1、英语高中情态动词练习题及解析一、单项选择情态动词1Lack of sleep _ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.AshallBmustCshouldDcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降,还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将;B. must必须;C. should应该;D. can会,表示理论上或是逻辑判断上,用can,故选D。2I dont really like Janes. Why did you invite him?Dont w
2、orry. He come. He said he wast certain what his plans were.Amust notBneed notCwould notDmight not【答案】D【解析】考察情态动词,题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全否定,might not。3I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child _ make such a foolish mistake.AshallBmustCcanDshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。 句意:我
3、仍然难以想象这样聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的,常常译为竟会、居然,这么聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。表示意外,shall表示允诺,命令等,must表示必须,can表示能力及可能性。所以答案选D。4My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.Ashouldnt have attendedBcouldnt have attendedCmustnt have attendedDneednt have attende
4、d【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查情态动词用法。Shouldnt have done本不应该做某事,实际上却做了(虚拟语气);couldnt have done不可能做某事(对过去情况的推测);neednt have done本不需要做某事,实际上却做了(虚拟语气);句意:我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见了他,所以他不可能去听了你的演讲。故B正确。考点:考查情态动词用法点评:考本题是高考必考考点,一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done 本应该做而实际未做。cant have done 过去不可能做了某事;shouldnt have done
5、 本不应该做而实际做了。 need have done 本有必要做某事;neednt have done 本没有必要做某事;注意没有 mustnt have done的形式。5The weather turned out to be fine. I _ the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.Ashould have takenBmust have takenCcouldnt have takenDneednt have taken【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词 + have done。句意:天气转晴了。我本不必费心把伞带在身边。A. sho
6、uld have taken本应该做某事,而实际上没做; B. must have taken对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测;C. couldnt have taken不可能;D. neednt have taken本来不需要,故选D。6-Can I pay the bill by credit card?-Sorry, sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.AshallBneedCwillDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. shall用于法律法规或
7、条文中,表示义务、规定等;B. need需要;C. will会;D. must必须。句意:我能用信用卡支付么?对不起,先生,现金支付是我们酒店的管理规定。故A项正确。7Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.AneedntBwouldntCmustntDcouldnt【答案】A【解析】 考查情态动词。needt have done 本不必要做某事,句意:迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后,他早到了半个小时。wouldnt不会,mustnt禁止,couldnt不可能,所以选A。8
8、I love the weekend, because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.AmustntBneedntCwouldntDshouldnt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我喜欢周末,因为周六周日不必早起。A. mustnt不能,禁止;B. neednt不必;C. wouldnt不会;D. shouldnt不应该。此处表示“不必”,故B项正确。9Traveling by subway _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.A
9、mustBcanCshallDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险,尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须;一定;B. can能够;可能;C. shall将会;D. should应该;应当。本句中can表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力),故选B。10Whats wrong with you?Oh, I am sick. I _ so much ice cream just now.Ashouldnt eatBmustnt eatCcouldnt have eatenDshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和
10、虚拟语气。句意:你怎么了?我生病了,我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldnt eat不应该吃;B. mustnt eat禁止吃;C. couldnt have eaten不可能吃;D. shouldnt have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just now可知,是发生在过去,故选D。11I feel a little nervous.Take it easy. You _ have difficulty passing the exam when you have prepared for it well.AmustntBneedntCmay notDshouldnt【答案】D【解
11、析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我觉得有点紧张。不要着急。当你准备充分时,通过考试应该不会有困难。A. mustnt禁止,不允许;B. neednt不必;C. may not可能不会;D. shouldnt不应该。结合句意可知答案为D。12The professor warned the students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.Ashould theyBthey shouldCdare theyDthey dare【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使
12、用手机。on no account意为“决不”,否定词放在句首,句子使用部分倒装,排除B、D项;这里表示应该,故选A。13 Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!It doesnt matter. You see, accidents _happen.AshallBshouldCmustDwill【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:妈妈,小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。没事的,你看,意外总会发生。A. shall将要,会;B. should应当;C. must必须;D. will总是。Will可以表示习惯,意思为“惯于,总是”。故D选项正确。【点睛】wi
