1、题型题型5 5任务型阅读任务型阅读 任务型阅读是一种新的考查阅读理解能力的方式。从2009年开始，河北省任务型阅读从过去的“把AD四个句子填入文中空缺处使短文完整”转换成“根据短文内容，设判断、选择、填空、填表格、完成句子、找主题句、文中漏空填单词、回答问题、英译汉”等题型。试题既可按以上任意一种形式出现，也可以以任意23种形式出现。这种题型有一定的推广价值，预计2018年中考任务型阅读文章选材丰富，注重生活，试题形式灵活多样，能有效地考查学生的语言综合运用能力。解题技法解题技法指导指导例题精析例题精析2015河北中考Many people believe that yellowing and
2、 wetness are the greatest enemy of stamps.In fact，stamps are afraid of not only wetness，but also light and dirty things.People protect their stamps in several different ways.To protect stamps，we should never touch the stamps with our hands.This avoids moving dirty things onto them.Stamp tweezers(镊子)
3、should be used in all conditions.Stamps are printed things.The colour will slowly disappear if the stamps are put in the light for a long time.So we should not put stamps in the light for long.Direct sunlight must be avoided as well.Wetness is an important problem for stamps.Some collectors will put
4、 stamps in separate plastic(塑料)bags.However，it is possible that some stamps have taken in some water from the air before they are put into the plastic bags.Stamps become yellow easily and rapidly after they take in wet air.To protect the stamps，some people also put the stamps into a special room whi
5、ch has a machine to keep the air cool and dry.However，not many people can afford that.To keep_stamps stamp_collectors_usually_put_them_under_plastic_covers.It is a common and simple way.This helps because the plastic cover keeps the stamps off the wet air.It also stops the fingers from touching the
6、stamps.Some collectors prefer to store stamps inside a plastic box with desiccants(干燥剂)However，we should take care not to let the stamps touch the desiccants.On top of that，dont take your stamps out on a wet day.1题完成句子；23题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下全文的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1One way to protect stamps is that we shoul
7、d never touch them _2What will disappear if we put the stamps in the light for long?_3When do stamps become yellow easily and rapidly?_4._5._【主旨大意】这篇文章给我们介绍了保存邮票应该注意的一些问题。包括避免一些脏的东西，不能直接被阳光照射，注意防潮等等。邮票收集者还会把邮票保存在有干燥剂的塑料袋子里。1【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“To protect stamps，we should never touch the stamps with
8、 our hands.”可知，我们永远不能用手来触碰这些邮票。【答案】with our hands2【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一、二句“Stamps are printed things.The colour will slowly disappear if the stamps are put in the light for a long time.”可知答案。【答案】The colour/Colour/The color/Color.3【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段第四句“Stamps become yellow easily and rapidly after they
9、take in wet air.”可知答案。【答案】After they take in wet air.4【解析】主旨大意题。整篇文章介绍人们保存邮票的方法。故文章第一段中的最后一句可以概括全文。【答案】People protect their stamps in several different ways.5【答案】为了保存邮票，集邮者(们)通常把它们(邮票)放在塑料封面下(边)覆盖。技法点拨技法点拨1完成句子类该题要求考生根据文章来补充句子，考生只需找到该句的位置，与题干一一对照，找出其中相应位置空缺的内容补上即可。填好所缺单词，做完题后还要从句子结构、语法形式和意义上进行复查、确保答
10、案正确。2回答问题类回答问题类题目，在答题前，首先应该快速浏览所提问题，然后带着这个问题，有的放矢地去阅读文章，获取与问题有关的信息。对那些在文章中找不到答案的问题，必须再通读全文，对获得的信息进行整理，通篇考虑，才能写出答案。答完问题后要进行检查，确保答案在语法、拼写及标点等方面准确无误。3单词填空类此类题主要考查学生对文章整体或段落的理解能力。学生首先要清楚所缺单词的词性，然后根据语境、上下文意思等判断出该单词，最后一定要注意所填单词的形式正确。4找主题句类如果题干要求找出某自然段的主题句，学生必须仔细阅读该自然段，掌握其大意，找出能概括该自然段的主题句。如果题干要求找出文章的主题句，则需
11、要浏览文章大意。通常主题句位于自然段或文章的开头或结尾。5英译汉类解答英译汉的题目，先略读全文，从整体上把握整篇文章的内容，并理解画线部分与文章其他部分之间的语法及逻辑关系，然后找出句中的固定短语、从句或固定句型等，翻译出合理的汉语句子。解答此类题型时要注意：(1)要根据上下文翻译，不要断章取义；(2)翻译时要与汉语语言习惯相联系，不要逐词翻译；(3)注意文化差异；(4)注意习语、谚语。即时运用即时运用Passage 1文体议论文话题金钱与幸福词数235 In todays world many people seem to be hungry for money.Some of them e
12、ven lose their lives for it.Money does have its most useful affection to the poor，but once a person has a rich life，a lot more money doesnt mean more happiness.So money is not everything.If money was everything，all millionaires would have true love，true friendship，good health and a long life.However
13、，this is not always true.Nothing else is more pleasant than the three words，which are“I love you”But can love be bought？Im afraid not.Love means to give，not to take.To every person，health and long life are probably the most precious(珍贵的)things.Well，can health and a long life be bought with money？The
14、 answer is“No”Of all the longest living people in the world，few of them are millionaires.True friendship cant be bought either.In a word，where money is worshiped(崇拜)，money can cause brothers to quarrel，lovers to hate，strangers to fight and so on.No_matter_how_much_money_you_have，it_is_still_not_enou
15、gh_to_make_you_a_happy_person_if_you_have_no_one_to_laugh_with，no_one_to_cry_for.12题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下全文的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1According to the writer，the most precious things for every person are_health_and_long_life_2In the world，some people even lose their lives _for_money_according to the passag
16、e.3What does love mean?_Love_means_to_give，not_to_take.4._Money_is_not_everything.5不管你有多少钱，如果没有人和你共同欢笑，共同哭泣，你也不是一个幸福的人。【主旨大意】在当今世界，许多人渴望金钱，他们中的一些人甚至为了钱失去了生命。对于穷人，钱有很大的影响。但是，如果一个人有更多的钱，并不意味着有更多的幸福。无论你拥有多少金钱，如果你没有一个可以与你一起哭和笑的人，你也不会是一个幸福的人。1health and long life根据第四段第二句“To every person，health and long l
