1、高中英语必修二词汇用法知识点unit11.preserve vt.保存(save)；保护(protect)；维持(maintain)n.保护区(reserve)preserve.from/against.保护免受be well preserved 保护得很好a nature preserve 自然保护区preservedadj.保藏的；腌制的preservationn.保存；保留【联想】一“字”之差，天壤之别：preserve vt.保护；维护reserve vt.保留；储备；预订2.promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级promote sb to.提升某人为get promoted 升
2、职promotionn.提升，提拔eg. Most importantly, we should make an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.(倡议书)最重要的是，我们应该努力提高公众的环保意识。3.take part in 参与(某事)；参加(某活动)take an active part in 积极参加take part 参加(后面不接宾语)participate in 参加play a part/role in 在中起作用；在中扮演角色eg. Six theatre companie
3、s have been selected to take part in this years festival.六个剧团已被选定参加今年的戏剧节。4.balance n.平衡；均匀；余额vt.使平衡keep a balance (between A and B) (在A与B之间)保持平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡lose ones balance 失去平衡balance A against B权衡/比较A和Bbalancedadj.平衡的；均衡的keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食eg. If you want to have a happy schoo
4、l life，youd better keep a balance between study and relaxation.(建议信)如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活，你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。5.lead to 导致lead sb to do.使某人做lead sb to some place 带某人去某地lead the way 带路lead sb by the nose 牵着某人的鼻子走lead/live a.life 过着的生活【联想】表示“导致”的短语还有：result in，contribute to，bring about，account for等。6.proposal n.提
5、议；建议(suggestion)make a proposal 提出建议proposevt.提议，建议propose doing sth 建议做某事propose that.(should) do sth 提议(应该)做某事【同义】advise，suggest，recommend7.likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地be likely to do sthIt is likely that.有可能做某事unlikelyadj.不大可能的，未必的be unlikely to do sthIt is unlikely that. 不可能做某事It is probable/possible
6、that.有可能【联想】否定前缀un-高频形容词：fitunfit 不合适的fairunfair不公平的usualunusual不寻常的fortunateunfortunate不幸的comfortableuncomfortable不舒服的certainuncertain不确定的consciousunconscious无意识的willingunwilling不愿意的8.turn to 向求助；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；转向eg. (2021全国甲卷)Many students say they will talk to their friends or classmates because th
7、eyre of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn to their parents or teachers for help.许多学生说，他们会和朋友或同学交谈，因为他们是同龄人，互相理解。有些人会向父母或老师寻求帮助。After he left university he became a teacher，but later turned to journalism.他大学毕业后当了教师，但后来转行从事新闻工作。Dont always turn to the dictionary when you come
8、across a new word.遇到生词时不要总是翻阅字典。Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.沿着这条大路走，一直走到岔路口，然后向左拐。9.limit n.限度；限制vt.限制；限定limit.to.把限制在内within limits 在某种范围内；适度地beyond the limit 超过限度set a limit to sth 对某事规定限度there is a/no limit to.对是有限的/无限的limitedadj.有限的limitlessadj.无限的limitationn
9、.限制；限定【点拨】牢记limit短语中to为介词哟！10.prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠prevent.from (doing). 阻止(做)；不准(做)stop.from (doing).制止(做)keep.from (doing).阻止(做)protect.from/against (doing).保护免受伤害【点拨】prevent/stop.from.中的from可以省略，keep.from.中的from不能省略；被动结构中，from均不可省略。11.contribute vi. & vt.捐献；捐助contribute sth to.把某物捐献给contribute to 有
10、助于；导致；投稿contributionn.捐献；贡献；稿件make contributions/a contribution to.对做出贡献eg. Environmental protection starts with me，and everyone can make contributions/a contribution to the cause.(倡议书)环境保护从我做起，每个人都能为此事业做贡献。12.donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)donate.to.把捐赠给donationn.捐赠；捐献make a donation to.向捐赠donatedadj
11、.捐赠的donatorn.捐赠者eg. The old man donated a lot of money to the school，enabling the students to return to their classroom.(人物介绍)那位老人给学校捐了很多钱，使学生们得以回到他们的教室读书。13.attempt n. & vt.企图；试图；尝试attempt to do sth 企图做某事make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事at the first/second.attempt 第一/二次尝试【联想】“努力做某事；企图做某事”的其他
