1、U3基础知识梳理（下）在这样的环境中，我们可以 环境污染在这样的环境中，我们。面对这种情景，我们情何以堪？我们能为阻止这些事情做些什么？ 一、词汇Words1. postcard n 明信片.(1) postcard用作名词，表示“明信片”之意，可数，其复数形式是 . 例：我请他寄一张明信片给那位交流生。 2. key n 钥匙，答案，键，关键key用作名词，意为“钥匙；答案；关键”，其复数形式是 。（1） key表示“钥匙”之意时，常用 “这个门的钥匙”固定搭配。例：我没有前门的钥匙。 （2） key表示“答案”之意时，常用 “这个问题答案”固定搭配。例：我知道第一个问题的答案。 （3） k
2、ey表示“键”之意时，是指电脑、打字机、钢琴等“键盘上”的“键”。例:这个键盘上有六排键。 （4） key 也可以用作名词，表示“关键”性的人或人事。例：那个人可能是这个学校的关键人物。 3.ring n 环，圈；戒指（1）ring用作名词，表示“环；圈；戒指”，是可数名词，其复数形式是 例：桌子上的指环不是我的。 （2）ring用作名词，也可以表示“打电话”之意，常用 “给某人打电话”固定搭配。 例：他经常星期天给我打电话。 4. all over 到处，遍及（1） all over 表示“到处”之意时，与副词everywhere 意义接近。 例：孩子们全身都湿透了。 （2） all ove
3、r 表示“遍及”之意时，相当于介词throughout ,后面要接名词、代词等作宾语： “全世界”.例：全中国已经发生了巨大的变化。 全世界的儿童都喜欢看电视。（all over） _5. raise vt 饲养，使升高（1） raise ，及物动词，表示“饲养”，后接“饲养”的动物名称。例： 妈妈养了很多猪。 （2） raise ，及物动词，也可表示“使升高”，后接“使升高”的人、物等。例： 最后他提高了声音。 批注：辨析 rise, raiserise（rose, risen）vi. 上升，升起, 升高；上涨；站起来。说明主语自身移向较高位置，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、蒸汽、河水、温度、物
4、价以及人的职位等，无被动语态。 如：The moon has risen above the hills. 月亮已经从山上升起。The river has risen by several meters.河水上涨了好几米。raise vt. 举起，提起；抬高；筹集。说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其它事物的，往往有使物体达到其应有的高度的含义。可用于被动语态。如： Heavy rain raised the river stage. 暴雨使河水水位升高。The boss promised to raise her salary.老板答应要给她加薪水。 典例讲解：I. 用上述动词的正确形式完成下列句
5、子。1. He _ and walked to the window. 2. He _ his hat to me as a sign of respect.3. The birds also attack crops when the opportunity _.4. The peoples living standard has greatly been _.5. Her temperature is still _.6.drive vt & vi 驾车送(人)，驾驶drive用作及物动词，意为“驾车送(人),驾驶”，后接人时,表示“驾车送”，后接车时,表示“驾驶”。 例1 我现在就驾车送
6、你们到学校去。 例2 我爸爸每天驾车送我去学校。 批注：有关drive的短语。drive off 驱散, 击退, 赶走 drive at 意指, 打算 drive out 逐出, 乘车出去, drive away (把车)开走, 赶走 drive home 开车送回家, 传达 7.smell vt. 嗅，闻到 n. 气味（1）smell用作及物动词，表示“嗅，闻到”之意。后面直接跟被闻到的人或物。 例 这个男的闻到了桌上鱼的味道。 （3） smell 用作名词，表示“气味”，指物体的气味时，不可数；表示各种各样的气味的时候，是可数名词。 例1 一些话有很强的气味。 例2 肉里发出的味道很难闻。
7、 二、重要句型Important Sentences structures1. I would like to take the boys to our schools football field. 。 意为“带某人到某地去”。动词take 表示“引领，带领”之意。 例：我将要带你去运动场。 例如：米莉会把你带到学校图书馆去的，你不要担心_批注：拓展有关take的短语如：take care 照顾 take away 带走 take off 起飞;脱下 take a holiday 度假2. Neils mother is calling him from the UK. 。 call 用作动
8、词，与telephone 用法一样表示“打电话给某人”。常用 “从某地打电话给某人“。 例：今天下午我将从我的新公寓打电话给你。 3. You can learn all about old China at the museum. 。 了解有关某物或某人的事情。 例: 我们了解到有关长城的许多情况。 4. Im going to show you around my hometown. 意为“带领某人参观”例： 我不知道谁将会带领我参观。 带领来访者参观我们的城市是我的职责 _批注：拓展一些有关于show的词组：show off 卖弄, 炫耀 陈列; 使显眼 show oneself 出现,
9、 露面 show up 到席, 露面; 显眼; 暴露; 揭发; 嘲笑; 使人难堪5. People here know each other. 意为“互相”。常用短语有 “互相帮助”； “互相了解”； “互相学习”； “互相交谈”等。 例：李磊和王洪互相了解。 我们应该互相学习互相帮助 _Gramma名词所有格与物主代词a ： 名词所有格有生命的名词所有格：1 单数名词所有格加 s Miss greens coat Toms book2 复数名词所有格以s, es结尾的加“ ” the twins bedroom Teachers Day3 某些特殊名词的复数如 women, children
10、, 所有格加“s” Womens Day Childrens Day4 表示某物体为两人共有的，在最后一个名词后加s， 各自所有的，两个名词后面都要加s Jim and Kates house(单数) Janes and Toms books（复数）5 有些复合名词如 son-in-law 女婿 sister-in-law 嫂子，所有格在最后加s 6 特殊用法：(1)表示某人的家， 店铺时，所有格后的名词常省略 在王先生家 at Mr Wangs(省略home) 在医生的诊所 at the doctors(省略hospital)(2) ten minutes work 十分钟的路程无生命的名词
