1、高中英语必修三词汇用法知识点unit11.dress (sb) up 穿上盛装；装扮dress (sb) up as.(把某人)打扮成dress oneself/sb 给穿衣(表示动作)be dressed in.穿着(表示状态)get dressed 穿好衣服【点拨】put on 穿上，戴上(表示动作)wear sth 穿上，戴上(表示状态)be in颜色穿着颜色的衣服(表示状态)2.congratulation n.祝贺；恭喜 pl.贺词express/send/offer ones congratulations to sb (on sth) (因某事)向某人致以祝贺a letter o
2、f congratulation 贺信congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺eg. Congratulationsto Yang Qian on winning the shooting championship at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.(祝贺信)祝贺杨倩在2020年东京奥运会获得射击冠军。3.after all 毕竟；别忘了in all 总共above all 最重要的是；尤其是first of all 首先；第一at all 丝毫；根本
3、all in all 总的来说；最重要的是eg. No one can easily succeed.After all, Rome is not built in one day.(建议信)没有人能轻易成功，毕竟罗马不是一日建成的。4.range n.一系列；范围，界限vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化a wide range of 一系列within/in the range of 在范围内beyond ones range 某人能力达不到的range from.to.在范围内变动range between.and.在范围内变动eg. In addition to these traditi
4、onal activities，we have a wide range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.(推荐信)除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有很多的选择，比如旅游、拜访亲戚或朋友。5.figure n.人物；数字；身材vt.认为；认定keep ones figure保持体形have a good figure身材好a political figure一位政治人物figure out理解；计算出figure that.认为；认定eg. (浙江卷读后续写)As we were approac
5、hing the farm，we saw a dim figure，which turned out to be Uncle Paul who was waiting for us anxiously.(人物描写)当我们接近农场时，我们看到了一个模糊的身影，那是焦急地等待我们的保罗叔叔。6.joy n.高兴；喜悦【联想】“高兴；喜悦”一家亲：joyful adj.高兴的；快乐的delight n.高兴pleasure n.快乐happiness n.快乐，幸福enjoyment n.享受，乐趣pleased adj.高兴的7.gratitude n.感激之情；感谢(appreciation)e
6、xpress ones gratitude to sb (for sth) (因某事)向某人表达感激之情gratefuladj.感激的；表示感谢的be grateful to sb for sth 因某事感激某人I would be grateful if.如果我将感激不尽。8.agriculture n.农业；农艺agriculturaladj.农业(劳动/生产)【联想】industry n.工业industrial adj.工业的9.gather vi.聚集；集合vt.聚集；搜集；收割；猜测eg. This important agricultural festival takes pla
7、ce after all the crops have been gathered in.(节日介绍)这一重要的农业节日会在所有庄稼都收割完毕后举行。Gatheringround the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.(活动介绍)游客们聚集在篝火周围，和当地人一起载歌载舞。(2020浙江7月卷)Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering,so people were able to raise more children.农业比狩猎和采集人均能
8、生产更多的食物，所以人们能够养育更多的孩子。Igathered from your letter that you are not satisfied with your new job.我从你的信中猜想你对你的新工作不满意。10.significant adj.有重大意义的；重要的(important)；显著的be significant to对来说很重要It is significant that.很明显significancen.重要性；重要意义be of great significance非常重要；有重大意义attach great significance/importance t
9、o.重视；认为重要significantlyadv.有重大意义地；显著地eg. (2020全国卷书面表达)Through participating in this picking activity，I have become aware of the significance of labour.(活动介绍)通过参加这次采摘活动，我已意识到了劳动的重要性。11.typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的be typical of 典型的，特有的It is typical of sb to do sth某人一向做某事typicallyadv.典型地；有代表性地eg. (2020全国卷书
10、面表达)Its typical of our maths teacher to be very patient with us.Typically, our maths teacher is very patient with us.(人物描写)我们的数学老师一贯对我们非常有耐心。12.take advantage of 利用；(make use of)欺骗；占的便宜advantages and disadvantages 利弊have an advantage over胜过，优于be at an advantage 处于优势【联想】“充分利用”的表达：make the most of，mak
11、e the best of，take full advantage of13.reflect vt.映射；反射；思考；显示；反映vi.思考reflect on/upon sth 反省/认真思考某事be reflected in倒映在；反映在reflectionn.反射，反映；映像；沉思self-reflection反省；自我反思reflectiveadj.反射的；反思的【联想】“考虑，思考”的常用表达还有：consider, take sth into account/consideration，think over14.belief n.信仰；信心；信任hold the firm belie
