1、情态动词一 情态动词基本用法 1. can和could，用在否定句和疑问句中,表示惊讶，用在否定句和疑问句中。 How could you do such a silly thing?cannot.too/enough 表示“无论.也不过分，越.越好”。 You cant be too careful while driving? 2.may和might的区别 表示许可、可能性、祝愿等意义，might比may更委婉。 A:给别人许可时。-May I play basketball this afternoon？ B:may/might as well+动原，“最好，倒不如”。may作“可以”讲
2、时，疑问句回答用mustnt/cant表示禁止。 3. Must的用法表示禁止（用于否定中） You mustnt smoke in the bedroom.表示偏执、固执 -Could I have a word with you,mum? -Oh dear,if you must.must的否定回答 A:作必须讲时，疑问否定回答用dont have to,neednt B：推测，一定讲时，回答用cant. C:mustnt表禁止。 -May I use your car? -No, you mustnt./-Sorry,youd better not.(委婉)注意：must强调内在职责，而
3、have to 强调迫于外界压力，不得已而为之。 4 .shall的用法一、三人称征求意见时。请求对方时。Shall we begin our class?二，三人称陈述句中，说话人给对方的命令，警告、允诺或威胁。 You shall not get my support if you do such a thing. 5.will和would的区别自愿主动提出，如：意志、愿望或决心，would 过去，will not表示拒绝。 I have told him again and again to stop smoking,but he will not listen.will习惯性动作，有“
4、总是”或“总要”之意。 Everything he will have a walk along this year.would过去习惯性动作，比used to 正式。 Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after Class.used to do 过去常，过去一直-只表示过去。 be used to do “用来”/be used to doing习惯于-可表过、现或将。 6.dare表示敢于 情态：dare do Dare you go home along？ 及物：dare t
5、o do Do they dare to say what she thinks? 7.need用法 情态：need do 及物 need to do表示主动 need doing 被动 My overcoats needs washing. 8. must一定要,必须，应该（现在时） have to 客观需要，能用于更多时态（过去或将来） 注意ought to 表示义务和责任“应该”，比should语气强。 You ought to take care of yourself.二 情态动词表推测用法情态动词适用场合对未来和现在推测对过去的推测(情态动词+完成体)may/might肯、否may
6、/might domay/might have done可能做过，本应做而实际未做。can/could否、疑Could 肯can/could docan/could have done 本应做而实未做cant have done 不肯能做过，语气强烈should肯、否、疑用来表示一种估计的情况，should doshould have done 本应做而未做shouldnt have done 不应该做而做了ought toought to doought to have doneought not to have doneneedneed doneednt have done本来不必而实际已
7、经发生了must肯定句must domust have done一定发生了 1.Sorry,Im late,I might have turned off the alarm clock and go back again. 2.The accident could have been avoided. 3.You should have told me about it earlier. 4.You ought not to have said such words to your parents. 5.You neednt have walked so quickly since time
8、 was enough. 6.He must have completed his work,otherwise,he wouldnt be enjoying himself by seaside.情态动词练习题1.(2011全国卷II,8)If you _ smoke, please go outside.A. can B. should C. must D. may2.（2011北京卷,24）I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He _ come. He said he wasnt certain wha
9、t his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not3.（2011上海春招,27）some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world.A. mustnt B. wont C. mightnt D. shouldnt4.（2011福建卷,25）Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you _, in
10、case he comes late for the meeting .A.will B.must C.may D.can5.（2011安徽卷, 26）What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _.A. will never replace B. would never replaceC. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced6(2011浙江卷,11)
11、Hows your new babysitter?We _ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. should B.might C. mustnt D. couldnt7.（2011四川卷,20）The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they _.A.can B.may C.must D.should8.（2011重庆卷,25）Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? I wa
12、nted to ,but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. should9.（2011陕西卷,24）Will you read me a story ,Mummy?OK. You _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall10.（2011湖南卷,28）No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basket
13、ball.A. can B. need C. must D. might11.(2011辽宁卷,21)If you _ go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. can B. may C. must D. will12（10安徽32）Jack described his father, who _ a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been.13.（10湖南23）You _
14、buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to14. （10江西23）I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will15. （10山东25）I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt16. （10天津9）Mark _ hav
15、e hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt17. （10四川3） _ I take the book out? Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need18. （10全国29）Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon .A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether1
