1、Unit 21Body language.重要单词聚焦重要单词聚焦1 adj.不公正的；不公平的不公正的；不公平的2 vt.避免；消除避免；消除3 adj.&adv.在前；向前；提前在前；向前；提前4 vt.折叠；合拢；抱住折叠；合拢；抱住5 adj.疯狂的；狂热的；疯狂的；狂热的；(建筑等建筑等)不安全的不安全的6 vt.&vi.分开；分离分开；分离7 n.握手握手unfairavoidaheadfoldcrazyparthandshake 8 n.怒；愤怒怒；愤怒9 vi.发生；出现发生；出现10 adj.具体的；特有的具体的；特有的11 n.顾客；主顾顾客；主顾12 vt.&vi.做成做
2、成(某事某事)；管理；经营；管理；经营13 vt.改变；使多样化改变；使多样化vi.变化；不同变化；不同14 adj.(指动作指动作)稳定而有力的；牢固的稳定而有力的；牢固的angeroccurspecificcustomermanagevaryfirm 15 vt.&vi.弯曲；专心于；屈服弯曲；专心于；屈服16 adv.轻轻地；温柔地轻轻地；温柔地17.adj.无用的，无效的无用的，无效的18 n.(兴趣活动等的兴趣活动等的)中心；焦点中心；焦点bendgently uselessfocus.重点短语扫描重点短语扫描1 在在之前；胜过；超过之前；胜过；超过2 给某人帮助给某人帮助3 通过；
3、度过；到达通过；度过；到达4 弄倒某物；拆除某物弄倒某物；拆除某物5 举起；拿起；举出举起；拿起；举出6 按顺序；整齐按顺序；整齐ahead of give sb.a hand get through tear down hold up in order 7 与与交流交流8 摇头摇头9 至于，关于至于，关于10 停放，依靠，寄托停放，依靠，寄托communicate with shake ones head as to rest on.课文原句突破课文原句突破1然而在巴西和德国，这种手势是粗鲁的。然而在巴西和德国，这种手势是粗鲁的。In Brazil and Germany，_，the ges
4、ture is rude.答案答案：however2尽管对于身势语的解释五花八门，但某些手势似乎是全球通用的。尽管对于身势语的解释五花八门，但某些手势似乎是全球通用的。_there are many different interpretations of our body language，some gestures seem to be universal.答案答案：while3双手合十，把头贴在手背上，同时闭上双眼好像睡着的样子，意思是双手合十，把头贴在手背上，同时闭上双眼好像睡着的样子，意思是“我累了我累了”。Pressing ones palms together and resti
5、ng ones head on the back of ones hand while closing the eyes_ _sleeping means“I am tired”答案答案：as if4如果我们情绪低落或感到孤独，那么没有比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。如果我们情绪低落或感到孤独，那么没有比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is_ _ _to see the smiling face of a good friend.答案答案：nothing better than5在哪些场合我们需要非常注意我们的身势语和姿势
6、？在哪些场合我们需要非常注意我们的身势语和姿势？What are some situations _ we need to be very careful about our body language and gestures?答案答案：whereavoid vt.逃避；避免；回避逃避；避免；回避教材原句教材原句P58：avoiding eye contactIn order to avoid the heavy traffic on the roads，I set out ten minutes earlier every morning.为了避免遇到交通高峰期，我每天早上早出发十分钟。为
7、了避免遇到交通高峰期，我每天早上早出发十分钟。Children quickly learned how to avoid punishment/being punished.孩子们孩子们很快就学会了如何逃避惩罚。很快就学会了如何逃避惩罚。I tried to avoid answering his questions.我设法避免回答他的问题。我设法避免回答他的问题。后跟动名词作宾语的动词很多，可用下列方式记忆：后跟动名词作宾语的动词很多，可用下列方式记忆：避免错过少延期避免错过少延期(avoidmissput off/postpone)建议完成多练习建议完成多练习(suggestfinishp
8、ractise)喜欢想像禁不住喜欢想像禁不住(enjoyimaginecant help)承认否定与嫉妒承认否定与嫉妒(admitdenyenvy)逃避冒险莫原谅逃避冒险莫原谅(escaperiskexcuse)忍受保持不介意忍受保持不介意(standkeepmind)Faced with the financial crisis，none of us are willing to risk losing our jobs.面临这场金融危机，我们没有一个愿意去冒失去工作的危险。面临这场金融危机，我们没有一个愿意去冒失去工作的危险。1.David stole into the classroom
