1、15. cost/ spend/ pay/ take (1) cost一般用某物来做主语，表示“（某物）值、花费”，既能指花费时间也能指金钱。The new bike costs me 300 yuan.这辆新自行车花了我三百元。It will cost you a whole to read through this book.通读这本书将会花费你整整一周时间。cost 还可以用作名词，表示“成本、费用、价格、代价”等。Whats the cost of this TV set? 这台电视机的成本是多少钱？They succeeded at the cost of hard work.他们辛
2、苦地工作换来的成功。(2) spend一般用某人来作主语，表示“（某人）花费，付出”，也能指时间或金钱，指时间时常与in搭配，指金钱时常与on或for搭配。 We spent two days in repairing this machine.我们花了两天时间修理这台机器。 Mr. Lee spends $20 on books every month.李先生每月花二十美元在书上。(3) pay用作动词时，一般也以某人作主语，但一般指花钱、付款等，很少用来指花费时间。常与for搭配使用。They paid 70 yuan for the tickets.他们花了七十元买票。He was to
3、o poor to pay for his schooling.他穷得交不起学费。pay还可以用作名词，意思为“薪水、工资”等。Its hard for me to live with such low pay.我很难靠这么低的薪水生活下去。(4)take也指“花费(时间、金钱)”，但通常用某事、某物做主语，或用形式主语it.How long will the meeting take? 会议要开多久？It took me several hours to get there. 我花了几个小时才到那儿。16. bad/ badly 这两个词的意思含有“坏、糟、严重”等意思，且它们有共同的比较级
4、worse和最高级worst 。 (1) bad是一个形容词，意思是“坏的，糟糕的，差的，严重的”。 I dont think he is a bad person.我并不认为他是一个坏人。I had a bad headache.我的头疼得很厉害。(2)badly是一个副词，意思是“不好地，差”，也可以表示程度，意为“严重地，非常，极度”。 We need help badly.我们急需帮助。His arm was badly hurt.他的胳膊严重受伤了。17. interested/ interesting (1) interested是指“对产生兴趣的，对感兴趣的”，一般用人做主语，后
5、常用介词in. He was interested in biology before.他以前对生物感兴趣。 Im not interested in art.我对艺术不感兴趣。(2)interesting的意思是“有趣的”，指能够给人带来兴趣的某人或某事物。 He is an interesting old man.他是个有趣的老头。The interesting story attracted me. 这个有趣的故事吸引了我。18. dead/ die/ death/ dying (1) dead是形容词，意思为“死了的、无生命的”，表示状态，可以与一段时间连用。 The tree has
6、 been dead for ten years.这棵树死了有十年了。The rabbits are all dead. 这些兔子都是死的。(2) die是动词，意思为“死、死亡”，是一个瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用。 My grandpa died two years ago.我爷爷两年前去世了。The old man died of cancer.老人死于癌症。(1) death是名词，意思为“死亡、去世”等。 The memorial hall was built one year after his death.他死后一年，纪念馆建成了。 His death is a great lo
7、ss to us.他的死是我们的巨大损失。 (4) dying 是die的现在分词，用作形容词，意思是“垂死的、即将死去的”。 The doctors have saved the dying man.医生们救活了那个垂死的人。The poor dog had no food, it was dying.可怜的狗没有食物,快要饿死了。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在：1. 宾语从句的时态和语序；2. 一般过去时和过去完成时的用法区别；3. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；4. 本单元学习的日常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。【中考范例】1. （2004年北京
8、市海淀区中考试题）-Do you know _?-Only ten months old.A. when does Tiger Woods start golfingB. when did Tiger Woods start golfingC. when Tiger Woods starts golfingD. when Tiger Woods started golfing【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的时态和语序。这个宾语从句的时态应用一般过去时，应为这里说的是过去的事情。语序应用陈述句的语序，所以正确答案是: when Tiger Woods started golfing。2.
9、 （2004年北京市海淀区中考试题）Im interested in animals, so I _ every Saturday working in an animal hospital.A. pay B. get C. take D. spend【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是pay, get, take和spend这四个动词的用法区别。只有动词spend可以用在sb. spends time doing sth. 这个句型里，所以正确答案影视spend。3. （2004年天津市中考试题） Could I _ your telephone? I have something importa
10、nt to tell my parents. A. keep B. borrow C. use D. lend【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是keep, borrow, use和lend四个动词的用法区别。keep的真正含义是“保留”，borrow的含义是“借入”，lend的含义是“借出”，只有use的含义是“使用”。在这个句子里实际上是“使用”的意思，所以应选use。4. （2004年鄂州市中考试题） -Hi, Ann. Wheres your brother? I need his help. -He left home two weeks ago and _away ever since.