13、ll/would是情态动词,其表达的意思如下。(1)表示意志或意愿:决心,愿意,好吗?We will do our best to save the child. 我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldnt listen. 我叫她别哭,可她就是不愿听。注:表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时,用Would you? 比用Will you?更婉转。如:Will/Would you please keep the door open? 请让门开着好吗?Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗?(2
14、)表示真理或习惯:惯于,总是。如:Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水面上。She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. 她独自在房间里听音乐,一听往往就是几小时。He would get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在乡下时总是早起。(3)表示要求:一定,必须。如:You will report to me afterward. 你稍后一定要向我报告。(4)表示猜测:可能,大概。如:This will be the house youre lookin
15、g for. 这大概就是你找的那所房子了。(5)表示功能:能。如:This auditorium will/would seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人分析句子可知,本句中的will表示习惯,意思为“惯于,总是”且符合语境。故D选项正确。14He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.AshallBshouldCcanDmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:他是个脾气不好的家伙,但当他希望自己有魅力的时候,他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能
16、、可以”,故C项正确。15It has been announced that all the candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.AshallBcouldCwouldDought【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意:据宣布,所有的候选人都要坐在位置上,直到所有的试卷都被收齐。根据句意可知本句是考试规则,情态动词shall可以表示“按照规则/规定/法律要做的事情”,符合本句语境。故A项正确。16It is really cold and the ground is w
17、et; it _ have rained last night.AmightBmustCcanDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:天气很冷而且地面是湿的,昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知,“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的,故用must have done“必定做了”表示对过去十分有把握的推测,故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done:表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测,推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过(存在过)。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicin
18、e so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生,他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下,因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用,还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测,但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如:They start
19、ed early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了,现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是:They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”(这不是对过去的肯定推测,而是断定动作已经完成。)17Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he _ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.AshouldBcouldCwouldDmight【答
20、案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:安说无论什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候,他就会出去买些东西,通常是一些又大又没用的东西。A. should应该;B. could能;C. would总是,愿意;D. might可能。此处表示过去经常习惯做某事,故选C。18I have something important to tell John. But I cant find him.His cell phone is here, so he _ have gone too far.AmustntBneedntCwouldntDcant【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我有重要的事情要告
21、诉John,但是我找不到他。他的手机在这儿,所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知,此处是对过去的一种猜测,此处是表达不可能,用cant have done。故选D。19It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.AmayBcanCmustDshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意:一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的,因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能;B. can可能;C. must一定;D. should应该。由as he is the only one with
22、 a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的,非常有把握的肯定推测,故选C。20The principal in our school has recently passed a rule that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.AmayBshouldCwillDshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们学校的校长最近通过了一项规定,要求学生在校园里穿校服。分析句子可知,“that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释说明。
