1、高考英语倒装句知识点总结梳理高考英语倒装句知识点梳理一、知识框架二、知识点讲解l 倒装句型（一）、全部倒装把谓语全部提到主语前面，叫全部倒装。主要有：1.there be 句型：可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外，还可用 live，happen，exist，remain，stand等等作这类句型的谓语。如：There are many students in the classroom.教室里有许多学生。Long, long ago there lived a king who loved horses very much.很久很久以前，有一位国王，他非常喜欢马。There happened t
2、o be nobody in the bedroom when the fire broke out.起火的时候，碰巧房间里面没有人。2.Here/There/Nowvi.（常为come, go）主语（必须是名词）此句型中here/there用来唤起注意意思是喂，注意了。如：Here comes Mary. I can see Mary coming.玛丽来了。There goes the bell. 铃响了。I can hear the bell ringing.Here comes the bus.汽车来了。There he comes.他来了。这种句型不能用现在进行时。here句中也可用
3、系动词。如：Here are some story books I want. Here is what you asked for，or you are looking for.这就是我要的故事书。（我找了好久）Here we are. This is the station.咱们到了，这就是火车站。“Give me some paper.” “Here you are.给我点纸。” “给你。”3.then引起谓语为 come，follow的句子。如：Then came a new difficulty. 然后产生了一个新的困难。Then followed eight years of th
4、e Anti-Japanese War.接着是八年抗战。4.out，in，up, down，away之类的副词作状语放在句首，主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词，谓语为不及物动词come， go，run ,rush，etc。句式为：副词vi.主语（必须是名词）。如：a. Out rushed the tiger from among the bushes.老虎从灌木丛里冲了出来。b. In came the rose fragrance through the windows.玫瑰花香透过窗户飘了进来。5.介词短语作状语放在句首，谓语为不及物动词，主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的
5、人称代词。句式为：介词短语vi.主语（必须是名词）。如：In the middle of our school stands a high building.在学校中央有一座高楼。6.直接引语中的倒装c. 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，它的主语（说话人）和谓语（引述动词）常要倒装。d. 但当主语是代词或谓语动词含有助动词时，一般不倒装。e. 另外，如果谓语比主语长，或是它后面有宾语时，一般也不倒装。例：1)“Will you please carry it for you”? said the old man2)“Please do me a favour”, he said.3)“He
6、is a liar. You cant trust him.” said Tom. 4）“I am hungry”，she had said.7.表语放在句首，表语常为形容词、分词、副词、介词短语。要求主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为：表语系动词主语（必须是名词）。Gone are the days when the teachers were looked down upon.老师地位低下的年代一去不复返了。On the both sides of the street are beautiful flowers.街道两旁有美丽的花。South of city are t
7、wo big lakes.城市的两边有两个大湖。（二）、部分倒装只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。主要有：1.only副词/ 介词短语/ 状语从句开头的句子。如：Only then did I realize the importance of English.直到那时我才意识到英语的重要性。Only in this way can you make progress in your English.只有通过这种方式你学英语才会取得进步。注意：）在only状语从句主句结构中，主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。）only修饰主语，不倒装。特别提示：副词only置于句首， 强调方
8、式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进行部分倒装。 但若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是only+宾语等，通常则无需倒装。Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.在被邀请了三次之后，他才出席会议。Only in this way can you master English.只有用这种方式你才能掌握英语。 Only when he returned did we find out the truth.只有当他返回时，我们才能发现真相。2.否定词（短语）开头的句子要用部分倒装。表示否定的副词never，nor
9、，neither,表示半否定意义的副词hardly，few，seldom，little，含有no和not的词组by no means（决不），in no time（很快），at no time（在任何时候都不），（在任何情况下都不）not until，not only.but also，no sooner.thanhardly.when/scarcely.即否定词助动词/情态动词主语其他。如：Never have I been in this city.我从没到过这座城市。Little/Seldom do I watch TV.我很少看电视。Not until I began to work
10、did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我参加了工作我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。常见放在句首的否定词By no means, in no case, in no way, on no consideration, under no circumstances, in no circumstances 表示决不 barely 简直没有 hardly 几乎不 scarcely 几乎不 never 从不 rarely 很少 little 几乎没有;一点也不seldom 很少 only 只有 not 不，没有notuntil 直到才 nowhere 没有地
11、方，无处 not a bit 一点也不 not onlybut also 不但而且例：1）Barely does he have enough money to live on. =He barely has enough money to live on.2) By no means is translation easy.=Translation is by no means easy.3)Little did I think that I would lose the game.=I didnt think at all that I would lose the game.(注：这里n
12、ot at all=little 译为：一点也不)在上面表格所列到的否定词中，有几个词是强调两个动作的紧密相接，说明如下：a. hardlywhen 一就例：Hardly did he see me when he ran away. =As soon as he saw me, he ran away.b. scarcelywhen 一就例：Scarcely had the baby cried when the nurse rushed to carry him.c. no soonerthan 一就例：No sooner had they reached home than it rai
13、ned. =It rained as soon as they reached home.d. not onlybut also 不但而且例：1）No only did I make a promise, but I also kept it. =I not only made a promise, but (also)I kept it. 2)Not only is he a scientist, but also he is a painter.注意：1)关联词的搭配。2)前一分句倒装，后一分句不倒装。3.以so开头，用 so助动词/情态动词/系动词主语表示前面叙述的情况也适合于另一个人或
14、物，意为也，同样，也如此。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物，用neither/nor助动词/情态动词/系动词主语。 Society has changed and so have the people in it.社会变了，人也变了。注意：1)当so表示对前句内容的肯定、符合，或进一步强调前面所说的情况，或者赞同前面的说法时，应用自然语序。意为 的确，正是。Tom works hard.汤姆工作很卖力。So he does and so do you.的确如此，你也是。2）倒装部分的助动词、情态动词、连系动词的时态和形式要与前句相一致。If you dont go，neither/n