9、 by the back door to avoid_by our teacher standing by the window.Ato see BseeingChaving seen Dbeing seen解析解析：avoid doingavoid doing避免避免，根据题意，根据题意“他避免被老师看见他避免被老师看见”，所以应，所以应用用v.v.inging形式的被动语态。形式的被动语态。答案答案：D2(2011杭州检测二杭州检测二)If your car isnt insured，you may_losing everything when it hits something soli
10、d.Adelay BdenyCavoid Drisk解析解析：该题考查动词。该题考查动词。A.A.耽搁；耽搁；B.B.否认；否认；C.C.避免；避免；D.D.冒险。如果你不给你冒险。如果你不给你的车入保险，那么，当你的车发生碰撞后，你可能会冒失去一切的危险。的车入保险，那么，当你的车发生碰撞后，你可能会冒失去一切的危险。答案答案：Dmanage vt.&vi.做成做成(某事某事)；管理；经营；管理；经营教材原句教材原句P58：No，thanks.I can manage it myself.(1)manage a school/factory/company经营一所学校经营一所学校/工厂工厂/
11、公司公司manage to do sth.设法做成某事设法做成某事be badly managed经营不善经营不善(2)management n管理，经营管理，经营manager n负责人，经理负责人，经理In spite of her anger，she managed not to lose her temper.她尽管很生气，还是忍着没有发脾气。她尽管很生气，还是忍着没有发脾气。It is not easy to manage such a large hotel.管理这么一家大旅馆可不容易。管理这么一家大旅馆可不容易。You need to learn to manage your t
12、ime more effectively.你需要学会如何有效地利用时间。你需要学会如何有效地利用时间。But for your help，they couldnt have managed it.没有你们的帮助，他们是干不成的。没有你们的帮助，他们是干不成的。辨析：辨析：manage to do sth.与与try to do sth.(1)manage to do sth.意为意为“设法完成设法完成”，表示经过努力达到了目的。，表示经过努力达到了目的。Though we left home very late，we managed to catch the last bus.尽管我们出门很晚
13、，但我们赶上了末班车。尽管我们出门很晚，但我们赶上了末班车。(2)try to do sth.表示表示“尽力去做某事尽力去做某事”，不包含是否成功的意思。，不包含是否成功的意思。He tried to stop a car but he failed.他设法要拦一辆车，但没拦住。他设法要拦一辆车，但没拦住。3.He_to escape from the prison，but he couldnt find anybody to help him.Asucceeded BattemptedCadvised Dmanaged解析解析：succeed succeed 后不接不定式作宾语，后不接不定式
14、作宾语，advise doing sth.advise doing sth.建议做某事；建议做某事；manage to do sth.manage to do sth.成功做成某事，与题意不符。成功做成某事，与题意不符。答案答案：B4The earthquake survivor，who was an old lady of more than eighty，_to live without food and water for nearly two weeks and was helped out in the end.Akept BtriedCManaged Dsucceeded答案答案：
15、C5Can I help you with that heavy box?No，thanks._.AI can do it myself BI can make it myselfCI can manage it myself DI can carry it myself答案答案：C6Though he was badly hurt，the driver_to get out of the car and_help.Amanaged；got Bmanaged；getCtried；got Dtried；get解析解析：由连词由连词thoughthough可知，司机应该是从车中爬出来，强调结果用可
16、知，司机应该是从车中爬出来，强调结果用manage to do sth.manage to do sth.；第二空与第一空是用；第二空与第一空是用andand连接的并列结构，时态要一连接的并列结构，时态要一致，用过去时。致，用过去时。答案答案：Acrazy adj.疯狂的，着迷的疯狂的，着迷的教材原句教材原句P59：The“crazy”gesture，moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear，means“you have a phone call”in Brazil.The boy has grown crazy about
17、 football.那孩子越来越痴迷于足球。那孩子越来越痴迷于足球。The young man worked like crazy so that he could forget the sadness of losing his close friend.这年轻人发疯似地工作，以此来忘记失去密友的痛苦。这年轻人发疯似地工作，以此来忘记失去密友的痛苦。It is crazy of you to buy the car at such a high price.居然花那么高的价钱去买这辆车，你真是疯了。居然花那么高的价钱去买这辆车，你真是疯了。He went crazy with fear.他因
