1、Revision:Lesson 14 Do you speak English?Special difficulties:Key structure:过去完成时(9AUnit5):时间状语从句中，如果两个动作都发生在过去，同时发生，要用过去进行时态；如果一先一后发生，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。ask&ask for except&except for&besides&apart from either of&neither of&both of&all ofExercises:1.The man of_experience said he had_very inter
2、esting experience the other day.A./;/B.a;/C./;a D.a;a2.He_in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A.works B.had worked C.will work D.has worked3.I like_of the books,that is,I dont like_of the designs.A.either;neither B.neither;one C.neither;either D.either;both4.We _(paint)the house
3、 before we _(move)in.5.That rich old man _(make)a will before he _(die).6.The robbers _(run away)before the policemen _ (arrive).7.Paul _ _ (go)out with Jane after he _ _ _(turn off)the light.8.When I _(arrive)at the station,he _(leave).had paintedmovedhad madediedhad run awayarrivedwenthad turned o
4、ffarrivedhad left secretary n.秘书(英）大臣，（美）部长secret n.秘密 tell a secret keep a secret the secret of success an open secret secret adj.秘密的，保密的，不公开的 a secret marriage a secret document secret(秘密秘密)+ary（人）（人）=secretary（秘书）（秘书）secretary n.秘书，书记a private secretary Secretary-general 秘书长Secretary of State （美）
5、国务卿nervous 精神紧张的The exam is coming,so I feel very nervous.adj.担忧的，紧张的 I felt very nervous when I went into his office.当我走进他的办公室时，我感到很紧张。Get nervous 变得紧张 I always get so nervous about going on stage.我上台就会变得很紧张。Dont be nervous!别紧张！afford fd 担负得起 I have a lot of money,so I could afford an apartment.v.买
6、得起，经受得住，承担得起 afford sth:e.g.I can afford the book.afford money/time:e.g.I can afford five yuan.afford to do sth:e.g.I can afford to buy the book.(注意：一定要加情态动词can)They took a bus because they couldnt afford to take a taxi.StrongWeak adj.弱的wik Weak adj.1.弱的,虚弱的;衰弱的She is still weak after her long illne
7、ss.久病之后她仍很虚弱。2.软弱的,懦弱的;优柔寡断的He is a man of weak character.他这个人性格软弱。3.(能力等)弱的,差的(+at/in)He was weak in mathematics,but good at English.a weak building 一座不牢固的建筑 a weak smile 一个淡淡的微笑 weak sunlight 微弱的阳光New Word-5 Interrupt ntrpt v.1.打断(讲话或讲话人)Interrupt sb 打断某人的话 Dont interrupt me.It is rude to interrup
8、t.打断别人的话是不礼貌的。You interrupted my thoughts.2.中断;遮断;阻碍Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm.市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。Extra ekstradj.额外的 extra time 加时赛 The football match went into extra time.extra work 额外工作 extra pay for extra work 额外工作的额外报酬n.号外，临时演员 He worked as an extra for three years.Key words and
9、 expressions 秘书秘书 感到紧张感到紧张 进入他的办公室进入他的办公室 从他的桌子抬头看从他的桌子抬头看 进入进入 负担得起做某事负担得起做某事 薪水薪水 用微弱的声音用微弱的声音 插话，打断插话，打断 收到收到secretaryfeel nervousgo into his officelook up from his deskenterafford to do sthsalaryin a weak voiceinterruptreceivetext The secretary told me that Mr.Harmsworth would see me.Would在这里不单单
10、指过去将来时，更表示想，要 例：What would you like to have?He did not look up from his desk when I entered.look up表示先埋头干什么，之后抬头看。(查字典）反义词：look down 向下看 He looked up(from his book)when he heard a noise.The little boy looked up at his father with wild eyes.Students can look up the new words in the dictionary.look do
11、wn on/upon sb.瞧不起某人（词义非常重）We shouldnt look down upon others.look around look around look outlook out He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.pay salary 支付薪水支付薪水 collect salary 领薪水领薪水 1）such+a/an+形容词可数名词单数so+形容词a/an+可数名词单数；2）so+many/few+可数名词复数，但：such+其他形容词（many/few除外）可数名词
12、复数；3）so+much/little+不可数名词，但：such+其他形容词（much/little除外）不可数名词 so,such区别区别:He is so kind(a man)that everyone likes him.He walked so fast that I couldnt catch up with him.He is such a kind man that everyone likes him.They are such kind people that everyone likes them.Ive never eaten such delicious food.s
13、o+adj./adv.+(可数名词单数可数名词单数)such+a/an+(adj.)+可数名词单数可数名词单数such+(adj.)+不可数名词不可数名词such+(adj.)+可数名词复数可数名词复数Practice:用so,such 填空 1.He is _a good student that we all like him.2.He is _good a student that we all like him.3.It was _bad weather that he had to stay at home.4.Ive had _many falls than Im black an
14、d blue all over.5.The story is _ amusing that everyone is amused.suchsuchsososoTwenty people had already left.I knew that my turn had come.有20个人己经离去,我知道这次该轮到我了。My turn has come.（书面语）Its my turn.（口语）Mr.Harmsworth,I said in a weak voice.Dont interrupt,he said.哈姆斯沃斯先生我无力地说。不要打断我的话他说。in a.voice in a lou
