1、Unit 1 Teenage LifeDiscovering Useful Structure名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语I.名词短语II.形容词短语III.副词短语一.名词短语(noun phrase,简称NP)定义:名词短语是指由几个名词或名词及其修饰语构成的短语。它是英语句子的核心组成部分。构成:名词的修饰语与名词有两种位置关系:一是放在被修饰名词的前面,叫做前置定语或定语;二是放在被修饰名词的后面,叫做后置定语。具体形式具体形式:1.两个或多个名词可以由 and等对等连词连接,构成名词短语2.冠词作修饰语,可与后面的名词构成名词短语3.名词本身作修饰语,可与后面的名词构成名词短语4.
2、形容词作修饰语,可与后面的名词构成名词短语。5.介词及其宾语作修饰语,可与前面的名词构成名词短语。6.不定式或不定式短语作修饰语,可与前面的名词构成名词短语。7.分词作修饰语,可与后面的名词构成名词短语。8.动名词作修饰语,可与后面的名词构成名词短语。功能:名词短语可以在句中充当主语、宾语、宾补等。The handsome young man is Jimsbrother.那个英俊的年轻人是吉姆的兄弟。(作主语)I learn that youre coming to visit one of your Chinese friends.我知道你要来拜访你的一个中国朋友。(作宾语)We made
3、 him our group leader.我们让他当我们的组长。(作宾补)二.形容词短语(Adjective Phrase,简称AdjP)定义定义:形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。构成:1.两个或多个形容词可以由 and,but等并列连词连接,构成形容词短语。2.very,enough等程度副词作修饰语,可与形容词构成形容词短语。3.介词及其宾语可用在形容词后作修饰语,可与形容一起构成形容词短语。4.不定式在形容词后作修饰语,与形容词一起构成形容词短语。功能功能:形容词短语可作定语、表语、宾补和状语等。Li Ming is a high school student
4、always ready to help others.李明是一名高中生,总是乐于助人。(作定语)China is rich in natural resoures.中国自然资源丰富。(作表语)We found them tired and sleepy at home.我们发现他们在家又累又困。(作宾补)Much interested,he agreed to give it a try.他很感兴趣,答应试一试。(作状语)三 副词短语副词短语(Adverb Phrase,简称AdvP)定义：副词短语是指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语，副词短语以副词为核心词,同时整个短语在句子中仍然为副
5、词的功能。构成：1.两个或多个副词可以由 and,but 等对等连词连接构成副词短语2.very,quite,extremely等程度副词作修饰语,可与其他副词构成副词短语。3.介词及其宾语可用在副词后修饰副词,可与副词构成副词短语。功能功能:副词短语可修饰动词、形容词、副词和介词等;主要在句中作状语,表示时间、地点、方式等意义,还可作表语、定语、宾补等。Jim spoke so quickly that no one could understand him.吉姆说得那么快,谁也听不懂他的话。(作状语,表原因)The doctor came back quite recently.那位医生最
6、近回来了。(作状语,表时间)She types quickly and correctly.她打字快且准确。(作状语,表方式)The teacher speaks clearly enough.老师说得够清楚。(作状语,表方式)Thank you!Unit 1 Teenage LifeListening and Talking&Reading for WritingI.Vocabulary幻灯片 3II.SentenceIII.Skills of Writing1.adventure n.冒险，奇遇adventurous adj.有冒险精神的搭配：a great adventure一大奇遇a
7、sense/spirit of adventure冒险意识/精神adventurous tourists爱冒险的旅行者2.expert n.专家，行家 adj.熟练的，内行的，专家的搭配：a computer/medical expert 计算机/医学专家an expert on modern literature 现代文学研究专家3.behaviour n.行为；举止；表现behave vt.&vi.举动；表现搭配：study human and animal behaviour 研究人类和动物的行为模式 behave like+n./pron.表现得像behave oneself 使某人自
8、己举止规矩behave well 举止良好behave badly to/towards sb.对某人不礼貌behave properly举止得当4.attract vt.吸引；引起的注意（或兴趣）attraction n.有吸引力的事物；吸引attractive adj.吸引人的搭配：attract a lot of interest 引起很大的兴趣attract ones attention吸引某人的注意be attacted to喜爱be attacted by被吸引have attraction for对有吸引力5.focus vi.&vt.集中（精力、注意力等）；（使）调节焦距 n.