11、所有格用，通常用 of+名词the gate of the school the center of the cityb 物主代词的用法my mineyour yoursour ours 后面不加名词their + 名词 theirshis hisher hersitsGramma练习一、填空人称代词主格he they 宾格her 物主代词形容词性物主代词myyour名词性物主代词yoursours二、用适当的物主代词填空。例如：whose wallet is it? Its my wallet .Its mine .1. whose watch is it? Its _(她的) wallet
12、 . Its_(她的).2. Is it _(你的)wallet? No, its not _(我的).Its _(他的).3. Is this _(你的)diary? No, its not _(我的)._(我的) is black.4. Is Miss Li _ (他们的) English teacher?Yes, shes _(他们的).5. Whose rulers are these? Are they _(你们的)?No,they arent _(我们的)rulers._(我们的) are over there.三、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上画圈。1. This is（my
13、/ I）mother.2. Nice to meet （your / you）.3. （He / His）name is Mark.4. Whats（she / her）name?5. Excuse（me / my / I）.6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?7. （I/ My）am Ben.8. （She / Her）is my sister.9. Fine , thank （your / you）.10. How old is （he / his）四、用所给词的正确形式填空。1. These are _ ( he ) brothers.2. That is _( she
14、) sister.3. Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister.4. Tom, this is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary.5. Now _(her parent) are in America.6. Those _ ( child ) are _ ( I ) fathers students.典例讲解 1.It is a polite way to send a _ (明信片) to your friend before Christmas Day. 2.The _ (键) on the keyboard is broken. I dont know what t
15、o do with it . 3.The _(气味) of the flower is inviting to bees. 4.-Wish you a pleasure journey! -Thanks! Ill give you a _ as soon as I arrive in Paris. A .ring B .hand C .ride D. present 5.-As the curtain_，the famous singer came out. -The fans _and screamed.A .was raised; rose B .had been raised ;were
16、 raisedC .rose; were raised D. had risen; raised 6.The old man began learn to _ a car at the age of sixty. Now he is a driver. A .buy B .take C .get D. drive 7.How often do you write a letter to your father? I seldom or never do that now. I _or email him almost everyday. A. speak B. cry C. shout D.
17、call 8.I am looking forwards to _ more about your school life. A. learning B. listening C. hearing from D. looking at课堂检测1. 辨析expensive，cheap，high，low expensive与cheap表示东西货物的贵贱This watch is expensive.This cloth doll is very cheap. high与low表示的是价格的高低The price of this watch is very high. The price of th
18、is book is not low for me. 2. all over ：遍及 all over the placeall over the groundall over the world3. 介词 buy sth for sb= buy sb sth表示为某人买某物 send sth to sb=send sb sth lend sth to sb=lend sb sth show sth to sb=show sb sth拓展：key 1) 钥匙 a key ring/ a key to this door 2) 答案 the key to this question( ) 1.
19、There is someone waiting_ you at the gate. A. to B. for C. with D. of( ) 2. He is very kind and helpful. He helps me a lot_ my homework. A. to B. for C. with D. of( ) 3. I only have ten Yuan. Is it enough_ this book? A. to B. for C. with D. of( ) 4. When you travel to other places, you can buy some
20、things_ your family. A. B. to C. for D. with( ) 5. These are his trousers. Give_. A. it to him B. him it C. them to him D. him them( ) 6. This key is the one_ the door. A. to B. for C. with D. of( )7.There are lots of hills _ our town. They make the town warm in winter.A. in B. around C. between D.