15、d/low/weak/strong voice（low:音量低；weak:心里不塌实，微弱的声音；strong强有力的声音）Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!一千英镑 a thousand pounds 两千英镑 two thousand pounds 额外的一千英镑 an extra thousand pounds 额外的两千英镑 two extra thousand pounds 数词数词+extra+名词名词“额外的额外的.”Please give me two extra
16、 ice-creams.On Sundays,I usually get some extra sleep.Lesson 15 Grammar 直接引语和间接引语 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech1.He said that business was very bad.2.He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.3.He said:“Dont interrupt.”4.He smiled and told me I would receive an extra t
17、housand pounds a year!第3句和其他几句有什么区别?直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语Direct Speech and Indirect Speech 直接引述直接引述别人的话，叫“直接引语直接引语”;用自己的话转述转述别人的话叫“间接引语间接引语”;直接引语一般前后要加引号;间接引语不用引号。如:John said,“I like reading very much.”John said that he liked reading very much.把直接引语变为间接引语时，可用动词say,tell,后面可跟人名或者代词，然后以that引导宾语从句。在动词say后，
18、that可省略。在转变时，有几点需要注意：直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)陈述句陈述句Jane said,“Im very happy to help you.”简说：简说：“我我很高兴能够帮助你。很高兴能够帮助你。”that引导的宾语从句Jane said that she was very happy to help you.简说，她很高兴能帮助你。2.1 陈述句Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语不同句式的转换规则直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般疑问句一般疑问句He asked me,“Do you like pla
19、ying basketball?”他问我：他问我：“你喜欢打篮球吗你喜欢打篮球吗？”whether/if 引导的宾语从句He asked me if/whether I liked playing basketball.他问我，我是否喜欢打篮球。2.2 疑问句Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语不同句式的转换规则直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句My sister asked me,“What do you think of the film?”他问我：他问我：“你感觉这部电影怎么你感觉这部电影怎么样样？”wh-词引导的宾语从句My sis
20、ter asked me what I thought of the film.他问我，我对这部电影感觉怎么样。2.3 特殊疑问句Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语不同句式的转变规则直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)祈使句祈使句He said，“Be seated,please.”他对我们说：他对我们说：“请坐。请坐。”带 to 的不定式He asked us to be seated.他请我们坐下。2.4 祈使句Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语不同句式的转变规则 转换中的要点1-人称的转换Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语 1 直接引语中的第
21、一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：He said，“I am very sorry.”He said that he was very sorry.2 直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：“You should be more careful next time,”my father told me.My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.转换中的要点1-人称的转换Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语3 直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：Sh
22、e said to her son,“Ill check your homework tonight.”She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.4 人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等。如：He asked me,“Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?”He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a
23、 friend of his that afternoon.总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般现在时一般现在时“I know it,”he said.一般过去时He said that he knew it.转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换1Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)现在进行时现在进行时“Im making coffee for you all,”she said.过去进行时She said she was making co
24、ffee for us all.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换2Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般过去时一般过去时“I saw her last Monday,”he said.过去完成时He said he had seen her the previous Monday.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换3Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)过去进行时过去进行时“I was waiting for Jim,”she said.过去完成进行
25、时She said she had been waiting for Jim.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换4Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)现在完成时现在完成时“I have seen her before,”said he.过去完成时He said he had seen her before.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换5Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)现在完成进行时现在完成进行时He said,“I have been doi
26、ng it for hours.”过去完成进行时He said he had been doing it for hours.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换6Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)过去完成时过去完成时“Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?”Jack asked.过去完成时Jack asked if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died.