18、害怕而变得疯狂。他因害怕而变得疯狂。7.The girl is_about dancing.She believes she can become a good dancer some day.Acrazy BfondCinterested Ddevoted解析解析：be crazy aboutbe crazy about对对狂热，热爱狂热，热爱，迷上，迷上。答案答案：Aoccur vi.发生；出现；发生；出现；(某事某事)被想到；被想到；(某种想法某种想法)浮现在脑海中浮现在脑海中教材原句教材原句P63：Put numbers next to all the things in the or
19、der they occur.The possibility that she might be wrong never occurred to her.她压根没想到自己可能会错。她压根没想到自己可能会错。I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred.我正沿街寻找停车点时，突然发生了事故。我正沿街寻找停车点时，突然发生了事故。When Babbage was working at Cambridge，a new idea occurred to him.在在剑桥工作时，巴比
20、奇想到了一个新主意。剑桥工作时，巴比奇想到了一个新主意。It occurred to her that she should adopt the homeless child.她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。8.Why are you so late?I was in half the way when it_to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it.Aoccurred BhitChappened Dreminded解析解析：答语意为：走到半路时，我突然想起我把笔记本忘
21、在家里了，因此答语意为：走到半路时，我突然想起我把笔记本忘在家里了，因此我不得不回去取。我不得不回去取。It occurred to sb.It occurred to sb.为一固定句型，意为为一固定句型，意为“某人突然想起某人突然想起”。答案答案：A9完成句子完成句子I didnt know what to do，but then_(我忽然想起一个我忽然想起一个主意主意)答案答案：an idea suddenly occurred to/hit mefocus n(兴趣、活动等兴趣、活动等)中心；焦点中心；焦点教材原句教材原句P63：Think about the purpose and
22、focus of your story.The unattended children in villages has been the main focus of attention by the media.农村留守儿童已经成为媒体关注的焦点。农村留守儿童已经成为媒体关注的焦点。They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃免受病害。他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃免受病害。The film helps people focus their attention on the living conditio
23、ns of those living in the slums in India.这部电影帮助人们去关注生活在印度贫民窟中的人们的这部电影帮助人们去关注生活在印度贫民窟中的人们的生活状况。生活状况。All her energies are focused upon her children.她全部精力都倾注到了孩子们身上。她全部精力都倾注到了孩子们身上。10.When he stood before the crowd，he felt uneasy with all the eyes_him.Afocusing on Bfocused onCfocused with Dfocusing wit
24、h答案答案：B11Most of us know we should cut down on fat，but knowing such things isnt much help when it_shopping and eating.Arefers to Bspeaks ofCfocuses on Dcomes to答案答案：D12Public attention at the moment is_on the problem of industrial relations.Acalled BpaidCfocused Dput解析解析：考查词义辨析。句意为：目前公众的注意力集中在工业问题上。
25、考查词义辨析。句意为：目前公众的注意力集中在工业问题上。答案答案：Cahead of在在之前；比别人做得好；提前之前；比别人做得好；提前教材原句教材原句P58：Somebody is late for a flight and wants to go ahead of the queue.The twins are ahead of the other students in their class.这对双胞胎的成绩在他们班是遥遥领先。这对双胞胎的成绩在他们班是遥遥领先。You should make a plan for your study ahead of time.你应该提前制定一个学