12、f that.坚信have belief in相信beyond belief 难以置信；不可信believev.相信；信任believe in 信任；信赖believe it or not 信不信由你believableadj.可相信的；可信任的unbelievableadj.难以置信的eg. Ifirmly believe that with our joint efforts, the children there will have a brighter future.Ihold the firm belief that with our joint efforts, the child
13、ren there will have a brighter future.(建议信)我坚信，在我们的共同努力下，那里的孩子们会有一个更美好的未来。15.faith n.宗教信仰；信任；相信have/lose faith in对有/没有信心faithfuladj.忠实的be faithful to对忠诚faithfullyadv.忠实地【联想】“信任；确信”单词集锦：convince vt.使确信confirm vt.确认，使确信rely vi.信任，信赖trust vt.相信，信赖16.occasion n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会；时刻；场合；时机on occasion(
14、s) 偶尔，有时on the occasion of 在之际a formal occasion 正式场合occasionaladj.偶尔的occasionallyadv.偶尔【点拨】occasion如果作先行词表示时间，意为“时刻；机会”，并在定语从句中作时间状语时，用when引导定语从句；occasion如果作先行词表示地点，意为“场合”，并在定语从句中作地点状语时，用 where引导定语从句。17.to be frank 坦白说；坦率地说frankly speaking 坦率地说to be honest/honestly speaking 诚实地说generally speaking 一般
15、来说18.go off 爆炸；走火；离开；突然响起go by (时间)流逝，过去go out (灯火)熄灭；过时；出去go over 复习；检查go through 通过；仔细检查；经历；浏览19.represent vt.代表(on behalf of)；象征；相当于；展示represent sb/sth as/to be 把某人/某物描绘成represent sth to sb 向某人陈述/说明/传达某事represent sb(on behalf of sb)代表某人representativen.代表 adj.典型的；有代表性的eg. (2019全国卷书面表达)Representing
16、our school，Im glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.On behalf ofour school, Im glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.(告知信)我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关即将到来的排球比赛的一些事宜。20.respect vt. & n.尊敬；尊重；敬意；方面respect sb for sth 因某事而尊重某人have/show respect for sb 尊重某人out of respect f
17、or.出于对的尊敬in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面with respect to 关于；涉及respectfuladj.表示敬意的；尊敬的respectableadj.可敬的；体面的respectedadj.受人尊敬的eg. This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect laboring people.(推荐信)这种工作能让你珍惜自己挣来的钱，并尊重劳动人民。unit21.carry sb through sth帮助某人渡过难关carry st
18、h through 成功完成某事carry on with sth 继续进行某事carry on doing sth 继续做某事carry out 执行；实施eg. It was my mother who carried me through my tough time in middle school.(人物描写)是我母亲帮助我度过了中学时期的艰难时光。2.majority n.大部分；大多数the/a majority of.大多数be in the/a majority占大多数majoradj.主要的 n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修【反义】minority n.少数in the/a
19、minority 占少数plain vi. & vt.抱怨；发牢骚complain (to sb) about/of (doing) sth (向某人)抱怨(做)某事complain(to sb) that.(向某人)抱怨complaintn.抱怨，投诉a letter of complaint 投诉信make a complaint about 投诉eg. Imade a complaint about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant, but no one responded to me.(投诉信)我投诉你们餐
20、厅的食物和服务质量很差，但是没有人回应我。4.tuition n.(小组)教学；讲课【联想】“费用”都要考虑到：fare 车费expense 花费charge 费用fine 罚款fee 费用；酬金tip 小费5.respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应(react)；回应respond to对做出回应或反应；答复responsen.回答，答复；反应in response to对的答复；对做出反应make a/no response to对做出回应/不予回答【联想】“做出回应”的其他表达：react toreply to6.appoint vt.任命；委派； 约定；指定(时间、地点等)ap
21、point sb as/to be.任命某人为appoint sb to do sth委派某人做某事appointmentn.任命；约会；预约；约定make an appointment with sb与某人约会keep/break an appointment守约/违约eg. I have to apologize to you for not being able to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(道歉信)我不得不向你道歉，因为我不能在约定时间陪你去书店了。7.elect vt.选举；推选；选择(choose)；
22、决定(decide)elect sb (as/to be).选举某人(为)elect to do sth选择或决定做某事electionn.选举；当选；推举eg. If I am lucky enough to win the election, the first thing I will do is to enrich our studentsafter-school activities.(演讲稿)如果我有幸赢得选举，我要做的第一件事就是丰富我们学生的课外活动。8.tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于tend to do sth易于/往往会做某事tend (to) sb/sth
