1、非谓语动词中考英语语法复习中考英语语法复习热身练习1()1.We all found Mike a good foreigner_.A.to work B.to work with C.working with D.work with()2.My sister is interested in _ in her free time.A.watch TV B.reading books C.listening music D.plays basketball()3.Let me _you _ the flowers.A.to help,to water B.help,help C.to help
2、,helping D.helping,helping()4.I saw him _ into the small store.A.went B.going C.to go D.has gone()5.The policeman warned the young man_ after drinking.A.never to drive B.to never drive C.never driving D.never driveBBBBA()6.We are interested in _ to swim.A.study B.studying C.learn D.learning()7.My gr
3、andfather wants _around the world because he enjoys _new places.A.traveling,seeing B.to travel,to see C.to travel,seeing D.traveling,to see()8.Jack gives me a piece of paper_.A.to write B.to write on C.to write at D.to write in()9.Lets make a fire _ ourselves up.A.to warm B.warming C.warm D.warmed()
4、10.When I was walking in the field,I saw a plane _over my head.A.flew B.flies C.flying D.fling热身练习2BBBCC热身练习热身练习3()11.Weve never seen Martin _ so well before.A.is looked B.is looking C.to look D.look()12.He has decided _because smoking is bad for his health.A.to stop to smoke B.to stop smoking C.sto
5、pping smoking D.stop to smoke()13 It is kind _ me to carry these books.A.of you helping B.for you to help C.of you to help D.for you helping()14 Would you like _ some bread or biscuits?No thanks.I dont feel like _anything now.A.to have,eating B.to have,to eat C.having,to eat D.having,eating()15.Do y
6、ou remember me,Tom?Ah,yes,I remembered _ you in JUSCO last year.A.see B.sees C.to see D.seeingDBCAD非谓语动词的概念非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词动词形式叫做非谓语动词它不受人称和数的限制它不受人称和数的限制非谓语动词分为三种形式非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式：不定式：to+to+动词原形动词原形 动名词：动词原形动名词：动词原形+ing+ing 分词（现在分词和过去分词）分词（现在分词和过去分词）句子成分句子成分动词形式
7、动词形式主语主语定语定语宾语宾语宾语补宾语补足语足语状语状语表语表语(not)to do (not)done (not)diong 非谓语动词在句中作的成分非谓语动词在句中作的成分I.动词不定式和动名词作主语的异同.动名词和不定式作主语的相同点 1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数；为了保 持句子的平衡，常用it来做形式主语。eg:(1)To learn English welln is not easy.It is not easy to learn English well.(2)Asking him for help is no use.It is no use asking
8、him for help.2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性。eg:(1)To see is to believe.=Seeing is believing.(2)It is better to stay home than to go out.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点 1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作；动名词表示泛指或 一般的抽象的概念。eg:(1)Walking is a good form of exercise for the old.(2)It is not very good for you to s
9、moke so much2.动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的，表一种将来含义。eg:(1)Climbing mountains is interesting (2)Our task is to finish planting these trees in half an hour.3.不定式可以和when,where,how,what,whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语；动名词可以与when,while连用，在句中作时间状语。eg:(1)What to do next is up to you.(2)In the morn
10、ing,while running on the playgroung,I fell down.即时练习()1.is prohibited(禁止)hereLook at the sign.A.Smoking B.Smoke C.To smoke D.Smoked()2._ the task will take a long time.A.Finish B.Finishing C.To finish D.Finished()3._up early is a good habit.Its good for your health.A.Get B.To get C.Getting D.Got()4.
