1、动 词分类辨析行为动词连系动词情态动词助动词动 词行为动词表示实际动作的词跑 run跳 jump飞 fly行为动词+宾语+间宾+直宾+复合宾语V.及物动词Vt.不及物动词Vi.+介词+宾语宾语后直接跟N./Pron.Wash your hands.I like you.及物动词She gave me a book.We call him Mao Yi.宾语后直接跟N./Pron.play basketballI like you.及物动词She gave me a book.We call him Mao Yi.间宾+直宾复合宾语n.宾语pron.宾语不能后直接跟N./Pron.I have
2、to stay at home.Liu studies hard.My farther went to Hong Kong yesterday.不及物动词不能后直接跟N./Pron.I have to stay at home.Liu studies hard.My farther went to Hong Kong yesterday.不及物动词动 词分类辨析take bring fetch carry1.Please _ the book to the library.2.My books are at upstairs.Can you _ them down?3.She _ a big
3、stone with her.4.I asked her to _ me an evening paper.带走带来去拿回来有方向carry搬运 携带 无方向1.Please _ the book to the library.2.My books are at upstairs.Can you _ them down?3.She _a big stone with her.4.I asked her to _ me an evening paper.take bring fetch carriestakespend costpayspend costpaytake人+spend+/+on/i
4、n doing sth.人+pay+for sth.物+cost+(sb.)+/It takes/took+sb.+/+to do sth.我买这本书花了20元。I spent 20 yuan on this book.I paid 20 yuan for this book.The book cost me 20 yuan.It takes me 20 yuan to buy the book.（2012黄冈）It will _ us several years to learn a foreign language well.A.costB.takeC.spendD.use They of
5、ten _ much money on books.A.payB.takeC.spendD.cost（2011，天津）I _ some of my free time playing basketball for my school team.A.spendB.costC.takeD.payspeak say tell talk说演讲、发言说(+语言)vt.speak English vi.speak to TrumpspeakHe said knowledge is power.You should say hello.说(强调说话的内容)vt.say+sth./从句tellvt.告诉，讲述
6、，讲出来tell sb.sthtell sb.(not)to do sth.vi.talk谈论，谈话talk about sb./sth.谈论某人或某事talk to/with sb.与某人谈话(2009 广东）Can you _ French?A.talkB.speakC.sayD.tell（2011滨州）-Shall we go and _ hello to the foreign teachers?-Good idea!Lets go.A.sayB.speakC.talkD.tell（2011滨州）-Shall we go and _ hello to the foreign teach
7、ers?-Good idea!Lets go.A.sayB.speakC.talkD.tell(2012内蒙古,25)His brother loves to _ jokes.We all like him.A.sayB.tellC.speakD.talkborrow lend keep借谁能借我一把伞呢？我借你吧。请问我可以借多久呢？借入:borrow借出:lend借：keep+for+时间（2011北京，39）-I am sorry,Cathy.I_ your book for such a long time.A.have borrowedB.have lentC.have keptD.
8、have returned（2011北京，39）-I am sorry,Cathy.I_ your book for such a long time.A.have borrowedB.have lentC.have keptD.have returnedwear put on dress穿着(状态)+衣服He is wearing a new T-shirt.穿/戴(动作)+衣服Its very cold.Put on your coat.dress打扮+人wearput onPlease dress the man.She dressed very well.(2012黑龙江大庆)Its
9、raining outside.Youd better _ your raincoat.A.put onB.put upC.dressD.to wear(2012黑龙江大庆)Its raining outside.Youd better _ your raincoat.A.put onB.put upC.dressD.to wear+衣服（动作）listen hear soundlisten vi.听(强调动作)+to听音乐 listen to music hearvt.听(强调结果)Can you hear me?sound 听起来+adj.The voice sounds great！Ro
10、ck music may _ nice to young people,but most old people cant stand it.A.hearB.soundC.lookD.listenRock music may _ nice to young people,but most old people cant stand it.A.hearB.soundC.lookD.listen连系动词不能单独存在，要跟后面的表语一起构成复合谓语，表示主语的身份、类别、特征、状态等。连接主语和表语的动词I am a teacher.He become a doctor.The food smells
11、 good.He remained sleepy all day.状态restsmell性质 特征become身份I am a teacher.He become a doctor.The food smells good.He remained sleepy all day.soundsmelltastelook看听闻尝感beHe is handsome.He is a teacher.第一人称am第二人称/复数are第三人称单数is第一人称am第二人称/复数are第三人称单数isI _ a teacher.You _ students.The girl _ very beautiful.H
12、e _ a handsome boy.Those books _ interesting.The girls _ 12 years old.havestandsitliestayrest表示主语继续或保持一种状态或态度。用于现在完成时：for/since+一段时间He has been lying on the sofa for one day.He has rested for many hours.lookseemappear看起来像，似乎貌似要下雨It seems to rain.becomegrowturnfallgetgocome表示变化Its getting cold.The ra