15、or shall I.（If you dont go，I shall not go.）你不去，我也不去。注意：表示前面的多种情况也适合于另一人或物，或者既有肯定又有否定情况或涉及到不同类型的动词时可用：It is the same with sth./sb.或 So it is with sth./sb.句型。She does well in English，but is poor in maths. So it is with Lucy.她英语学得好，但数学学得差，露茜也是如此。4.由as引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置。句式为：表语/状语/动词原形as主语其他。如：Clever as h
16、e is，he doesnt study well.虽然他很聪明，但他学习不好。Child as he is， he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得不少事情。Much as I like it，I wont buy it.虽然我非常喜欢它，但我不买。Try as she might， she failed.虽然她试过了，但还是失败了。注意：表语前的名词无形容词修饰时冠词要省略5. 在so/such.that句式中，如果so或such及其所修饰的成分置于句首时，其主句要部分倒装。So loudly did he speak that everyone could hear hi
17、m.他讲话声音足够大，以至于每个人都能听得见。 Such good use does he make of his spare time that his English has improved a lot.6.如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were，should ，were可以把if省略而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装。If it hadnt been for their help，we couldnt have finished the work on time.Hadnt it been for their help，we couldnt have finished the work o
18、n time.要不是由于他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成那项工作。If there should be a flood，what would we do?Should there be a flood，what would we do?要是发了洪水，我们该怎么办呢？Were you a fish, the cat would eat you.=If you were a fish, the cat would eat you.7.频度副词及短语often，always，now and then ，many a time ，every other day等放在句首时有时也倒装。Many a tim
19、e has he come to comfort me.他来安慰了我好多次。Often did he warn them not to do so.他经常告诫他们不要那样去做。8.某些表示祝愿句子也用倒状语序。May you succeed.祝你成功！Long live the Communist Party of China!中国共产党万岁！l 高考高频词汇精选背诵（I字母）1. identify2. income3. irregular4. insure5. ignorant6. indicate7. initiative8. intense9. illegal10. individual
20、11. innocent12. intention13. illustrate14. indifferent15. innovation16. interact17. imitate18. inevitable19. inquire20. interpret21. involve22. infect23. insert24. interrupt25. implement26. invisible27. inspect28. issue29. imply30. ingredient31. inspire32. investigate33. impose34. inherit35. install
21、36. inferior37. isolate38. initial39. instinct40. inhabitant专题练习u 选择题1. _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. A. So curious the couple wasB. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious2. Only after talking
22、 to two students _ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.A. I did discoverB. did I discoverC. I discoveredD. discovered3. Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!_， madam. Its our soup of the day.A. Let me see B. So it isC. Dont mention it D. Neither do
23、 I4. Not until recently _ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.A. they had encouragedB. had they encouragedC. did they encourageD. they encouraged5. Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means_with my progress.A. the teacher is not satisfied B.is the teache
24、r not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfied D.is the teacher satisfied6. John opened the door. There _ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl7. _ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.A. Did he catch B. should be catc
25、h C. has he caught D. Had he caught8. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_, one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies ChongqingB. Chongqing liesC. does lie ChongqingD. does Chongqing lie9._ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they ha
26、d a picnic in the forest. A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring 10. Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this city D. this city was4. - How was th
27、e televised debate last night?- Super! Rarely _ so much media attention. A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate5. Just in front of our house _ with a history of 1,000 years. A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall treeC. a tall tree is standing
28、 D. a tall tree stands6. Did you see who the driver was?No, so quickly _ that I couldnt gat a good look at his face.Adid the car speed by Bthe car sped byCdoes the car speed by Dthe car speeds by 7. So much of interest _ that most visitors simply fun out of time before seeing it all. A. offers Beiji
29、ng B. Beijing offersC. does Beijing offer D. Beijing does offer 答案：1-5 BBBCD 6-10 DDABA 11-14 BBACu 完成句子1. _(as, strange, may, sound, it), I was very pleased it was over.2. Short _(it, is，as), Chinas first space class conveys so much knowledge and is certainly of great importance.3. _had she begun_