12、表达形式：try to do sthseek to do sthintend to do sth14.worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的It is worthwhile doing sth/to do sth 做某事是值得的worthadj.值得的；有的价值；等值的be worth名词值得；值be (well) worth doing (非常)值得被做worthyadj.值得的；配得上的；可敬的be worthy 值得被做eg. Its worthwhile reading/to read literary books because they can help us to
13、know more about the society and life.(建议信)读文学书是值得的，因为它们能帮助我们对社会和生活了解更多。15.forgive vt. & vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅forgive sb for (doing) sth 原谅某人(做了)某事forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌forgivenessn.原谅；宽恕【联想】ABC型不规则动词：forgive, forgave, forgiven 原谅arise, arose, arisen 出现；发生；产生awake, awoke, awoken 唤醒；觉醒
14、；使醒来draw, drew, drawn 拉；拖；取(钱)；画forbid, forbade, forbidden 禁止；阻止16.quality n.质量；品质；素质；特征adj.优质的；高质量的of good/high/poor quality 质量好/高/差的improve the quality of life 提高生活质量in quality 在质量上eg. My goal is to provide my children with a life of high quality.我的目标是为我的孩子提供高质量的生活。17.tradition n.传统；传统的信仰或风俗It is
15、a tradition to do sth/that.是一种传统by tradition 按照传统，根据习俗traditionaladj.传统的；惯例的【联想】“名词后缀-al”转换成形容词的还有：originoriginal最初的personpersonal个人的；私人的naturenatural自然的；天生的nationnational全国的additionadditional额外的conventionconventional传统的traditiontraditional传统的intentionintentional故意的18.opinion n.意见；想法；看法(view)in ones
16、 opinion 让步于新事物have a good/bad/high/low opinion of对评价好/不好/高/低ask for ones opinion 询问某人的观点express ones opinion 表达某人的观点unit2 1.huntvt. &vi.打猎；搜寻；追捕hunt for sb/sth寻找某人/某物go hunting去打猎huntern.猎人2.die out灭亡；逐渐消失die away(声音、光线等)逐渐消失die of/from.因而死die down减弱；平息die off相继死去be dying for很想要；渴望be dying to do st
17、h极想干某事【联想】时“隐”时“现”荟萃：die out灭亡；逐渐消失disappearvi.消失；失踪appearvi.出现show up出现turn up出现；发生3.alarmvt.使惊恐；使害怕(frighten)；使担心(worry)n.恐慌；警报；警报器sound the alarm发出警报in alarm惊恐地alarmedadj.担心的；害怕的be alarmed at/by.对感到担心或害怕alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的eg.It is well-known to us that rainforests are disappearing to analarming
18、extent.(环境保护)众所周知，热带雨林正在以惊人的程度消失。4.awareadj.知道；发觉；有意识的be/become aware of知道/意识到be aware that.意识到/体会到awarenessn.意识；认识arouse/raise ones awareness of.唤起某人的意识unawareadj.不知道的；未察觉的eg.(2020全国卷书面表达)It was Mr Liu whomade me aware ofthe importance of learning English well.(人物介绍)是刘老师使我意识到学好英语的重要性。5.averagen.平均数
19、；平均水平adj.平均的；正常的；普通的vt.平均数为an average of平均有on (the) average平均起来above/below average平均水平以上/以下【联想】盘点“on名词”词块：on guard在执勤on leave在休假on holiday在度假on strike在罢工on sale出售on loan借用6.concernvt.涉及；让担忧n.担心；关心show/express concern about/for对表示关心concernedadj.担心的；关切的；相关的be concerned with与有关be concerned about/for担心a
20、s/so far as.be concerned就而言；依之见concerningprep.有关；关于eg.Nowadays peoplearemoreconcerned about/forthe environment where they live.现在，人们更加关注他们的居住环境。【点拨】concerned作形容词用作前置定语时，意为“关心的；担忧的”；作后置定语时，意为“有关的；相关的”。7.adaptvi.适应vt.使适应；使适合；改编adapt (oneself) to使适应于adapt sth from根据改编某物be adapted for被改编为adaptableadj.能适
21、应的；可修改的adaptationn.适应；改编；改写本【联想】一“字”之差荟萃：adaptv.适应；改编adoptv.采纳；收养affectv.影响effectn.影响angeln.天使anglen.角度accessv.接近assessv.评估aboardprep. &adv.在船上abroadadv.在国外expectv.期待expertn.专家8.measuren.措施；方法vt.测量；度量；估量；(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为measure.by.用来衡量take measures/steps/action to do sth采取措施做某事make sth to sbs measure
22、照某人的尺寸做某物eg.Its generally acknowledged that education shouldnt bemeasuredonly by examination results.人们普遍认为教育不应该仅仅以考试成绩来衡量。【点拨】measure表示“有长(宽、高等)”时，是系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用于被动语态和进行时态。9.pressuren.压力(stress)；要求under pressure在压力下；承受压力put pressure on sb给某人施加压力pressvi. &vt.按；压；逼迫press sb to do sth敦促某人做某事eg.I know
