响系统，致使CD光碟退出大众使用的舞台。v建议：按照句子的顺
14、序进行翻译。15-2：音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction IndustryvThe advancement of times has turned many electronic devices that were regarded as luxury possessions into affordable and mass-produced commodities used by the general public.v随着时代的发展，许多昨日被视为奢侈品的电子产品，今日已成了普通人手中消费得起的、批量生产的日用品。v建议：可以做一下反向的练习，汉译英，再把英语译成汉语，
15、比较一下，看出差别在那些地方15-3：遗传信息：Genetic Informationvunique：独一的，与众不同的;vlight hair：浅色的头发;vliving creature：生物;vcombination of characteristics：;vbiologist：生物学家;vpea plant：豌豆植株;Vocabulary WorkvMendel：门德尔；vmate：交配;vto ones amazement：另某人惊讶的是;voffspring plant：植株的后代;vgene：基因;vethical：伦理的，道德的;15-3：遗传信息：Genetic Inform
16、ationvEvery living thing is a unique combination of the tiny pieces of matter called genes that carry information from parents to offspring.v每个生物都由一些叫做基因的物质独特组合而成，基因则是一种将遗传信息有父代传给子代的微小物质。v建议：注意英语介词在翻译中的应用，如“with,in”等，可以起到简略精炼的作用。15-3：遗传信息：Genetic InformationvThere are people who are obsessed with cl
17、oning experiments and wish to apply the theory of genetical replication in cloning human beings.v某些热衷于克隆试验的人想把遗传复制理论运用到复制人类上去。v建议：注意英语和汉语表达的区别。15-3：遗传信息：Genetic InformationvThe idea of combining animals genes with plant genes,or animal genes with human genes,has upset many people for ethical reasons
18、.v一想到将动物基因与植物基因组合起来，或者将动物基因与人的基因组合起来的做法，许多人出于伦理方面的原因颇感不安。v建议：注意句式。15-4：左脑之忧 Left Hemispheric Dominancevneuron：神经元;vmicrocircuit：微电路;vperception：感觉;vcortex：脑皮层;vwrinkle：褶皱;vmantle：覆盖物;vtissue：组织;vlayer：层;Vocabulary Workvneurological：神经学上的;vcognitive：认知的;vmammal：哺乳动物;vsymmetrical：对称的;vhemisphere：半球;vc
19、oordinate：调整，协调;vnerve pathway：神经束;vperceptual skill：感知能力;Vocabulary Workvnonlinguistic sound：非语言声音;vmelody：旋律;vmuscular：肌肉的;vparalysis：瘫痪，麻痹vright-/left-hander：右/左利手;vdominance：优势;vportion：一部分;vcrucial：重要的，决定性的;vprior to birth:出生前；vfetus:胎儿vasymmetry：不对称;15-4：左脑之忧 Left Hemispheric DominancevThe hum
20、an brain contains an average of ten billion neurons that participate in countless electrical microcircuits,the process of which makes possible thought,perception,communication,and other types of mental activity.v人的大脑平均有100亿个神经元，每个神经元都从事着不可悉数微电路脉冲活动，由此产生思维、感觉、交流以及其他一些脑力活动。v建议：按照句子顺序进行翻译。15-4：左脑之忧 Lef
21、t Hemispheric DominancevIn the cortex of the brain reside human cognitive abilities such as sophisticated reasoning,linguistic skills and musical ability.v人类的认知能力，如复杂的推理、语音、音乐等能力，无不寓居于人类大脑的脑皮层上。v建议：注意语序的对调及句式。15-4：左脑之忧 Left Hemispheric DominancevThe cortex,which is not present to a comparable degree
22、 in any other species,represents mans relatively recent evolutionary step in neurological development.v任何其他物种都不具有人类特有的脑皮层，脑皮层的出现时人类在其神经发展过程中近期出现的一次进化的结果。v建议：注意定语从句。15-4：左脑之忧 Left Hemispheric DominancevThe brain is divided into two roughly symmetrical hemispheres which appear to specialized in handli
23、ng various tasks.Current evidence suggests that in most individuals,the left hemisphere has primary responsibility for language,while the right hemisphere controls visual and spatial skills as well as the perception of nonlinguistic sounds and musical melodies.v大脑可分为两个大致对称的、各司其职的半球。据目前所知，大多数人的左半球主要负
24、责语音行为，而右半球则掌管着与视觉和空间相关的技能，以及对非语言声音和音乐旋律的感知。v建议：英语较为平实，而翻译成汉语要注意信、达、雅。15-4：左脑之忧 Left Hemispheric DominancevIt is believed that left brain dominance for linguistic functions appears to exit prior to birth and this linguistic asymmetry is maintained throughout life.v据说左半脑的语言功能优势似乎在婴儿出生前便已存在了，而且这种大脑的语言不对称现象伴随人的终身。v建议：按照句子顺序进行翻译。