27、2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换7Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般将来时一般将来时He said:“We shall start tomorrow.”过去将来时He said they would start the next day.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换8Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下从句的时态不变:1.不变的真理不变的真理 The teacher said to the students,“Water freezes when the tempe
28、rature falls below 0.”The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.2.7 转换中的要点总结3-特例说明1Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下从句的时态不变:2.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，如：当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，如：He always says,“I am tired out.”He always says that he is tired out.2.7 转换中的要点总结3-特例说明2Gram
29、mer-2 直接引语转换间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下从句的时态不变:3.当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：He will say,“Ill try my best to help you.”He will say that he will try his best to help me.2.7 转换中的要点总结3-特例说明3Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语1.He asked _ for the computer.A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay
30、D.how much I paid2.“Have you seen the film?”he asked me.He asked me _.A.had I seen the film B.have I seen the film C.if I have seen the film D.whether I had seen the film3.“Please close the window,”he said to me.He _ me _ the window.A.said to;to close B.told to;closing C.asked;to close D.said to;ple
31、ase close4.“I am a teacher,”Jack said.He said _.A.that I am a teacher B.I was a teacher C.that he is a teacher D.he was a teacherExercise-2 单项选择 5.He said,“Mother,the boy is very naughty.”He _-very naughty.A.said his mother that the boy was B.said to his mother that the boy is C.told his mother that
32、 the boy was D.spoke to his mother that the boy was 6.“Youve already got well,havent you?”she asked.She asked _.A.if I have already got well,hadnt you B.whether I had already got well C.have I already got well D.had I already got well.Exercise-2 单项选择 7.He asked,“Are you a Party member or a League me
33、mber?”He asked me _.A.am I a Party member or a League member B.was I a Party member or a League member C.if I was a Party member or a League member D.whether was I a Party member or a League member.8.He asked,“How are you getting along?”He asked _.A.how am I getting along B.how are you getting along
34、 C.how I was getting along D.how was I getting alongExercise-2 单项选择Exercise-3 填空 1.“I never eat meat.”he said.He said that _ never _ meat.2.“Ive found my wallet.”he said to me.He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3.“I took it home with me.”she said.She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4.The teacher said,“Th
35、e sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.Exercise-3 填空 5.“I met her yesterday.”he said to me.He _ me that he _ met the day _.6.“You must come here before five.”he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7.“I bought the ho
36、use 10 years ago.”he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.8.“Did you see her last week?”he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _ 9.He said,“You can sit here,Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there1.Lucy says,“Kate has a cat.”2.Tom said,“My mother is cooking.”3.Mike says,“Our teacher likes fi
37、sh.”4.Lily said,“We will go to school by car.”5.Sam says,“I want to see Mr Green.”Lucy says that Kate has a cat.Tom said that his mother was cooking.Mike says that their teacher likes fish.Lily said that they would go to school by car.Sam says that he wants to see Mr Green.1、我知道你是对的。、我知道你是对的。2、Mary告
38、诉我她已经完成了家庭作业。告诉我她已经完成了家庭作业。3、我听说（、我听说（hear）她明天将会去香港。）她明天将会去香港。4、我想、我想Jim现在正在听音乐。现在正在听音乐。5、Lisa说说Ken昨天没有去学校。昨天没有去学校。试试 一一 试试I know/knew that you are/were right.Mary told me that she had already done her homework.I heard that she would go to Hong Kong tomorrow.I think Jim is listening to the music now
39、.Lisa says that Ken didnt go to school yesterday.一.句型之间的转换 1He said:“Ive left my book in my room.”2She said:“He will be busy.”3She said to Tom,“Can you help me?”4She asked,“Is this book yours or his?”5The teacher asked,“how did you repair it?”Exercise-1 句型转换练习一.句型之间的转换 6The teacher said to the stude
40、nts,“Dont waste your time.”7The mother said,“Tom,get up early,please.”8The teacher said,“The earth goes round the sun.”9My father said,“Practice makes perfect.”10The boy said to us,“I usually get up at six every day.”Exercise-1 句型转换练习 答案：答案：1 He told me that he had left his book in his room.2 She sa
41、id that he would be busy.3 She asked Tom if/whether he could help her.4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6 The teacher told the students not to waste their time.7 The mother asked Tom to get up early.8 The teacher said that the earth goes ro
42、und the sun.9 My father said practice makes perfect.10 The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.The _ told me that Mr.Harmsworth _ see me.I felt very _when I _ into his office.He did not look up _ his desk when I _.After I had sat down,he said that _ was very bad.He told me that the firm
43、_ not afford to pay _ large salaries._ people had already left.I knew that _ turn had come.I said _ a weak voice:“Mr.Harmsworth.”But he told me not to _ him.Then he _ and told me I would _ an extra thousand pounds _ year!secretarywouldnervouswentfromenteredbusinesscouldsuchTwentymyininterruptsmiledreceivea
