1、定语从句 定语定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词分词、不不定式定式、介词短语介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例）例：The girl behind the tree is Kate.The man driving too fast was a drunk.在英语中，修饰名词名词或代词代词的句子句子叫定语从句。例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.The man who was driving too fast was a drunk.1.定语从句的概念定语从句的概念2.定语从句的构成要素定语从句的构成要素先行词（被修饰的名词或
2、代词）先行词（被修饰的名词或代词）引导词：关系代词或关系副词引导词：关系代词或关系副词注意注意:从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系的关系eg:This is the factory where he works.3.引导词引导词关系词的分类关系词的分类关系代关系代/副词副词指代指代成分成分who人人主语主语/宾语宾语whom人人宾语宾语whose人人/物物定语定语that人人/物物主语主语/宾语宾语/表语表语which事事/物物主语主语/宾语宾语/表语表语as人人/事事/物物主语主语/宾语宾语/表语表语when时间时间(物物)状语状语where地点地点(物物)状语状语w
3、hy原因原因(物物)状语状语4.定语从句的考查方向定语从句的考查方向:引导词的考查引导词的考查理解掌握几个区分理解掌握几个区分:区分区分that 和和which 区分区分as和和which 区分定语从句和状语从句区分定语从句和状语从句 区分定语从句和名词性从句区分定语从句和名词性从句 区分定语从句和强调句型区分定语从句和强调句型先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last等词修饰。等词修饰。1.下面情况只用下面情况只用that不用不用which和和whom:I watched all the glasses were on the table fall
4、 off the table.The parks are the clearest parks you can imagine Corn was not the only food was taken to Europe They talked about things and persons they remembered.Who is the person you just talked with?The village is no longer the one it was 5 years ago.There are many apples are very delicious.that
5、 that先行词为先行词为much,little,none,someone,something等不定代词。等不定代词。先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。that that 先行词既有人也有物。先行词既有人也有物。that以以who/which开头的疑问句。开头的疑问句。that 先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。that在在there be 句型中，指物只用句型中，指物只用that。that 和和which 的区别的区别12.下面情况不用下面情况不用that:This is the book about w
6、e are talking now Tom studies hard and is ready to help others,his parents expect.Whats that is flying in the sky?which介词后面：介词后面：which非限性定语从句中：非限性定语从句中：当先行词本身是当先行词本身是that时：时：whichthat和和which的区别的区别2which和和as的区别的区别1.Tom has made much progress,_makes me very happy.3._ is often the case,we have worked o
7、ut the production plan.4._ I explained on the phone,your request will be considered at the next meeting.5.He married Mary,we expected.6.He married Mary,we didnt expected.7.Lets read such books will make them better.8.He will give you such information will help you.AsAsasasaswhichwhich as 和和which在引导非
8、限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。不可。as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，常可翻代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，常可翻译为译为“正如，正像正如，正像”；而；而which常译为常译为“这一点，这件事这一点，这件事”在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词被在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词被as,so,the same,s
9、uch 修饰时，关系代词常用修饰时，关系代词常用as总结：总结：which和和as的区别的区别介词关系代词介词关系代词which/whom1.He built a telescope he could study the skies.2.The glasses,Ill be blind,is lost.3.Ill never forget the day I joined the army.4.Do you know the man you just shook hands?5.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could
10、 turn for help.6.He washed ten windows,_hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.through whichwithout whichon whichwith whomto whommost of which1.He was late again,_case he was blamed.2.He stayed in London for ten years,_ time he picked up some French.比较：1.He was late again,and in that case he2.He sta
11、yed in London for ten years,and during that time he in which during which1.Do you still remember the days _ we spent in Qingdao?2.Do you still remember the days _ we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao?用that,when,why,where,which填空1.I want to know the date,_you were born.2.I have forgotten the date
12、_ you told me.3.Do you know the reason _ he is absent today?4.That is the reason_I want to know.5.This is the factory _ his father works.6.This is the factory _ his father built.that/whichwhenwhenthat/whichwhywhich/thatwherethat/which1.We have found a way _ is useful.2.The way _ he explained to us w
13、as quite simple.3.The way _ he explained the sentences to us was not difficult.4.It is a job _ you can find something interesting and significant.5.She often has no such occasion _ she can spare some time for his children.6.We have reached a point _ we should make an immediate decision for it.7.Peop
14、le often meet such cases _ they have no idea what to do.that/which/不填that/in which/不填that/whichwherewhenwherewhere1.(2008,山东)Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A.who B.which C.why D.when2.(2007,陕西)Today,well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to
15、 use the language properly.A.which B.as C.why D.where3.(2009,浙江)I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.which B.where C.how D.why4.(2009,福建)Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.A.That B.when C.which D.where DDBD温馨提示：定语从句中通常爱出现的及物和不及物动词有：定语从句中通常爱出现的及物和不及物动词有：vt:give;visit;spend;explain;tell;take;buy;use;make;build;have;get;devote;enjoyvi:work;live;stay;study;remain;sit;lie;stand;exist;go;come定语从句做题三大步骤：定语从句做题三大步骤：1.分析句子结构，找出主句和从句；2.找出先行词（即被修饰的词）；3.分析从句，缺什么就补什么。