26、习计划。你应该提前制定一个学习计划。May I use your pen？我可以用一下你的钢笔吗？我可以用一下你的钢笔吗？Yes，go ahead.行，用吧。行，用吧。However，the government is planning to go ahead with the building next year.然而，政府却计划明年就着手建造。然而，政府却计划明年就着手建造。13.May I open the window to let in some fresh air?_.ACome on!BTake care!CGo ahead!DHold on!解析解析：句意为：句意为：我可以开窗
27、进点新鲜空气吗？我可以开窗进点新鲜空气吗？开吧！开吧！Go aheadGo ahead干干吧，用吧，符合语境，故吧，用吧，符合语境，故C C项正确。项正确。答案答案：Cget through通过；度过；到达；完成；接通通过；度过；到达；完成；接通(电话电话)教材原句教材原句P60：A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.I have tried to phone him several times，but couldnt get through.我
28、设法我设法给他打了几次电话，但就是打不通。给他打了几次电话，但就是打不通。The woman was so fat that she couldnt get through the doorway.这女人胖这女人胖得连门都通不过。得连门都通不过。They had got through most of the work before the manager came back.在在经理回来之前他们已经把大部分工作都完成了。经理回来之前他们已经把大部分工作都完成了。With their house destroyed in the earthquake，the family didnt know
29、 how to get through the bitter winter.由于房子已经在地震中毁掉了，这一家人不知道如何度过由于房子已经在地震中毁掉了，这一家人不知道如何度过这个寒冷的冬天。这个寒冷的冬天。I was in a meeting and couldnt find an excuse to get away.我正在开会，找不到脱身离开的理由。我正在开会，找不到脱身离开的理由。14.(2009全国全国)I tried phoning her office，but I couldnt_.Aget along Bget onCget to Dget through解析解析：考查动词搭配
30、辨析。句意为：我试着拔了她办公室电话，但是打不考查动词搭配辨析。句意为：我试着拔了她办公室电话，但是打不通。通。get alongget along前进，进展；前进，进展；get onget on上上(车、马等车、马等)；get toget to到达；到达；get throughget through打打通电话。通电话。答案答案：Dhold up举起；拿起；阻滞；提出某人举起；拿起；阻滞；提出某人(事物事物)作为范例作为范例教材原句教材原句P61：hold up ones head抬起头抬起头The boy held the picture up so that we can see it c
31、learly.男孩将画举起来以便我们都能看清楚。男孩将画举起来以便我们都能看清楚。We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam.我们在前往机场的路上因为堵车而延误了。我们在前往机场的路上因为堵车而延误了。She is always holding up her children as models of behaviour.她总标榜自己的子女是良好品行的榜样。她总标榜自己的子女是良好品行的榜样。Could you hold on？Ill just see if the managers in.你不要挂断电话好吗？我去看一看
32、经理在不在。你不要挂断电话好吗？我去看一看经理在不在。The boss was unable to hold back his anger any longer.老板再也抑制不住怒火了。老板再也抑制不住怒火了。15.What a pity！I missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was_in the traffic jam.Abroken up Bkept backCheld up Dkept up解析解析：句意为句意为“真可惜，我没有在飞机场见到我的老板，因为被交通堵塞真可惜，我没有在飞机场见到我的老板，因为被交通堵塞耽误
33、了耽误了”。答案答案：C16(2008年江苏卷年江苏卷)Is Peter there?_，please.Ill see if I can find him for you.AHold up BHold onCHold out DHold off解析解析：句意为：句意为：是彼得吗？是彼得吗？请稍等，我帮你去找找他。本题是电请稍等，我帮你去找找他。本题是电话用语。话用语。Hold onHold on别挂，等会儿，等等，坚持；别挂，等会儿，等等，坚持；Hold up Hold up 耽搁，支撑；耽搁，支撑；Hold outHold out维持，持续；维持，持续；Hold offHold off拖延，
34、推迟。拖延，推迟。答案答案：B17Why are you so late?Bad luck.A car accident took place far outside the town，and so we were_on the way.Astopped BkeptCheld up Dprevented答案答案：C(P60)And if we are feeling downor lonely，there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.如果我们情绪低落或感到孤独，那么没有什么比如果我们情绪低落或感