11、Doing morning exercises _ very good for your health.A.are B.is C.be D.were()5._ good a book is much better than _ a bad TV.A.Reading,watching B.Read,watch C.Reading,to watch D.To read,watchingACCBAII.动词不定式 过去分词 现在分词 动名词作定语的区别动词不定式作定语不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后,与被修饰词之间表示以下关系:(1)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,若是不及物动词,则需加介词
12、；(2)表示将来的含义,(3)动词不定式短语，如：the best way to learn English,等，不存在动宾关系。eg:1.Will you find me a pen to write with?2.He is always the first to come to school.3.I have no room to live in.4.There is nothing for me to worry about.5.We have a lot of things to do.动名词作定语动名词作定语动名词作定语只放在名词前，说明该名词的性能或用途，不表动作，被修饰的名词与
13、动名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系。eg:1.Some drinking water has been poluted.2.There are lots of sleeping cars on the train.3.I bought a pair of climbing shoes yesterday.4.There is a swimming pool in our school.5.8.现在分词作定语现在分词作定语与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,单个分词作定语常单个分词作定语常置于被修饰词之前置于被修饰词之前,与与,分词短语作定语常置于被修饰词之后。分词短语
14、作定语常置于被修饰词之后。eg:1.Listen to the singing bird.2.Who is the boy running towards us?3.Tell the children not to make so much noise.4.The house was built in 1955.5.There are some playing basketball on the playground.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与现在分词一样，单个词常放于被修饰词前，短语则放于后，与现在分词一样，单个词常放于被修饰词前，短语则放于后，与被修饰词之间存在被动或完成的含义。与被修
15、饰词之间存在被动或完成的含义。eg:1.The boy named Tom was hurt in the car accident.2.Is there anything planned for tomorrow?3.I have found the book lost by me.4.Have you read the novels written by Luxun?5.The United States is a developed country.6.The cup broken by my brother is mine.即时练习()1.I have a lot of things
16、_ this weekend.A.do B.did C.doing D.to do()2.Im thirsty.Will you get me something _?A.drink B.to drink C.eat D.eating()3.There is a_boy in the _car.A.sleeping,sleeping B.slept,slept C.sleeping,slept D.slept,sleeping()4.The first textbook _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 1
17、6th century.A.have written B.to be written C.being written D.written()5.Whats the language _ in Germany?A.speaking B.spoken C.be spoken D.to speakDBADBIII.动词不定式与动名词作宾语动词不定式作宾语一个期盼两希望，计划失败不假装。一个期盼两希望，计划失败不假装。不敢拒绝两决定，学会准备想答应。不敢拒绝两决定，学会准备想答应。迫不及待来同意，设法尽力能干起。迫不及待来同意，设法尽力能干起。只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀
18、：一个期盼两希望，计划失败不假装。一个期盼两希望，计划失败不假装。expect to do sth.期盼做某事期盼做某事 wish/hope to do sth.希望做某事希望做某事 plan to do sth.计划做某计划做某事事 fail to do sth.失败做某事失败做某事 pretend to do sth.假装做某事假装做某事 不敢拒绝两决定，学会准备想答应不敢拒绝两决定，学会准备想答应。(not)dare to do sth 迫不及待地要做某事迫不及待地要做某事refuse to do sth 下决心做某事下决心做某事decide/make a decision to do
19、sth 决定做某事决定做某事learn to do sth 学会做某事学会做某事prepair/get ready to do sth 准备做某事准备做某事want/would like to do sth 想做某事想做某事promise to do sth 答应，承诺做某事答应，承诺做某事迫不及待来同意，尽力设法能干起迫不及待来同意，尽力设法能干起。cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事迫不及待做某事agree to do sth 同意做某事同意做某事try/do ones best to do sth竭尽全力做某事竭尽全力做某事manage to do sth 设法做某事设
20、法做某事can/cant afford to do sth能能/不能干起某事不能干起某事只能接只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：作宾语的动词口诀：只跟动名只跟动名-ing，禁止避免要允许。禁止避免要允许。完成练习值得忙，考虑建议不禁想。完成练习值得忙，考虑建议不禁想。继续习惯别放弃，喜欢思念要介意。继续习惯别放弃，喜欢思念要介意。动名词作宾语动名词作宾语只跟动名只跟动名-ing，禁止避免要允许禁止避免要允许 forbid doing sth.禁止做某事禁止做某事 avoid doing sth.避免做某事避免做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事允许做某事 完成练习值得忙，考虑建议不