16、9 （10江苏25）I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may20. （陕西 23）May I take this book out of the reading room?No, you _. You read it in here.A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt21 （10全国17）Im a
17、fraid Mr. Harding _see you now. Hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt22. （10湖北79）Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _（不可能做到）because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)23（10辽宁26）Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular e
18、xercise.Acan Bwill Cmust Dmay24 （10北京23）-Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the PersonnelDepartment.-Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs. Peters.A. might B. must C. would D. canPeters了因此排除A,C.D25 （10浙江17）“You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need
19、 B. canC. must D. would情态动词答案1答案 C 解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“如果你非得要抽烟,请到外面去抽.”must (表示主张)一定要,坚持要.根据后一句please go outside的要求,选C.2答案 D解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“我真不喜欢James.你为何请了他?别担心.他可能来不了.他说他的计划还没安排好.”题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全否定might not.选D.3答案 B 解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界.”mustnt禁止,不允许；wont
20、不愿意,就是不,偏不,具有主观性；mightnt可能不；shouldnt不应该.根据句意选B.4答案 B 解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗?恐怕你得这样做,以防他开会迟到.”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得.根据后半句,选B5答案 C 析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“你对将来的商店购物怎么看?我个人认为会与在家购物并存,但商店购物不会被取代.”根据I think it will exist along with home shopping,排除虚拟的选项D,这是表示将来的时间,考虑到被动语态,选C.6答案 D 解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“你的新保姆
21、怎么样?找不到更好的了.我们的孩子们很喜欢她.”should应该；might可能,可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能.根据句意选D.7答案 A 解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子,但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切.”can可以,能够；may可能,许可；must必须；should应该.根据句意,选A.8答案 C 解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会?我想来的,但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来.”could可以,能够,表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能,表示不确定；would愿意,偏要,表示意志；should应该,表示建议、命
22、令、决定等.根据题意选C.9答案 D 解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“妈妈,可以读一个故事给我听吗?好的,如果你马上上床睡觉的话.”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等,题中是母亲对儿子的承诺,故选D.10答案 A 解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明.”can可以,能够；need需要；must必须；might可能.故根据题意,选A.11答案 C 解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“如果你非得走话,至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后.”can可以,能够；may 可能,许可；must(表示主张)一定要,坚持要；will将要,愿意
23、.根据后句的劝告,选C.12答案：D. 考点：本题考查情态动词推测用法.解析：句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人,他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢.”用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测.13答案：D 考点：情态动词 解析：dont have to 意为“没有必要”,符合语境,句意为：“你没有必要买礼物,但如果你想买的话,你也可以买.”14答案：A 考点：考察情态动词的用法.解析： must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了,
24、我还必须重复一遍吗?15答案：A 考点：本题考查情态动词的用法.解析：句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的.”表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A项正确.16答案：A. 考点：考查情态动词.句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的.这么高速驾驶之后,他早半个小时到达了.解析：根据后面的语境,提前半个小时到达,说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙,所以用neednthave done 结构,表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”.17答案：B 考点：考查情态动词.解析：表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may
25、.句意为：“我可以将这本书带出去吗?”“恐怕不行”.故应选表情请求的情态动词may.正确答案为B.18答案：A 句意：耐心一点儿,你不能期望世界变化如此快.通过选项此题考察情态动词,cant在否定句中可以表示推测,译为不可能,可以表示能力,译为不能够,也可以表示命令,不允许,但是语气比mustnt弱,具有劝慰的意思,根据句意此题中选择A,cant表示劝慰.19答案：B 解析：shall在第二人称中表示允诺,还可以表示强制,命令,威胁,警告.还有在法律条文中的要求或规定.20答案：D 解析：考查情态动词.英语中用could,might表示询问或征求意见的问句中,肯定性应答要用can或may来代替
26、could或might,而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt,故本题选D.21答案：A 解析：情态动词考查.结合语境,根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时,要用cant.22答案：cant/ couldnt have done it 考点：情态动词解析：当要对过去进行肯定的推测时,要用 “cant/couldnt+have+done”的结构23答案：C 句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要,但是必须是有规律的锻炼.解析：考查情态动词.Can一般表示“可能,或能力”；will表示“意志”；may表示“许可,可能”；must表示“必须”.24答案：B 考点:本题考查情态动词在语境中的运用.解析：第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约,那下面的人就回应说,那您一定就是Mrs.Peters了因此排除A,C.D25答案：C考点：情态动词