9、中心;重点;焦点搭配：focus on/upon集中/专注/聚焦于focus ones+attention/energy/mind+on/upon集中注意力/精力/心思于be the focus of attention成为注意的焦点6.addicted adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的addict n.对入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人搭配：be/become addicted to(doing)sth.对(做)很入迷7.concentrate on/upon.集中在上；专心于搭配：concentrate in class专心听讲concentrate ones attention on/upon 把注
10、意力集中在上make it+adj.+不定式这一句型中,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为后面的不定式。make it easy to find a way to school 让人容易找到上学的方法make it clear to see the words on the blackboard使人清楚地看到黑板上的字如何写建议信1.合理安排建议信的内容结构建议信一般采取三段式结构:首段：针对对方对自己的信任简单表示感谢，亦可表明自己的意图。主体:围绕对方的困惑、烦恼等问题，用科学委婉的语言提出自己的建议、方法。注意要充分考虑到对方的实际问题，表达时选择得体的语言，切忌用语生硬呆板，泛泛而谈。结尾段
11、：表达希望。希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助。2.掌握建议信的写作特点语气要诚恳，有礼貌，顾及对方的感受；建议的内容要详尽具体，不能含糊其辞；可提供的建议通常是多个，因此要注意各个建议之间的衔接。常用表达：首段常用句型：Im sory you have trouble in.You have asked me for my advice about.I am writing to exprees my views on/concerning.You have asked for some advice concerning.and I will try to give you my sugges
12、tions.提出建议时常用的句型:I think it would be a good idea if.In my opinion,it would be wise to.I suggest that you should.In my opinion,youd better.I advise you to.If I were you,I would.Why not.?/Why dont you.?结尾段常用的句型:I hope you will find these proposals(suggestions/tips)practical/useful/helpful.I would be r
13、eady to discuss this matter with you in more detail.I would appreciate it very much if you could consider my suggestions.In the end,I will be glad if you find my suggestions useful.I hope you will take my advice into account.I will be glad if you will consider my tips.写作模板：Dear ,Im glad to receive y
14、our letter asking for my advice on how to _（引出对方需要建议的主题）.Here are a few suggestions.（引出建议）.First,its important to .Then，it also helps to_.Besides，it would be a good idea to .You can also_.（根据要求用不同的句式表达）.As to_，I suggest （有时根据需要，要提到另一方面）.In addition，_（其他的建议）.Im sure_（预测可能的结果，给对方信心和决心）。Im looking forw
15、ard to_（表达愿望）./1 hope you will find the suggestions useful.Yours sincerely，Li HuaThank you!Unit 1 Teenage LifeReading and ThinkingI.VocabularyII.Sentence1.challenge n.挑战；艰巨任务 vt.怀疑；向挑战搭配：accept a challenge应战face a challenge面临挑战rise to the challenge接受挑战take up the challenge应战challenge the fact that.对
16、.的事实提出异议be ready to meet the challenge 准备好迎接挑战 Understanding how others feel can be for kids.了解别人的感受对于孩子们来说可能是个挑战。I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel .我迅速低下头，避免直视他的眼睛，这样他就不会觉得受到挑战。a challenge;challenged2.confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑confused adj.糊涂的，
17、迷惑的confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的confuse.with/and.把和混淆get confused 感到困惑in confusion 在混乱中cause confusion引起混乱“Theres some really good stuff up there.“She stepped down，looking .“上面有一些非常好的艺术作品。”她走下来，看起来很困惑。For example，there are huge quantities of reference books which I am often to choose from.例如，有很多参考书，我经常感到
18、困惑，无法从中选择。confused;confused3.fluent adj.流利的；熟练的fluently adv.流利地；流畅地fluency n.流利，流畅搭配：speak fluent French/English讲法语/英语流利 You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in written and spoken English since youll have to help those people with different learning disabilities.你将有能力去驾驶汽车，并能用