21、禁想完成练习值得忙，考虑建议不禁想finish doing sth 完成做某事practice doing sth 练习某事be worth doing sth 值得某事be busy doing sth 忙于某事consider doing sth 考虑某事suggest doing sth 建议某事cant help doing sth 情不自禁某事feel like doing sth 想做某事继续习惯别放弃，喜欢思念要介意继续习惯别放弃，喜欢思念要介意keep(on)doing sth 继续做某事继续做某事get used to doing sth 习惯做某事习惯做某事give up
22、doing sth 放弃做某事放弃做某事enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事喜欢做某事miss doing sth 思念做某事思念做某事mind doing sth 介意做某事介意做某事 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事擅长做某事 be interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣对做某事感兴趣 insist on doing 坚持做某事坚持做某事 be used for doing sth.被用来做某事被用来做某事 thank sb.for doing sth.谢谢某人做某事谢谢某人做某事 be tired of doing sth.厌烦做某事厌烦
23、做某事 be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事害怕做某事 介词介词+doing 1 put off doing sth 推迟做某事推迟做某事stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事give up doing sth.放弃做某事放弃做某事without doing sth.没有做某事没有做某事think about doing sth.考虑做某事考虑做某事WhatHow about doing 做某事怎么样做某事怎么样?介词介词+doing 2 介词介词to 而非不定式而非不定式to look forward to doing sth.（盼望）
24、（盼望）pay attention to doing sth.（注意）（注意）be used to doing sth.（习惯于）（习惯于）prefer doing sth to doing sth.（更喜欢）（更喜欢）make a contribution to doing（做贡献）（做贡献）特殊词特殊词:即可用不定式，也可用动名词作宾语即可用不定式，也可用动名词作宾语各类动词各类动词to do doing remember/forget(do在后在后)要做要做（do在前）做过在前）做过stop/go on(两个字两个字)两件事两件事（一个字）一件事（一个字）一件事like/hate/lov
25、e一次性一次性 长期长期 try 尽力做尽力做 尝试做尝试做 need主语做这件事主语做这件事主语承受这个动作主语承受这个动作start/begin心里活动，进行时心里活动，进行时 其它一般一样其它一般一样 regret对要做的事遗憾对要做的事遗憾对做过的事遗憾、后悔对做过的事遗憾、后悔 mean打算，有意要打算，有意要 意味着意味着forget to do忘记要去做某事，忘记要去做某事，forget doing忘记做过某事。忘记做过某事。Eg：办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。关了。(没有做关灯的动作没有做关灯的动作The light in the office is
26、 still on.He forgot to turn it off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）做过关灯的动作）He forgot turning the light off.forget doing/to do remember doing/to doremember to do 记得去做某记得去做某事事remember doing记得做过记得做过某事某事记着放学后去趟邮局。记着放学后去趟邮局。Remember to go to the post office after school.你不记得以前见过那个人吗你不记得以前见过那个人吗?Dont yo
27、u remember seeing the man before?stop doing/to dostop to do停下来去做另停下来去做另一件事，一件事，stop doing停止正在做的停止正在做的某事。某事。Eg:1.他们停下来吸烟。他们停下来吸烟。They stop to smoke.2.我必须戒烟了我必须戒烟了 I must stop smoking.go on doing/to dogo on to do做了一件事后，接着做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，做另一件事，go on doing继续做原来做的事。继续做原来做的事。Eg：1.做完数学后，他接着去做做完数学后，他接着去做物理。物
28、理。After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.2.做完这个练习后，接着做做完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习其他的练习Go on doing other exercises after you have finished this one.like,hate,love doing/to do sth1.like doing sth 表示一种爱好，可能持续。表示一种爱好，可能持续。如：如：He likes cooking in his house.他喜欢在家里做他喜欢在家里做饭。饭。like to do sth 表示想要
29、，欲做某事用表示想要，欲做某事用,一次性动作。一次性动作。如：如：She likes to stay with us.她想和我们带一块儿。她想和我们带一块儿。2.love doing/to do sth与与like doing/to do sth类似，程类似，程度比度比like大。大。3.hate doing/to do 类似于类似于like to do 和和like doing 的用的用法法.如如.I like swimming.But I hate to swim now.try to do sth/doing sth1.try to do sth.设法做某事，尽力做某事 如：He tri
30、ed to finish the work ahead of time.他设法提前完成这件工作。2.try doing sth 试着做某事，试验做某事 如：-I usually go there by train.-我通常乘火车去那儿。-Why not try going by boat for a change?-为什么不换乘船呢?need to do sth/doing 1.need to do sth“需要做某事”，句子的主语和need后的动词为逻辑上的主谓关系。如:I am tired.I need to have a rest.我累了。我需要休息一下。（主语I和have存在主谓关系）