35、到孤独，那么没有什么比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。看到好友的笑脸更好的了。(1)There is nothing better than to do sth.是一句型，意为是一句型，意为“没有比做某事再没有比做某事再好的了，没有什么能强过好的了，没有什么能强过”。There is nothing better than to have a hot bath after a whole days work.没有没有什么比工作一天后洗个热水澡再好的了。什么比工作一天后洗个热水澡再好的了。There is nothing better than to help yourself to a cold dr
36、ink in hot summer.没没有什么强过在炎热的夏天喝杯冷饮料的了。有什么强过在炎热的夏天喝杯冷饮料的了。(2)down此处是形容词，意为气馁的，沮丧的；虚弱的。此处是形容词，意为气馁的，沮丧的；虚弱的。He is badly down；wed better have a hearttoheart talk with him.他情绪很不他情绪很不好，我们最好跟他谈谈心。好，我们最好跟他谈谈心。He looks down.I think he must be tired.他显得很虚弱，我想他准是太劳累了。他显得很虚弱，我想他准是太劳累了。18.(全国卷全国卷)When you are
37、lost，there is nothing_than to stay where you are，waiting for help.Amore BbetterCworse Drather解析解析：There is nothing better than to do sth.There is nothing better than to do sth.是固定句式，意为最是固定句式，意为最好做某事；没有比好做某事；没有比再好了。句意为：再好了。句意为：“当你迷路的时候，最好的方式就是待当你迷路的时候，最好的方式就是待在原处不动，等待援助。在原处不动，等待援助。”答案答案：B(P60)What ar
38、e some situations where we need to be very careful about our body language and gestures?在哪些场合我们需要非常注意我们的身势语和姿势？在哪些场合我们需要非常注意我们的身势语和姿势？句中句中where引导的是定语从句，相当于引导的是定语从句，相当于in which，因为，因为situation与介词与介词in搭搭配。配。当先行词为当先行词为case，point，situation时，常用时，常用where引导定语从句。引导定语从句。He has reached the point where a change
39、 is needed.他到了必须改一改的地步。他到了必须改一改的地步。We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.我们在这种处境下可能会损失大量金钱。我们在这种处境下可能会损失大量金钱。Can you think of a situation where this word can be used?你能想出能使用这个单词的语境吗？你能想出能使用这个单词的语境吗？19.(福建高考福建高考)Its helpful to put children in a situation_they can see themselves
40、differently.Athat BwhenCwhich Dwhere解析解析：句意为：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境句意为：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。本题考查定语从句，先行词是中对他们有益。本题考查定语从句，先行词是situationsituation，代入定语从句后为：，代入定语从句后为：They can see themselves differently in the situation.They can see themselves differently in the situation.由此可见，先行词由此可见，先行词在
41、定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词；而在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词；而whenwhen表表“时间时间”，不合本题要求，只有，不合本题要求，只有wherewhere符合本题要求。符合本题要求。答案答案：D20(浙江高考浙江高考)I have reached a point in my life_I am supposed to make decisions of my own.Awhich BwhereChow Dwhy解析解析：句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。wherewhere引导引导定语从句修饰先行词定语从句修饰先行词poin
42、tpoint。答案答案：B.品句填词品句填词1Andrea still feels a lot of_(愤怒愤怒)towards her mom，who left when she was a little girl.答案答案：anger2The money is to be used for one_(具体的具体的)purpose：the building of the new theatre.答案答案：specific3Having finished the writing，the little boy_(折叠折叠)the letter in half carefully and put