17、ife are probably the most precious things.”可知答案。2for money根据第一段第一、二句“In todays world many people seem to be hungry for money.Some of them even lose their lives for it.”可知答案。3Love means to give，not to take.根据第四段第一句“Love means to give，not to take.”可知答案。4Money is not everything.通读全文可知虽然许多人渴望金钱，但是金钱不是万能
18、的。这是中心句。5不管你有多少钱，如果没有人和你共同欢笑，共同哭泣，你也不是一个幸福的人。Passage 2文体记叙文话题人物故事词数350 The famous scientist and thinker，Charles Darwin(查尔斯达尔文)，was born on February 12，1809.His family lived not far from the River Severn，England.Charles father was a wellknown doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist
19、.Charles father hoped that his son would also become a doctor.As a boy Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests.He watched nature and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books.He also liked collecting very much.He collected many things：eggs，stones and leaves.Hi
20、s father did not like this，as Charles was not studying very well at school.At the age of sixteen，Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University in order to become a doctor.But he was interested in the history of nature.Then he studied at Cambridge University until 1831.Some time later，he heard that the shi
21、p Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist.His professor advised him to go.He said the trip would be just for Darwin.So when the ship left England in December 1831，Darwin was on it.The research lasted almost five years.The Beagle studied the water in the sea near South Amer
22、ica.It also visited New Zealand，Australia and islands in the Pacific.Darwin saw many new plants and animals.He collected all kinds of plants，which he sent home from the places he visited.When he returned home，Darwin was warmly greeted by his families and many friends.In 1842，Darwin went to live in K
23、ent，where he continued his studies of the changes in nature.Darwin_understood_that_plants_and_animals_are_not_always_the_same，and_that_they_really_change.By 1859，Darwin had finished his famous book The Origin of Species(物种起源)It made a great hit in the world of science.He was opposed(反对)by the church
24、 and even by some scientists.But later，more and more scientists agreed with him.Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882.12题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题给这篇文章拟一个恰当的题目；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University in order that he could_become_a_doctor_2Darwin collected many things：_
25、eggs，stones_and_leaves_3When did Charles die?_In_1882.4._Charles_Darwin_5._达尔文明白了植物和动物不总是一成不变的，他们确实在变化中。【主旨大意】本文叙述了著名的科学家查尔斯达尔文的生平，以及在世界上引起轰动的物种起源的编写过程。Passage 3文体说明文话题睡眠词数316 Have you ever stayed up late one night?Did you feel tired the next day?Did you feel badtempered?It is because your body miss
26、ed its sleep!So why does a good nights sleep make you feel better?Scientists have studied sleep to find the answer to this question.They have found some different reasons.First，sleep helps your body stay healthy.Even_though_you_are_sleepingyour_body_is_still_active.Sleep gives your body a chance to
27、repair itself.Sleep also helps your body to rest.How?Your body does not need as much energy when it slows down.The beat of your heart and your breathing rate become slower，which lowers your bodys energy level.Your body needs rest after a busy day.Sleep is important for your brain，too.During the day
28、your brain gathers information.At night while you are sleeping，your brain reviews everything that you did during the day.It saves some of your experiences so you can remember them.Some scientists think all this reviewing causes you to dream.What happens if you do not have enough sleep?People who mis
29、s too much sleep have trouble paying attention.They make more mistakes in their work.Scientists believe that people who miss more than three days of sleep may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there.Students need between 8 and 10 hours of sleep each night.What can you do
30、 to help give your body a good nights sleep?Ways to help you sleepRun and play outside during the day.Drink a glass of milk before going to bed.Go to bed on time.Read a book in bed.Have a dark，quiet room.Follow these steps and you will begin to feel relaxed and happy.Nothing else will help your body
31、 like a good nights sleep.12题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题写出文章的主旨；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1At night while we are sleeping，our brain reviews everything_that_we_did_during_the_day_2The beat of your heart and your breathing rate_become_slower_when we sleep.3How many ways are mentioned to help you sleep?_5/Five.4.A_good_night
32、s_sleep_makes_you_feel_better./_Nothing_else_will_help_your_body_like_a_good_nights_sleep./_A_good_sleep_is_good_for_your_health.5即使你处于睡眠状态，你的身体仍然是活跃的。【主旨大意】本文主要说明了熬夜为什么会使人劳累以及发脾气，充足的睡眠帮助身体保持健康，对大脑也非常有好处，然后给出了怎样保证充足睡眠的几条方法。1that we did during the day根据第五段第三句“At night while you are sleeping，your brai
33、n reviews everything that you did during the day.”可知答案。2become slower根据第四段第四句“The beat of your heart and your breathing rate become slower”可知答案。35/Five根据文中黑体字“Ways to help you sleep”下面给出了五点可知答案。4A good nights sleep makes you feel better./Nothing else will help your body like a good nights sleep./A good sleep is good for your health.通读全文可知文章讲的是好的睡眠的益处。5即使你处于睡眠状态，你的身体仍然是活跃的。