31、2.need doing“需要做”，句子的主语与need后的动 词有逻辑上的被动关系，这是主动形式，表示被动意义，相当于一 个被动的不定式need to be done。如：The windows need washing(=The windows need to be washed).这些窗户需要擦洗了。(wash和the windows存在被动关系）start/begin to do/doing sth1.begin和start同义，可以互换，后面跟to do和doing差别也不大。2.不同点：1）谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.eg:How old were you w
32、hen you first started playing the piano?2）begin,start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do eg:I was beginning to get angry at that time。3）与表示心理状态的词连用：begin to realize/know/understand.4)物作主语时,常用begin to do sth eg:It began to rain.regret to do sthregret doing sthregret doing sth 遗憾或后悔做过某事（事情做过）eg：I dont regret telling
33、her what I thought我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过)regret to do sth 遗憾不能做某事（事情没做）eg：I regret to have to do this，but I have no choice我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。(未做但要做)mean to do sthI didnt mean to hurt your feeling我没想要伤害你的感情。mean doing sthThis illness will mean(your)going to hospital得了这种病(你)就要进医院。mean to do sthmean doing st
34、h即时练习()1.The boy wants_his father a question about the moon.A.asking B.to ask C.ask D.asked()2.When learning a foreign language,try our best _ it well.A.master B.learn C.to learn D.learning()3.The boy decided _in Shanghai,which made his father a little surprised.A.not to work B.to not work C.not wor
35、king D.working not()4.If he fails _ a job,his children will have no food to eat.A.to find B.to look for C.finding D.looking for()5.She hopes _ the 2020 Olympic Games.A.to take part in B.to join C.taking part in D.her brother to take part inBCAAA()6.Now more and more people are busy_ about the Intern
36、et.A.learn B.to learn C.learning D.learned()7.-Its too hot.Would you mind _the door?-_.Please do it.A.to open;OK B.opening;Certainly not C.opening;Of course D.to open;Good idea()8.No matter how hard it is,well keep_until we make it.A.failed B.failing C.tried D.trying()9.-Are you enjoying_in Ningbo?-
37、Yes,we are.Very much.A.to live B.living C.lives D.lived()10 We couldnt help _after we heard the funny story A.to laugh B.living C.lives D.lived CBDBBIV.动词不定式 现在分词 过去分词 作宾补动词不定式作宾语补足语的意义动词不定式作宾语补足语的意义动词不定式作宾语补足语时，与宾语有动词不定式作宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语一般着逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动作，强调宾语所做的动为宾语所做的动作，强调宾语所做的
38、动作，是经常发生的或发生过去了。作，是经常发生的或发生过去了。eg:I often see him play basketball on the playground.接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：希望告诫提醒，建议允许邀请。希望告诫提醒，建议允许邀请。期待鼓励命令，请求想要答应。期待鼓励命令，请求想要答应。禁止迫使教育，后跟宾补禁止迫使教育，后跟宾补to牢记。牢记。希望告诫提醒，建议允许邀请希望告诫提醒，建议允许邀请wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事希望某人做某事warn sb.to do sth.告诫某人做某事告诫某人做某事remind s
39、b.to do sth.提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事建议某人做某事allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事允许某人做某事invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事邀请某人做某事 期待鼓励命令，请求想要答应期待鼓励命令，请求想要答应expect sb.to do sth 期待某人做某事期待某人做某事encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事鼓励某人做某事order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事ask sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事请求某人做某事 want/would
40、 like sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事想要某人做某事promise sb.to do sth.答应某人做某事答应某人做某事禁止迫使教育，后跟宾补禁止迫使教育，后跟宾补to牢记牢记forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事 force sb.to do sth.迫使某人做某事迫使某人做某事 teach sb.to do sth.教育某人做某事教育某人做某事注意：注意：help sb.(to)do sth.既可以接带to的不定式，又可以接不带to 的不定式作宾补。省略省略to的不定式作宾补口诀的不定式作宾补口诀:feel sb.do sth.感到某人做某事h