23、照看某人/某物tendencyn.倾向；趋势have a tendency to do sth有做某事的倾向【联想】“照顾”各种表达：look aftertake care ofcare forattend (to) sb9.scared adj.害怕的；对感到惊慌或恐惧的be scared of doing sth 害怕做某事be scared to do.不敢做be scared to death吓死了scarevt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓scare.away/off把吓跑/吓退scar(e)yadj.令人害怕的；恐怖的，吓人的eg. (2020浙江7月卷读后续写)When I rea
24、lized that the bear was coming back to attack us，Iwas nearly scared to death.(心理描写)当我意识到那头熊又回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。10.sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的；(感官)敏锐的；剧烈的sharpenvt.削尖；磨快；使提高；使改进sharpenern.卷笔刀；磨具eg. (2020浙江7月卷读后续写)He exposed his sharp teeth，glaring at us as he ran forward.(动作描写)他露出尖利的牙齿，边跑边怒视着我们。(202
25、0浙江7月卷)Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age.随着年龄的增长，挑战性工作可能会帮助大脑保持敏锐。Suddenly, he felt a sharp pain in the stomach.(情感描写)突然，他感到胃部一阵剧烈的疼痛。The car made a sharp turn to the left.小汽车向左急转。11.replace vt.接替；取代；更换replace.with/by.用替换replace sb as 取代某人成为replacementn.替换；替换物eg. Its good
26、to enjoy other cultures and learn from them, but they can never replace your own culture.(演讲稿)喜欢并向其他文化学习是件好事，但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。【联想】“代替”的其他表达：take the place of 代替take ones place 代替in place of 代替12.whisper vi. & vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传whisper to sb 向某人低声说whisper sth to sb 把某事悄悄告诉某人whisper sth in
27、 ones ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事It is/was whispered that.有人私下说；据秘密传闻in a whisperin whispers 低声地eg. In the wedding ceremony, Jack whispered toher so that no one else would hear.(人物描写)在婚礼上，杰克低声对她说话，以免别人听到。13.assist vt.帮助；援助assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事assist sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事assist sb with sth 帮助某人某事assistanc
28、en.帮助；协助with the assistance ofwith the help of在的帮助下come to ones assistance 帮助某人assistantn.助手，助理；售货员eg. (2020新高考卷读后续写)When he was worried that he couldnt sell out the popcorn，Johncame to his assistance.(心理描写)正当他担心爆米花卖不完的时候，约翰来帮助他。14.in memory of作为对的纪念【联想】“inn.of”短语：in praise of赞美，歌颂in honour of纪念；向表示
29、敬意in search of寻找in charge of负责；掌管in favour of赞同，支持in terms of就而言15.tear n.眼泪；泪水 vt. & vi.扯(破)，撕掉in tears 流着泪；含着泪burst into tears 突然大哭起来be moved to tears 感动得流泪tear sth apart 撕碎某物tear up 撕碎，毁坏【联想】“in抽象名词”短语：in danger 处于危险之中in silence 沉默地in surprise/shock 吃惊地in despair 处于绝望中in anger 生气地in shock 震惊地in e
30、xcitement 兴奋地16.harm n. & vt.伤害；损害do/cause harm to 对造成伤害There is no harm in doing.做某事无害处harmfuladj.有害的，造成伤害的be harmful to.对有害harmlessadj.无害的eg. Being addicted to online games is harmful toour physical and mental health.(建议信)沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康都有害处。17.a great deal (of)大量eg. (2020新高考卷读后续写)Mrs.Meredith was
31、 a most kind and thoughtful woman.She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor.(人物描写)梅雷迪斯太太是一位非常善良和体贴的女性。她花了很多时间看望穷人。【点拨】a great deal可作主语、宾语等；a great deal意为“非常、很”，可修饰动词或形容词、副词比较级；a great deal of后跟不可数名词。unit31.fortune n.机会；运气seek/try ones fortune找出路/碰运气make a/ones fortune 发财；赚钱bring good fortune
32、带来好运fortunateadj.幸运的；侥幸的(lucky)be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事fortunatelyadv.幸运地unfortunatelyadv.不幸地misfortunen.不幸；灾祸，灾难eg. Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune，Mike left home without saying a word.迈克决定在赚大钱之前绝不回来，他一句话也没说就离开了家。2.admit vi. & vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)；容纳admit doing/hav