19、流利的书面和口头英语交流，因为你将不得不帮助那些有不同学习障碍的人。The young man has the advantage of speaking three languages .这个年轻人有流利地说三种语言的优势。fluent;fluently4.graduate vi&vt.毕业；获得学位n.获得学位graduation n.毕业搭配：graduate in+专业 graduate from+学校 Eventually the girls all ftom college and went away to work for themselves，but one by one，th
20、e daughters returned to work in the family business.最终，女孩们都大学毕业了，出去找工作，但一个接一个，女儿们又回到了家族企业工作。Maurice Ashley was kind and smart，a former returning to teach，and this job was no game for him；he meant business.Maurice Ashley友好且聪明，一个前毕业生回来教书，这项工作对他来说不是儿戏，而是正经职业。graduated;graduate5.recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍rec
21、ommendation n.推荐，介绍信搭配：recommend sb.sth.=recommend sth.to sb.向某人介绍/推荐recommend sb.for/as.推荐某人做（某职位）/作为recommend doing sth.建议做某事recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 The professor me some new books on this subject.教授推荐我买一些有关这个学科的新书。Our hosts shared many of their experiences and wonderful places to eat，shop，
22、and visit.我们的主人分享了许多他们的经验，并推荐了一些很棒的地方去吃饭、购物和参观。recommended,to buy;recommended6.obviously adv.显然；明显地搭配：be obviously wrong/important 显然错误/重要be obviously puzzled 明显感到不解 you cant shake hands with the author，but there are chances for a connection that you dont get from a regular book signing.显然，你不能和作者握手，
23、但有可能建立一种联系，这是你无法从常规的图书签售中得到的联系。These disadvantages are to all of us.这些不利条件对我们所有人而言是显而易见的。Obviously;obvious7.quit vi.&vt 停止；戒掉；离开（工作职位、学校等）搭配：quit school/office 休学，辍学/离职不干quit doing sth.停止做某事I finally quit newspapers and didnt see Mrs.Stanley for several years.我终于不再送报纸了，几年来都没见到斯坦利夫人了。delivering;8.res
24、ponsible adj.负责的；有责任的responsibility n.责任；义务搭配：be responsible for 对负责 Who for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers，consumers and lawyers.汽车制造商、消费者和律师不清楚谁负责这类车辆的运营。Children get the opportunity to take on full for another creatures life.孩子们有机会为另一个生物的生命承担全部责任。is responsible for;r
25、esponsibility9.Solution n.解决方法；答案搭配：a good solution好的解决办法 We hope that our work will help with technological to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.我们希望，我们的工作将有助于技术解决方案，以确保年纪较大的司机在方向盘前更安全。solutions10.schedule n.工作计划；日程安排 vt.安排；预定搭配：ahead of schedule/time 提前on schedule 按时刻表，如期 His o
26、fficial visit to Beijing is_to start on December 21.他定于12月21日开始正式访问北京。With my friends timely help，I completed the project as .在朋友们及时的帮助下，我按预定时间完成了这个项目。scheduled;scheduled11.hang out 分发拓展：hang in 上交，递交give out 分发，发布12.get/be used to 过去常常13.keep up with14.be prepared for 为做准备1.动名词做主语（1）动名词作主语一般表示经常性、习
27、惯性的动作。（2）动名词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。（3）有时用it作形式主语，而把动名词后置。（travel）by taxi in London is not just a way of going from one place to another.在伦敦坐出租车旅行不仅仅是从一个地方出发到另一个地方的一种方式。Running （be）cheap，easy and its always energetic.跑步是便宜的，容易的，它总是充满活力。Traveling;is2.recommend+that sb.(should)do宾语从句中的虚拟语气某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词
28、要用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。其形式为：（should）+动词原形。advise劝告determine决定decide决定command命令insist坚持intend打算order命令recommend推荐request要求require 要求suggest建议urge主张demand要求desire渴望direct命令advise（that）sb.（should）do建议某人应该做某事（虚拟语气）I recommend that you find your way in style.我建议你找到自己的风格。What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices？这篇文章建议人们如何处理旧的电子设备？Thank you!