41、ear sb do sth 听见某人做某事listen to sb do sth 听见某人做某事let sb do sth 让/使某人做某事make sb do sth 让/使某人做某事have sb do sth 让/使某人做某事see sb do sth 看见某人做某事watch sb do sth 看见某人做某事notice sb do sth 注意某人做某事find sb do sth 发现某人做某事一感一感 二听二听 三让三让 四看四看 注意：注意：感观动词，用动原作宾补，与宾语是一种主动关系，表示动作经常发生，或已经发生过了；若强调在某一时刻正在发生，则用现在分词作宾补。感使动词真
42、奇怪，to在句中象妖怪。主动语态它走开，被动语态它回来。动词 let 要除外，to词可来可不来。现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上现在分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动的主谓关系，宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动作，强调某一时刻正在进行正在发生的动作，作，强调某一时刻正在进行正在发生的动作，是一个片段。是一个片段。如：如：He saw an old man getting on the bus.Some people leave the water running after washing hands.现在分
43、词作宾补口诀某一时刻听看见，某一时刻听看见，看某动作一片段。看某动作一片段。某一时刻某一时刻一段时间一段时间保持使得如保持使得如keep,keep,现在分词作宾补现在分词作宾补。现在分词做宾补短语see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事看见某人正在做某事 hear sb.doing sth.听见某人正在做某事听见某人正在做某事 feel sb.doing sth.感觉某人正在做某事感觉某人正在做某事 find sb.doing sth.碰上（撞上）某人正在做某事碰上（撞上）某人正在做某事 listen to sb.doing sth.听某人正在做某事听某人正在做某事 look at
44、 sb.doing sth.看着某人正在做某事看着某人正在做某事 notice sb.doing sth.注意到某人正在做某事注意到某人正在做某事 watch sb.doing sth.观看某人正在做某事观看某人正在做某事get sb.doing sth.使某人正在做某事使某人正在做某事 have sb.doing sth.使某人正在做某事使某人正在做某事 keep sb.doing sth.使某人不停地做某事使某人不停地做某事leave sb doing sth.使某人不停地做某事使某人不停地做某事过去分词做宾补英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义。e
45、g:1.I heard the song sung in English.2.They kept the door locked for a long time.3.I have had my bike repaired.4.The old man had his leg broken in the accident.5.I raised my voice to make myself heard.6.When we got to school,we saw the door locked.7.I would like my house painted yellow.过去分词做宾补的短语get
46、 sth done 让.被做（请某人做）have sth done 让.被做（请某人做）make sth done 让.被做（请某人做）watch sth done 看见.被做notice sth done 看见.被做see sth done 看见.被做hear sth done 听见.被做listen to sth done 听见.被做feel sth done 感到.被做find sth done 发现.被做keep sth done 让.被做即时练习()1.-Theres a hole in your bag.-I know,Im going to have it _.A.mend B.
47、mending C.mended D.to be mended ()2.Though he had often made his little sister _,today he was made _ by his little sister.A.cry;to cry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.to cry;cry()3.I have had my bike_,and Im going to have somebody_my radio tomorrow.A.repair;to repair B.repairing;to be repaired C.repaire
48、d;repair D.to repair;repairing()4.I found the door _ when I got home.A.opened B.close C.unlocking D.open()5.Its so cold today,we must keep the fire _.A.to burn B.burning C.burn D.burnt CACAB即时练习()6.When I put my hand on his chest,I could feel his heart still _.A.beat B.to be beating C.beating D.was
49、beating()7.The teacher encouraged us _ good compositions.A.Writing B.written C.to write D.is writing()8.I can make you _what I say,but you cant make yourself _ in English.A.understand;understand B.understand,understood C to understand,understand D.understand;be understood()9.I have often heard the A
50、BC Song_,but I have never heard Alice _it.A.to be sung;to sing B.being sung;sang C.sung;sing D.sang;singing()10.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning CCBCB即时练习()11.Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth.A.run B.running C.being run D.to