21、on( )8.He buys beautiful cards every year . He often sends _at Christmas .A .his friends to them B .his friends them C .them his friends D .them to his friends 4. gold/goldengold 名词golden 形容词金色，黄金金的，金色的This bowl is made of gold. This bowl is golden5. own1) 动词: “拥有”，相当于have。My father owns a new car=
22、My father has a new car. 2) 形容词：自己的 my own room6. exchange 1) 动词：交换 exchange ideas 交换想法 2）形容词：交换的 a group of exchange students from Britain /the UK= a group of British exchange students( ) 1. He was very surprised. He couldnt open the car of_. A. his owns B. he own C. he owns D. his own( ) 2. There
23、are some_in our school, so we can_ideas with them. A. students exchange; exchange B. exchange students; exchange C. exchanging students; exchange D. students exchanged; exchange( ) 3. “ Helen_ a bedroom.” means “ Helen has _ bedroom”. A. own; own B. own; her own C. owns; her own D. owns; the her own
24、( ) 4. My grandmother gives me a_ ring. A. gold B. golden C.golding D. golded( ) 5. This_ throne is_. A. golden; gold B. gold; golden C. gold; gold D. golden; golden7. work 1) 动词： 工作 work hard 2) 名词：工作-不可数 have much work to do 3) 名词：作品-可数 works of art/ works of Luxun( ) 1. -What is your_? -A teacher
25、.A. work B. works C. job C. doing( ) 2. She _ hard, so she has her own_.A. work; work B. works; works C. work; works D. works; work( ) 3. Their_ is to let off_.A. work; fireworks B. works; fireworks C. work; firework D. works; firework( ) 4 How much_ do you have? A. homework B. art works C. firework
26、s D. job( ) 5. How many_ does she own? A. work B. homework C. housework D. works8. 辨析one与itone代替与前面同类不同一的事物it代替前面的事物本身I have no pen and I want to buy one. (任何一支钢笔，同类)There is only one pen there. I have to buy it. (就是前面那个）9.多者之间 Some .others.表示“一些.其他的.”Some like Chinese，and others like English. Some
27、the others“一些其他所有的 Some boys are playing football, the others are playing basketball.两者之间：lone.the other.表示“一个.另一个.” I have two pens，one is black，the other is red.( )1. Heres the only book. Ill take _ .A. some B. any C. one D. it ( )2. The girl is from the UK. _ students are from the USA.A. Others B
28、. Another C. The other D. The others( )3. Welcome to my home. Would you like _ coffee?A. some B. any C. many D. much( )4. Of the three men, one is a worker, _ two are masters. A. the others B. the other C. others D. other( ) 5. He has two sons. One is a doctor, _is a teacher. A. the others B. the ot
29、her C. others D. other( ) 6. I only have a pen. I want to go to the shop to buy_. A. that B.this C. one D. it( )7. We study Chinese, English and some _ subjects(科目). A. the other B. other C. others D. another10. enough1) enough +sth enough money/food2) adj. + enough good enough/heavy enough3) be eno
30、ugh for sth Ten yuan is enough for a book. be enough to do sth Ten yuan is enough to buy a book.11. elseSomething/anyone/what/who + else( )1. What _ do you want to buy? A. other B. else C. else things D. others( )2 .What _things can you see in the picture? A. other B.else C.another D.the other( ) 3.
31、 Is the food enough_ dinner? A. to B. have C. for D. with( )4. This room is_to hold _.A. big enough; people enough B. enough big; enough people C. big enough; enough people D. enough big; people enoughStep 1. 思考回忆所学知识点，并将所学知识点列在下面 Step 2. 错题回顾家庭作业根据句意及汉语或首字母提示，写出句中所缺单词。 1. I can buy some (明信片)for yo
32、u on my way back. 2. Nick doesnt know the （答案）to the question .网 3. Miss Lees (戒指) is nice, She buy it from the supermarket. 4. My (笔袋) is old, I want to buy anew one . 5. Your bike is not here. You can use (我的) .完成对话(10分)AI think it is yours B. Is it yours C. how many souvenirs will you buy for the
33、 party D. Each souvenir need three dollars E. Now lets go and ask herA: Mike, _1_?B: Eleven. There are eleven good friends coming to my party.A: How much will they cost, do you know?B: Thirty-three dollars.2._A: Oh, I see. Look! There is a red purse on the floor.3._B: No, it is not mine. Mine is in my hand.A: Whose it is, then?4._B: Let me see. Im sorry I dont know. Maybe it is hers.A: 5._B: All right. Lets go.句子翻译。1.怀特先生会把你带到邮局的。 _ 2.我们愿意在我们学校的足球场踢足球。 _3.爸爸每周六下午从上海给我打电话。_