23、当表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。【点睛】情态动词shall的用法:1、在主语是第一、三人称的疑问句中征求对方意见:要不要?好吗?如:Shall we go?该走了吧?2、用于二、三人称,在陈述句中表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告、威胁等。如:You shall borrow the book。你可以借这本书。3、表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”。例如本小题,分析句子可知,“that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释
24、说明。当表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。21Are you going on a holiday after the exam?Well, I havent decided yet. I _ find some other choices.AwouldBmightCmustDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:考试后你要去度假吗?嗯,我还没有决定。我可能会发现一些其他的选择。A. would将会;B. might可能;C. must必须;D. should应该。根据上文“ I havent decided ye
25、t”可推断,我可能还有别的选择,表示可能性,might符合语境,故选B。22I _my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes.Ashould passBcould have passedChad passedDmust have passed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意为:我本来能够轻松地通过这次考试的,但是我犯了太多愚蠢的错误。结合语境可知,此处考查虚拟语气,且与过去的事实相反,应用could/would/might have done的结构,could have passed本
26、能通过(事实上未通过),故选B项。【点睛】本题考查情态动词的过去式+have done的虚拟语气的用法,常见结构有should/shouldnt have done; could/couldnt have done/ would/wouldnt have done/ need/ neednt have done/ might have done例如:Without your help, I couldnt have passed the test.如果没有你的帮助,我本不能通过测试。It cleared up, I neednt have brought the umbrella.天放晴了,我
27、本没有必要带伞的。23- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.-Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself.Aneednt doBshouldnt have doneCmustnt doDneednt have done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意: -凯瑟琳,我已经为你打扫了房间。 - - -谢谢。你本不必这么做的。我自己能行。A. neednt do不必做某事;B. shouldnt have done本不应该做某事; C. mustnt do禁止做某事;D. neednt ha
28、ve done本不必做某事。由“Thanks. I could manage it myself”可知,neednt have done“ 本不必做某事,而实际上做了某事”符合句意。故选D项。24It turned out that the hotel was so near. I _ the taxi.Aneednt have takenBmust have takenCshould takeDcould take【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。neednt have done表示“本不必做某事实际上做了”,根据句意,旅馆很近不用乘坐
29、出租车,但是乘车了。故选A。25You _ be Carol. You havent changed a bit after all these years.AmustBcanCwillDshall【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:你肯定是卡罗,这些年你一点也没有变化。must表示对现在的肯定推测;can表示推测,表示可能性;will表示意愿;shall表示表示决心、命令或指示。根据下文“这些年你一点用没有改变”可知,前文表示肯定性推测。故选A。【点睛】must表推测的用法must表示很有把握的推测,其意为“一定会”“肯定会”,只用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未
30、来的情况作推测,后接动词原形。You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦一整天,一定累了(对现在情况的推测判断)I didnt hear the phone. I must have be asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话,我想必是睡着了。26He _ writing the paper now. He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.Ashouldnt beBcant have finishedCcant beDmustnt have fin
31、ished【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查推测句。句意:他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时,他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知,此处考查对过去情况的否定推测,其表达为cant have done不可能做某事,故选B项。【点睛】本题考查推测句对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done对过去情况的否定推测是cant/couldnt have done例如:The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.He cant have finished his work, because he played basketball all
32、 day yesterday.27You _ be right but Im going back to check anyway.AshouldBmustCneedDmight【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:你或许是对的,但我还是要回去核对一下。A. should应该;B. must一定,必须;C. need需要;D. might或许。本题主要考查情态动词表示推测的用法,由Im going back to check anyway可知,我对此不确定。由此可知,D项符合题意。故选D项。【点睛】can / could用于表推测的用法(1)从使用句型上看,can通常只用于否定句或疑问
33、句,一般不用于肯定句,而could可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。两者没有时间上的差别,只是could比 can更委婉,更不确定。(2)从时间关系看,对现在或将来情况作推测,后接动词原形;对正在进行的情况作推测,后接be doing结构;对过去情况作推测,后接动词完成式。二、may / might用于表推测的用法表示推测,两者都可用,只是might比may语气更不确定,表示的可能性更小。如本题,根据Im going back to check anyway可知,我对此不确定。由此可知,D项符合题意。(1)在句型使用方面:两者均可用于肯定句和否定句,但用于疑问句时,may通常不用于句首,但可用于疑
34、问句的句中(如特殊疑问句等),而might尽管可以用于疑问句的句首,但不算普通,通常会改用其他句式(如用could等)。三、must表示推测的用法must表示很有把握的推测,其意为“一定会”“肯定会”,只用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测,后接动词原形;表示对过去情况的推测,接动词完成式。28(2018天津) I cant find my purse. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.Ashould leaveBmust have leftCmight leaveDcould have le