23、 studying is very important, but my parentsputtoo muchpressure onme.我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加了太多的压力。10.observevt.观察(到)；注意到；注视；遵守；庆祝eg.Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese stillobservethe traditional customs.虽然许多中国人住在海外多年，但仍然遵守传统的风俗习惯。It is a tradition for the people here toobservethe Spring Fes
24、tival.庆祝春节是这里的传统。(2019天津卷)We canobservethat artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.我们观察到，人工智能已经在许多方面对我们的生活产生了影响。On the top of Mountain Tai，people excitedlyobservedthe sun rising from the sea.在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地观看太阳从海上升起。【联想】observationn.观察observatoryn.天文台observern.观察者11
25、.remindvt.提醒；使想起remind sb of sth提醒某人某事remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事remind (sb) that.提醒(某人)remindern.提醒者，提醒物【联想】“v.sbof sth”的短语还有：cure sb of sth治好某人的病accuse sb of sth控告某人某事rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物inform sb of sth通知某人某事convince sb of sth使某人相信某事12.attackn.，vi. &vt.攻击；抨击under attack受到攻击a heart attack心脏病发作attack
26、 sb攻击/抨击某人be attacked with.患病be attacked by.被攻击/袭击eg.The professor was sent to the local hospital because he hada heart attack.这位教授因心脏病发作被送进了当地医院。13.recovervi.恢复；康复vt.找回；寻回recover from.从中恢复过来recover oneself恢复健康，痊愈recoveryn.恢复；复苏；痊愈make a recovery from.从中恢复过来eg.(2020浙江6月卷写作)We sincerely hope you will
27、recover yourselfas soon as possible and return to China earlier.(慰问信)我们衷心希望您早日康复，早日回到中国。14.intendvi. &vt.打算；计划；想要intend doing/to do sth打算做某事intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事had intended to do sth本来打算做某事(但事实上没做)be intended to do打算做；旨在be intended for.为而设计intentionn.打算；意图with an/the intention of抱有的目的eg.(北京卷书
28、面表达)The university is known for its language and culture coursesintended forinternational students.这所大学以其面向国际学生的语言和文化课程而闻名。15.existvi.存在；生存exist on靠为生There exists.某地有；存在existencen.存在；生存come into existence产生；成立；开始存在existingadj.(仅用于名词前)目前的，现存的【点拨】exist，come into existence无被动语态，不用于进行时态。16.harmonyn.和谐；融
29、洽in harmony with.与和谐；与协调一致out of harmony with.与不和谐harmoniousadj.和谐的eg.We must ensure that tourist development must bein harmony withthe environment.我们必须确保旅游业的发展与环境相协调。17.reducevt.减少reduce.by.把减少了reduce.to.把减少到be reduced to陷入某种境地；沦为(to为介词)【联想】decrease(同义词)increase, rise(反义词)18.due to由于；因为dueadj.预期的；应
30、得的；到期的be due to do sth预计做某事be due to sb应支付给某人；应给予某人eg.Roseis due to startschool in January.罗斯一月份就要开始上学了。Have you paid the money thatis due to them?你付了他们应得的钱了吗？【联想】“因为；由于”荟萃：on account ofbecause ofowing tothanks toas a result ofas a consequence ofin consequence of19.search for搜索；查找in ones search for寻
31、找in search of寻找；搜寻；寻求search sth/sb搜查某物/对某人搜身search.for.为找到而搜查eg.As Jane wassearching forsomething to eat，the rescue team was searching the mountain for her.当简在寻找东西吃的同时，搜救队正在搜山找她。unit3 1.convenient adj.方便的；近便的It is convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事conveniencen.便利；方便for convenience为了方便起见at ones conv
32、enience在某人方便的时候inconveniencen.不方便；不便inconvenientadj.不方便的【点拨】convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，常用it作形式主语。2.cash n.现金；金钱in cash用现金by check用支票【联想】“钱”相关单词网：charge n.费用 vt.收费fine n.罚款 vt.罚款fee n.费用 insurance n.保险费tip n.小费 vt.给小费3.update vt.更新；向提供最新信息n.更新；最新消息【联想】“互联网”一家亲：download vt.下载click vt.点击connect vt.连接 surf
33、vi. & vt.浏览network n.网络 database n.数据库；资料库upload vt.上传4.benefit n.益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于benefit sb/sth 使某人/某物受益benefit from/by.从中受益；得益于for sbs benefitfor the benefit of sb 为了某人的利益beneficialadj.有利的；有帮助的be of benefit to.be beneficial to.对有益(to为介词)eg. We will benefit a lot from reading English classics，so le
34、ts begin right now.我们将会从读英语名著中受益颇多，所以我们现在就开始吧。5.distance n.距离；疏远in the distance 在远处at a distance 隔一段距离；从远处at a distance of在远的地方within walking distance在步行距离内keep sb at a distance与某人保持一定距离；疏远某人distantadj.遥远的；远处的；久远的；疏远的eg. (浙江6月卷读后续写)Much to our delight，the sound of water in the distance caught our at