13、dio is gone wrong.Her dream came true.(2012辽宁大连，1)-How about having a picnic next weekend?-It _ great.A.tastesB.looksC.soundsD.smells 事件（2011 福州，33）-I often listen to the song Rainbow.-So do I.It _ beautiful.A.smellsB.feelsC.sounds（2012 苏州，12）Some of my friends eat with their eyes.They prefer to ord
14、er what _ nice.A.smellsB.feelsC.looksD.tastes行为动词连系动词情态动词助动词动 词情态动词情 态矫情情感情 态情感变态态度动词can&could 1)表能力能,会He can play basketball.We can do it.can&could 2)表推测可能一般用于否定句有条件根据的推测It cant be Lius shirt.It is much too small for him.否定条件依据不可能可能不can&could 3)表请求/允许可以Can I play computer games?You can learn math.c
15、an&could could1)表过去的能力When I was a boy,I could speak English well.2)表推测，但把握不大I could be the most handsome man in the world.can&could could3)表请求和提议，一般用于疑问句中Could you give me a hand？Can you give me a hand？语气更委婉注意：此时could 不是can 的过去式can&be able to 相同点表能力，可通用不同点can 只有一般现在和一般过去时be able to 有多种时态Liu Shiwen
16、_ make a girlfriend.It _ be Genghui s pen.His is here._ you pass me a book?Yes,I _.Sorry,I _.can/is able to 能力推测不可能cantCould/Cancan Cant may&mightmay1)表请求、许可可以You may play computer games.请求许可May I borrow your homework?Can I borrow your homework?may 比 can/could 更正式may&mightmay2)表推测可能一般用于肯定句把握性不大He ma
17、y come tomorrow.But I am not sure.I may go to Tieling one day.没有条件根据He may not come tomorrow.不可能可能不may&mightmightmay的过去式表推测把握性比may小常用在肯定句中This notebook might be LiuShiwens.must&have tomust1)表义务、必要必须She must go back home before midnight.must&have tomust2)表推测一定，很可能一般用于肯定句有依据把握性很大It _ be Lius book.It h
18、as his name on it.条件根据一定，很可能mustmust&have tomust3)否定句，表禁止You mustnt swim in the river.must&have tohave to必须，不得不We have to stay here for three hours.Liu has to do his homework.I had to get up at 5 a.m.yesterday.有人称，数和时态的变化must&have tohave to否定你没必要这么紧张。You dont have to be so nervous.他昨天不必来。He didnt ha
19、ve to come yesterday.must&have to区别mustmust&have to主观原因have to客观需要I must go now.Tomorrow is Monday,so I have to do my homework.前有条件You_ worry about him.Hes living a good life.A.dont have to B.mustntC.have to D.must(2010山东枣庄，29)没必要You _ stop when the traffic light turns red.A.canB.had betterC.needD.m
20、ust(2013贵州铜仁,31)交通规则必须情态动词问答canYes,I can.No,I cant.Can you swim?Could you give me a hand?Yes,I can.Sorry,I cant.Im busy now.请求要委婉回答要诚恳mayMay I go now?Yes,you can.No,you mustnt.No,you cant.我可以走了吗？是的，可以。不，不可以。不，绝对不可以。口气坚决mustMust I leave right now?Yes,you must.No,you mustnt.No,you neednt.No,you dont h
21、ave to.禁止不必不必问&答总结cancancantcouldcancantmaycan cantmustcancantneedmustneednt-Must I take much medicine every day?-No,you _.A.mustB.mustntC.needntD.cant(2012内蒙古宁古)-Mum,must I wash the dishes right now?-No,you _.A.shouldnt B.wouldntC.mustnt D.neednt-_I come back before 6 oclock?-No，you _But you _be ba
22、ck later than 7 oclockB.May;mustnt;cantC.Can;cant;cant D.Must;neednt;cantA.Need;must;must(2011山东枣庄，28)情态动词推测mustcancouldmaymightcan notcould notmay notmight not肯定推测否定推测三招搞定情态动词推测给出超级肯定依据给定肯定依据给不确定的依据alwaysmustcantmaynot sure-How is your friend coming?-Im not sure.He _ drive here.A mayB.has toC.mustD
23、.will-Look!Mr.Hu is working in the office.-It _ be him.He has gone to England.A.mustnt B.cantC.shouldnt D.wont(2012天津，36)情态动词补充need否定句/疑问句“需要”You neednt buy it.It is free.不必Need we make the test?Yes,we must.No,we neednt.我们必须我们不必既是情态动词，又是行为动词情态动词needShe needs to rest.有人称，数，时态的变化后常接不定式Young people nee
24、d to sleep.行为动词You neednt worry about him.I need to travel.He needs to have a good rest.They need to talk about this question.情态行为行为行为助动词do,does,didhave,has,hadam,is,are,was,wereshall,will 助动词助动词表示时态、语态;构成疑问句、否定句;加强语气Liu is doing his homework now.Do you like it?助动词I will go to school tomorrow.I do like him.落实