30、she heard someone running up the stairs.4. _(I, spend) more time on my studies instead of being addicted to computer games, I would be working in a chain company of Microsoft.5. Under no circumstances_(you, leave) the door to the Data Centre unlocked.I promise Ill be more careful in future.6. Only w
31、hen the last tree has died and the last river has been poisoned_(we，realize) we cannot eat money.7. If a healthy environment is gone, _ everything that our life depends on.（也如此)8Only after talking to two students _ I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching go
32、als.答案及解析：1.Strange as it may sound【解析】句意：尽管这听起来有点怪，但是我很开心它结束了。as引导让步状语从句时，意为虽然，尽管，从句用部分倒装的形式，即形容词/副词/零冠词的名词/动词原形等as主语。2. as it is【解析】as 引导让步状语从句时，应使用部分倒装，将表语或状语提到句首。句意: 尽管时间很短，中国首堂太空课传递了很多知识，意义十分重大。3.No sooner; than/Hardly; when【解析】考查固定结构。hardly.when., no sooner.than.意为一就。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。另外，当把har
33、dly/no sooner置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。4.Had I spent【解析】考查虚拟语气和特殊句式。由句意可知，逗号前为条件虚拟语气句，从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故从句谓语动词用had过去分词，当从句中省略了引导词if时，从句用部分倒装，即将助动词had提到从句的主语之前，句子还原为：If I had spent more time on my studies instead of being addicted to computer games. 5.should you leave【解析】考查倒装句。句意：你无论如何都不能不锁数据中心的门就走了。我答应你下次我会注意的
34、。under no circumstance相当于in no case/in no way/on no account/by no means/never，意为决不，置于句首时，句子要部分倒装，即：将助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。若句中没有助动词或情态动词，则需要添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语前。由语境可知，此处有责怪的意思，情态动词应用should。6.will we realize【解析】考查倒装。当only强调状语且位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。如：Only by working hard can you make progress.You can make progr
35、ess only by working hard.只有努力才能取得进步。7.so is【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：如果有益于健康的环境消失了，我们生活所依赖的一切也将消失。根据语境可知，前面提到的事也适用于后面的事物，且为肯定含义，因此用so助动词主语结构。8.did【解析】考查倒装。当only强调状语且位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。u 高考核心词汇检测1. He visited his parents at _intervals.A. invisible B.inevitable C. initial D. irregular2. Washington, a state in the Unit
36、ed States, was named _ one of the greatest American presidents. A. in favour of B. in the hope of C. in honour of D. by means of3. The computer will _ your fingerprints before it allows you to enter the building. A. justify B.isolate C. identify D. imagine4. The _ the bell rang, the teacher walked i
37、nto the classroom. A. immediately B. hurriedly C. lately D. instant5. Dont _ your carelessness. It may lead to serious problems. A. improve B. investigate C. invest D. ignore6. - How was Roberts cooking? - Oh, pretty good. I was quite _ .A. insured B. interested C. impressed D. inspired7. - How come
38、 a simple meal like this cost so much?- We have _ in your bill the cost of the teapot you broke.A. insured B. included C. involved D. installed8. One of the consequences of our planets being warming up is a(n) _ in the number of natural disasters. A. infect B. increase C. intention D. income9. The b
39、ell _ the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting C. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted 10. The manager promised to keep me _ of how our business was going on. A. informed B. imposed C. issued D. informative11. Always rea
40、d the _on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. A. implements B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions12. Im sorry, Henry. It wasnt my _ to cause a quarrel between you and Tony. A. meaning B. illustration C. intention D. attention13. At the end of every sentence, teache
41、r will give us a ten-second _ to write down what we have heard. A. interval B. inspectation C. imitation D. injection14. The food was so _ that the child couldnt help tasting it.A. inviting B. imposing C. rewarding D. demanding15. _ is needed to make crops grow in dry regions.A. insurance B. invasio
42、n C. irrigation D. instrument16. There is a new problem _ in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need to be improved. A. involved B. included C. involving D. influenced17. The international agreement, _ to encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on
43、February 27. A. intended B. inspired C. intending D. inspiring 18. If you_ a statement or a warning, you make it known formally or publicly.A. imitate B. inquire C. insert D. issue19. We _ from our parents many of our physical characteristicsA. interact B. interpret C.inherit D. imply20. Even at school, he showed he had a (an) _ for (= was naturally good at) business.A. intelligence B. ingredient C. instinct D. inhabitant答案：15. DCCDD 610.CBBBA