35、tention and drove us to the river bank.(场景描写)让我们高兴的是，远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们带到了河边。6.inspire vt.鼓舞(encourage)；激励；启发思考inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事inspire sb with sth 激起某人某种情感inspirationn.激励；灵感；鼓舞；启示inspiredadj.得到灵感的；受到鼓舞的inspiringadj.激励人心的；启发灵感的；令人鼓舞的eg. (2020全国卷书面表达)He became inspired when he thought about
36、 helping those ordinary people exposed to COVID-19.(人物介绍)当他想到要帮助那些感染新冠肺炎的普通人时，他受到了鼓舞。7.access n.通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取have/get/gain(no) access to有(没有)的机会；可以(无法)获取/进入/接近accessibleadj.可进入的；可使用的be accessible to可接近的；可使用的eg. (北京卷书面表达)Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture，I suggest yo
37、u apply for Peking University，where you can gain access to the best Chinese culture.(建议信)鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到最好的中国文化。8.go through 经历，经受；度过；通读；仔细检查；完成；用完eg. (2019全国卷书面表达)Id appreciate it if you could take some time to go through my application.如果您能花点时间审阅我的申请，我将不胜感激。The plan went through,
38、 which made us all happy.计划通过了，这使我们大家都很高兴。However, the film market may go through a slowdown in the near future.然而，电影市场在不久的将来可能会经历放缓。Hardly had I gone through my homework when the telephone rang.我刚完成作业，电话就响了。【联想】go against 违背；违反go by 过去；流逝go over 复习；仔细检查go out 出去；熄灭go up 上升；上涨9.discount n.折扣 vt.打折at
39、 a discount 打折give/offer a discount 打折discountedadj.打折的discounted prices/fares 打折价/票价10.account n.账户；描述 vi.解释 vt.认为account for 解释；是的原因；占(比例)on account of 由于；因为on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)take.into account/consideration考虑take account of 考虑【联想】“决不”知多少：by no meansin no wayin no caseon no conditionun
40、der no circumstancesat no time11.rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的(impolite)be rude to sb对某人无礼/粗鲁It is rude (of sb) to do sth(对某人来说)做某事是粗鲁的/无礼的rudenessn.粗鲁；无礼rudelyadv.粗鲁地；无礼地【联想】以字母e结尾的形容词直接加-ly变副词荟萃：politepolitelywidewidelyfortunatefortunatelyentireentirelyextremeextremely12.particular adj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的；讲究的 n.细节；细目b
41、e particular about 对讲究/挑剔in particularparticularly 尤其；特别；格外eg. As far as I know，this kind of food is rich in nutrition，and it contains a lot of minerals in particular.据我所知，这种食物营养丰富，特别是含有大量的矿物质。13.embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的embarrassvt.(尤指在社交场合)使窘迫；使尴尬embarrassedadj.尴尬的；陷入困境的be/feel embarrassed abo
42、ut/at.对感到难为情/不知所措be/feel embarrassed to do sth 对做某事感到尴尬embarrassmentn.窘迫；尴尬(much) to ones embarrassment 让某人(非常)尴尬的是14.make fun of 取笑；戏弄【联想】各种“嘲笑、愚弄”：laugh at sb 嘲笑某人make a fool of sb 愚弄某人play a trick/tricks on sb 捉弄某人，开某人的玩笑play a joke/jokes on sb 取笑某人，开某人的玩笑15.upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的(depressed)vt.(up
43、set，upset)使烦恼；使生气；搅乱be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安be upset with sb 生某人的气What upsets sb is.让某人心烦的是eg. Iam upset that I cant join in the Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition.What upsets me isthat I cant join in the Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition.我不能参加中国书法展览，这使我很难过。16.familiar ad
44、j.熟悉；熟知be/get familiar with熟悉be familiar to为所熟悉unfamiliaradj.不熟悉的eg. For one thing, I am quite familiar withChinese painting, for my father is a Chinese painter.For one thing, Chinese painting is quite familiar to me, for my father is a Chinese painter.首先，我对中国画很熟悉，因为我父亲是一位中国画家。17.keep (.) in mind牢记change ones mind 改变主意make up ones mind 下定决心；决定read ones mind 看出某人的心思bear in mind 牢记，放在心上bring/call.to mind (使)想起；(使)记起eg. My mother often reminds me to keep/bear in mind that where there is a wi