35、ft【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意:我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词+ have done,再根据后句but Im not sure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用情态动词could,表示“可能”。故选D。【点睛】情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点。本题抓住两点:第一、时态。根据句中时间状语可以判断出是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词 + have done;如果是对现在事情的推测,才用情态动词+v原形。第二、情态动词的选择。must为肯定推测,表示“一定”,could为不
36、肯定推测,表示“可能”,这样就能选出正确答案。29Its so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed? Oh, Im not to blame. They _ open.AshantBmustntCwontDwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:-这里又热又不舒服!你的窗户怎么还关着? -哦,不该责备我啊。窗户打不开了。shant= shall not意为“不可, 不应”;mustnt=must not意为“不要”;wouldnt=would not 意为“不会,不愿意”。wont=
37、will not意为“不会, 不能”, will在这里表示能力、功能。例如:This auditorium will seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人。这句话意思是“这扇窗不能打开”,故选C项。30Mr. Smith is almost on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the meeting?AcanBshouldCmayDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:史密斯先生几乎任何事情都是准时的。他怎么可能开会迟到了? A. can可能,可能性,表示可能性
38、时,常用于否定句和疑问句中,且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信” 等感情色彩。B. should 应该; C. may也许,表示可能性时常用于肯定句中,不用于疑问句中。D.must常用于肯定句中表推测,“一定”的意思;本题是强调句型的一个变式:强调其特殊疑问句how的形式。根据前句“斯密斯先生几乎是很准时”可推测出“怎么可能开会迟到呢?”。根据句意可知,用于疑问句中的“可能性”且有不相信的色彩,四个选项只有“can”符合题意。故选A【点睛】情态动词就是表示说话者对事情的一种看法,也就是一种语气。情态动词的用法一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点,平时要加强记忆。31- Difficulties always
39、 go with me!- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a window opened for you.AmustBwouldCcouldDcan【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:困难总是伴随着我!高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门,一定有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须;B. would将要;C. could能,会;D. can能,会。must表示对现在的状态推测时,意为“一定”,表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选A。【点睛】1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为一定。2) m
40、ust表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时, must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。 3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时,must 要接完成式。4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must 后面要接完成进行式。5) 否定推测用cant。本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时,意为一定,表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。32Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You _ have fixed full attention on it.AcanBshouldCneedDmigh
41、t【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:看!你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构,can have done表示可能;need表示需要;might have done表示可能做过某事;故选B。33 -Is Jack on duty today? -It _ be him. Its his turn tomorrow.AmustntBwontCcantDneednt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表示推测。句意:-今天杰克值日吗?-不可能是他。明天该轮到他。cant be用于否定推
42、测“不可能是”,must表示推测的时候,表示“肯定是”,wont不愿意,neednt不必,故选C。34_ you sing and dance at this late hour of the night?Sorry, I will stop right now.AMayBShallCWillDMust【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查情态动词的用法。 May可以,可能 Shall:用于第一三人称的疑问句,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。用于二三人称的陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等。用于法律、法规条文、合同等,按规定应该履行的义务等。Will 表示请求或建议;表示意
43、愿或表示现在的习惯D. Must表示“必须”“一定”“偏要”之意。此处must表示“偏要,偏偏”。句意:你偏要在深夜又唱又跳吗?很抱歉,我会马上停止。考点:考查情态动词的用法。35I use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.AcouldntBmustntCshouldntDneednt【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查情态动词辨析。A不可能;B禁止,千万不能;C不应该;D不需要;句意:我不需要使用闹钟叫醒我,因为每天早上六点都有一列火车经过我的家旁边。根据句意
44、可知我不需要使用闹钟。故D正确。考点:考查情态动词词义辨析36The door _ open, no matter how hard she pushed.AshouldntBcouldntCwouldntDmightnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:无论她怎么使劲推,门就是打不开。A. shouldnt不应该;B. couldnt不能够;C. wouldnt不愿意;D. mightnt可能不。will及其过去式would均可表示一种倾向性、习惯。故选C。37My computer _ start this morning. There must have been something wrong with it.AwouldntBshouldntCcouldntDmustnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。A. wouldnt 不会; B. shouldnt不应该; C. couldnt 不能; D. mustnt禁止,不允许。句意:我的电脑今早启动不了。一定是出了什么问题。此处would表示过去的习惯或反复性的动作。故选A。38Will you read me a story, Mummy? -OK. You _have one if you go to bed as soon as possibl