11、 A. is B. was C. has been D. had been【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是动词时态的用法区别。一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或现在所处的状态；一般过去时表示过去的动作或过去所处的状态；过去完成时表示过去的动作或过去的时间以前发生的事情；现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在或刚刚结束。这里只能用现在完成时。【满分演练】一. 单项填空1. Mr Green asked the children to _the words in the dictionary.A. look at B. look up C. look for D. look after
12、2. May I _ your bike? Certainly, but you cant _it to other.A. lend, lend B. borrow, lend C. borrow, borrow D. lend, borrow3. Mr Brown _in China since 20 years ago.A. worked B. works C. is working D. has worked4. There_ be many trees here two years ago.A. is B. are C. use to D. used to5. Neither my b
13、rother nor I _a doctor.A.is B.am C.are D.be6. _of my parents _ watching TY. A.Both, likes B.Either, like C.Neither, like D.Neither, likes7. I really dont know _ next. Can you tell me ? A.how to do B.what to do C.how will I do it D.what to do it 8. He has lived here _ 1965. A. since B. for C. in D. f
14、rom9. If you are tired, please stop _ a rest.A. having B. have C. to have D. has10.She has never come to the farm before, _ she?A. has B. hasnt C. does D. doesnt11. It is _book that I have _ it twice.A.such an interestingseen B.so an interestingread C.so interestinglooked D.such an interestingread12
15、. The doctor was busy _ on the boy at that time.A.operate B.to operate C.operated D.operating13. The policeman told the children _play in the street.A. didnt B. to not C. not to D. dont14. Mother returned home _earlier than Father that evening.A. very B. too C. more D. much15. I wont go to see the f
16、ilm tonight, because I _ my ticketA. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose二. 完形填空Children like to copy(模仿) what they hear. They copy their parents，their friends and even the TV. This teaches them how to speak the language. Copying also does good to students of a second _1_. When you listen to
17、 foreigners speak English，_2_ what they say as loudly as you can. Children dont practise grammar, but use the language to _3_ that interests them. They dont _4_ their vocabulary or poor grammar. They find ways to _5_ themselves，and they do it successfully. Students of English should also pay their a
18、ttention to _6_. Look for chances to talk with people in English. If you cant find a _7_ to talk to, talk with other students of English instead. _8_ an English discussion and talk about music, movies or whatever _9_you. Dont worry about _10_. The objective(目标) is to earn how to communicate(交流) easi
19、ly and comfortably. Remember that you can communicate successfully even with a small vocabulary.1. A. year B. grade C. language D. country2. A. repeat B. hear C. believe D. remember3. A. write letters B. keep diaries C. talk to people D. talk about things4. A. look for B. complain about C. laugh at
20、D. go over5. A. enjoy B. help C. relax D. express6. A. grammar B. vocabulary C. communication D. English7. A. foreigner B. topic C. chance D. visitor8. A. Start B. Build C. Use D. Make9. A. understands B. interests C. improves D. allows10. A. lessons B. exams C. wasting time D. making mistakes三. 阅读理
21、解(A)We can see walls everywhere in the world. But the Great Wall of China is the biggest of all. The Chinese call it The Ten-thousand-Li Great Wall. It is in fact more than 6,000 kilometres long. It is 4-5 metres wide. In most places, five horses or ten men can walk side by side.When you visit the G
22、reat Wall, you cant help wondering how the Chinese people were able to build such a great wall thousands of years ago. Without any modern machine, it was really very difficult to build it. They had to do all the work by hand. It took millions of men hundreds of years to build it. The Great Wall has
23、a history of over two thousand years. The kings began to build the first parts of it around two thousand seven hundred years ago. Then Qin Shihuang had all the walls joined up. He thought that could keep the enemy out of the country. Today the Great Wall has become a place of interest. Not only Chin
24、ese people but also people from all over the world come to visit it.1. The Great Wall is the biggest of all walls in _. A. China B. Europe C. the world D. Asia (亚洲) 2. How long is the Great Wall? A. Its less than six hundred kilometres. B. Its over six million kilometres. C. Its six thousand kilomet
25、res. D. Its more than six thousand kilometres. 3. It took _ men _ years to build the Great Wall. A. millions; millions B. hundreds of; hundreds of C. millions of; hundreds of D. hundreds of; millions of 4.The Great Wall was built _. A. by people all over the world B. without any modern machines C. w
26、ith some other countries help D. by all Chinese kings 5. Qin Shihuang thought the Great Wall could _. A. keep the enemy out of his country B. keep his body in it C. be visited by all the people D. make his country beautiful (B)In 776 B.C. the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympu
27、s to honor Greeks chief god, Zeus(向希腊主要神祗宙斯献礼). The Greeks praised (注重)physical fitness and strength in their education of youth. Therefore, running, boxing, horse-racing, discus throwing and so on were held in each city and the winners competed every four years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatl
28、y honored by having olive wreaths(橄榄枝花环)placed on their heads and having poems sung about their deeds. Originally(起初)these were held as games of friendship, and any wars that were going on were stopped to allow the games . The Greeks regarded these games as so important that they counted time in fou
29、r-year cycles called Olympiads dating from 776 B.C.1. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The first Olympic Games were held to celebrate.B. Winners were greatly honored by having olive wreaths placed on their heads.C. Battles were stopped to let the games take place.D. Poems were sung in the honor
30、 of winners.2 Nearly how many years ago did these games start?A. 776 years. B. 1250 years. C. 2278 years. D. 2760 years. 3. Which of the following matches was not mentioned in the passage ?A. Discus throwing B. Boxing C. Skating D. Running4. What conclusion can we reach about the ancient Greeks ?A. They liked to fight. B. They were very good at sports.C. They liked a lot of ceremony (仪式). D. They couldnt count, so that they used Olympiads for dates.