43、it in an envelope.答案答案：folded4The hotel rooms_(不同不同)in size，but all of them have televisions and telephones.答案答案：vary5Youre_(疯狂的疯狂的)to lend him all that moneyyoull never get it back.答案答案：crazy6Its too dangerous！Make sure the ladder is_(牢固的牢固的)before you start to climb next time.答案答案：firm.巧思妙解巧思妙解1.(
44、陕西高考陕西高考)Today，well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.Awhich BasCwhy Dwhere解析解析：本题考查定语从句。定语从句中有些特例，那就是本题考查定语从句。定语从句中有些特例，那就是casecase，pointpoint，situationsituation等词作定语从句的先行词，若定语从句缺状语，则用等词作定语从句的先行词，若定语从句缺状语，则用wherewhere引导。此处引导。此处先行词为先行词为casescases，后面定语
45、从句缺少状语，故选，后面定语从句缺少状语，故选wherewhere。答案答案：D2(江西高考江西高考)After graduation she reached a point in her career_she needed to decide what to do.Athat BwhatCwhich Dwhere解析解析：句意为：毕业后她走到了一个要由她决定做什么的人生转折点。句意为：毕业后她走到了一个要由她决定做什么的人生转折点。a a pointpoint在本句中作定语从句的先行词，表地点在本句中作定语从句的先行词，表地点/时间。定语从句中不使用时间。定语从句中不使用whatwhat充当
46、充当关系词，故排除关系词，故排除B B项。项。a pointa point需在从句中充当地点状语，故排除需在从句中充当地点状语，故排除A A、C C两项。两项。答案答案：D3Now there is just one point _ I wish you to make clear.Awhere BthatCwhether Dwhen解析解析：make sth.clearmake sth.clear使使清楚。清楚。thatthat引导定语从句，在从句中作宾引导定语从句，在从句中作宾 语语。答案答案：B4.(山东高考山东高考)Were just trying to reach a point_b
47、oth sides will sit down together and talk.Awhere BthatCwhen Dwhich解析解析：pointpoint在该句中为先行词，且在从句中作状语使用，故用在该句中为先行词，且在从句中作状语使用，故用wherewhere引导引导定语从句。该句意为：我们努力达到双方愿意坐下来谈判的地步。定语从句。该句意为：我们努力达到双方愿意坐下来谈判的地步。答案答案：A.语法专练语法专练本单元语法本单元语法动词动词inging作主语、宾语和表语作主语、宾语和表语1(2011西安八校联考西安八校联考)If the babysitter cannot come t
48、omorrow，do you mind_alone at home，doing his homework?AFreds leaving BFred being leftCFreds having left DFred having been left解析解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果明天保姆不能来的话，你介意把考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果明天保姆不能来的话，你介意把FredFred一个人留在家里做作业吗？在一个人留在家里做作业吗？在would/do you mindwould/do you mind之后通常接动名词的复之后通常接动名词的复合结构，即在动名词之前加上物主代词合结构，即在动名词
49、之前加上物主代词/名词的所有格来表明动名词动作的发名词的所有格来表明动名词动作的发出者。当动名词的复合结构作宾语时可用宾格代词或名词的普通格代替物主代出者。当动名词的复合结构作宾语时可用宾格代词或名词的普通格代替物主代词或名词的所有格。词或名词的所有格。Fred being leftFred being left符合动名词复合结构的构成方法，而且符合动名词复合结构的构成方法，而且用一般式表示该动作尚未发生。用一般式表示该动作尚未发生。答案答案：B2(2011金丽衢十二校联考金丽衢十二校联考)_by his grandparents in the countryside，he isnt accu
50、stomed to_in the city.AHaving brought up；live BGrown up；livingCGrowing up；live DBrought up；living解析解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为考查非谓语动词。句意为“因为他被祖父母在乡下抚养长大，所因为他被祖父母在乡下抚养长大，所以不习惯城市的生活以不习惯城市的生活”。bring upbring up与与hehe之间在逻辑上是动宾关系，故此处用过之间在逻辑上是动宾关系，故此处用过去分词形式。去分词形式。be accustomed tobe accustomed to习惯于，习惯于，toto是介词，后面要用动名词
