1、完形填空完形填空解题技巧解题技巧一、一、完形填空的特点是什么？完形填空的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？（一）（一）从文章结构看从文章结构看1.首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2.短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变
2、成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？（二）从语言层次看（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次1.句子层次的设空句子层次的设空例：例：I 90 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a su
3、ccess.A.remember B.explainC.hope D.expect答案：答案：A指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？2.句群层次的设空句群层次的设空前制性设空前制性设空后制性设空后制性设空指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案 的题目/下文某处有提示。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？前制性设空前制性设空例：例：It was an English speech contest.My mother a
4、sked me to take part in it.What a terrible idea!It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!A.write B.speak C.sing D.dance 后制性设空后制性设空例：例：1).Nobody _ him in the village.One day he said to them,“I know you dont like me”A.believed B.liked C.hated D.knew 2).Country music c
5、omes from _ kinds of music.One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States.The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.A.many B.all C.two D.threeBBC二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？3.语篇性设空语篇性设空 I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the p
6、oor in Haiti.Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week,hoping to 1 him achieved all Id expected.Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday.He will be a man.(最后一句话)()1.A.comfort B.please C.attract D.educateD指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。1.通览全篇，把握主旨。做题前，应先快速地浏览全文，了解其大意。切忘在未把握文章大意之前就忙于见空就填。见空就填会打断阅读的思
7、路，影响对全文大意的了解，势必无法从整体上把握文章的脉络，既影响准确率，又影响做题速度。2.前后联系，仔细辨析 考生应联系句子上下文进行推理和判断，从而正确理解每个句子的句意及相互间的联系。试填时应注意句子结构、固定短语及词语搭配，所填的词或短语应前后照应，是否符合语法。虑时态、语态、非谓语动词形式；形容词(副词)应考虑比较等级；复合句中从属连词的选用，主从句时态一致关系。3.复读全文，验证答案复读全文，验证答案 答案选好之后，应将全文再答案选好之后，应将全文再浏览一遍。细心核查所选答案浏览一遍。细心核查所选答案是否能使短文前后连贯，上下是否能使短文前后连贯，上下照应，语句通顺，是否使文章照应
8、，语句通顺，是否使文章意思完整。意思完整。Mr Cook was the owner of a shop.He 36 alone in a small room above his shop.He was always afraid that one night someone might break into his shop.One Friday 37,after he closed the shop,he found that he had got almost 10,000 yuan that day.So he thought that keeping so much money i
9、n the shop was a very 38 thing.36.A.stood B.worked C.satD.lived37.A.night B.morning C.hourD.time38.A.good B.dangerous C.easy D.interestingHe 39 the money with him to the bed,put it in the pocket of his coat and went to bed with his coat on.At midnight the loud 40 of the doorbell made him wake up.He
10、got out of 41 and called out.“What do you 42?”39.A.wanted B.took C.sent D.made40.A.speaking B.ringing C.calling D.talking41.A.shop B.house C.bed D.window42.A.sell B.forget C.want D.useUnder the street light was a policeman,“43 to wake you up,”the policeman 44.“but all the lights are on in your shop.
11、I think you forgot to 45 them off when you closed up.”43.A.Glad B.Hard C.Sorry D.Nice44.A.wanted B.told C.answeredD.asked45.A.throw B.turn C.close D.take四、四、解题技巧点拨解题技巧点拨（一）（一）_。（二）（二）_。（三）（三）_。细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意理解词义，瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破理解词义，瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心复读全文，逐个核对，验证
12、答案，坚定信心l分析近两年全国各省市中考英语完形填空题的命制情况，总结出如下的特点：l1）本题型设空以考查文意为主，信息词汇（或通常所说的实词名词、动词、形容词和副词等）比重极大，且有逐年增加的趋势。l2）降低对单词本身词意的考查要求，以突出本题的主要测试目的：理解全文，通篇考虑，掌握大意，注重关联。3）增加了考查连词的题，涉及考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解，恰到好处。4）注意结合文意考查对词语用法的掌握。主要涉及两个方面：词义辨析与惯用搭配。同义与近义词的比 较分辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义。如果只是一一对应地背记单词的中文意思，不注意具体语境中单词 的确切含意，是难以分辨一些词汇的细微差异的。5）题目的类型可分为：语言知识型，如各种语法规则、句型、句式等；还包括词汇型，测试单词在一 定语境下的基本用法、习惯用法、常用搭配以及对其词义的记忆或其特定意义的理解和灵活运用。判断推理 型，考查对篇章的整体理解、上下文段落的衔接、逻辑思维与判断推理能力。综合型，即对知识和能力综合 运用的考查。Thank you!