33、ing done/that.承认admit sb/sth to be承认某人/某物是be admitted to/into被录取/被接收admissionn.准许进入；入场费；承认【联想】“bev.-edto”短语：be opposed to 反对be attached to 附属于be accustomed to 习惯于be addicted to 沉溺于be devoted to 奉献be sentenced to 被判处3.occur vi.发生；出现sth occurs to sb某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits/comes to sb that.某人
34、突然想起It occurs to sb to do sth某人突然想起做某事【联想】“发生”词汇大全：occur vi.(偶然)发生happen vi.(偶然)发生take place(计划等)发生come about发生；产生(尤指不受控制地)break out(灾害等)爆发4.head to(朝)前进；(向)去head for 朝方向去eg. Many young people, most of whom were well-educated，headed forremote villages to realize their dreams.许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好的教育，为了实现他
35、们的梦想而前往偏远的村庄。【联想】名词转化为动词：head n.头vi.前往nurse n.护士vt.护理face n.脸vt.面对bridge n.桥vt.弥合(分歧)，消除(隔阂)eye n.眼睛vt.看，注视5.seek vt. & vi.(sought /st/, sought) 寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求seek to do sth 试图做某事seek (for/after) sth 寻找/追求seek out 挑选/找出eg. You are busy doing homework, playing sports, making friends，seeking afteryou
36、r dreams.你忙于做作业，做运动，交朋友和追求梦想。6.earn vt. & vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得earn moneymake money 挣钱earn a livingmake a living谋生earn the respect of sb赢得某人的尊敬earningsn.利润；收入，工资7.select vt.选择；挑选(choose)；选拔select.as.挑选作为select sb to do sth挑选某人做某事select.from.从中挑选selectionn.选择；挑选selectiveadj.选择性的；有选择的eg. There is no doubt th
37、at we will select the best athletes to take part in the coming Olympic Games.(告知信)毫无疑问，我们将选出最好的运动员参加即将到来的奥运会。8.claim vt. & n.夺取(生命);宣称；断言；要求(拥有)，认领；索取，索要(钱)eg. The scientist claimed to have discovered a new kind of medicine.这位科学家声称发现了一种新药。The police said that if no one claimedthe watch, you could ke
38、ep it.警察说如果没人认领这块表，你可以留着它。Sheclaimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.她要求公司赔偿她所受的伤害。The car crash claimed three lives.那次车祸夺去了三人的生命。9.apart from 除了外(还);此外eg. In order to learn English well，apart fromEnglish classes, I took an active part in English corner and other after-class
39、 English activities, which benefited me a lot.(演讲稿)为了学好英语，除了上英语课之外，我还积极参加英语角和其他课外英语活动，使我受益匪浅。【联想】10.escapevi. & vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱escape (doing) sth逃避(做)某事escape from从逃脱；逃避escape ones attention/notice逃过某人的注意a narrow escape九死一生；死里逃生fire escape太平梯；安全梯；安全出口escapedadj.逃跑了的【联想】不一样的“忘记，遗忘”：sth escape(s
40、) sb某人忘记某事sb forget(s) sth某人忘记某事11.bring about导致；引起(lead to)bring back使回想起；使恢复bring in吸引，赚到bring up抚养，抚育；提起；呕吐bring down降低，减少eg. Science has brought about many changes in our daily life, which inspires me to be a scientist.(演讲稿)科学给我们的日常生活带来了诸多变化，这激励我去做一名科学家。12.settle vt. & vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)；停留；(使)
41、处于舒适的位置settle in/into sth适应(新家、工作、环境等)settle down定居；平静下来；舒适地坐下/躺下settle down to (doing) sth着手认真做某事settle a dispute/an argument/a matter 解决争端/争论/事情settlern.移民；殖民者settlementn.解决；协议eg. With so many problems to settle every day，I feel greatly stressed.(心理描写)每天有许多的问题要解决，我感到压力很大。13.construction n.建筑；建造；建造
42、物；(句子、短语等的)结构under construction 在建造中constructvt.建造，修建【联想】“undern.”短语荟萃：under discussion 在讨论中under debate在讨论中under repair 在修理中under treatment 在治疗中under consideration 在考虑之中14.to name but a few仅举几例【联想】“举例”的表达：for examplefor instancetake an example give an example15.suit vt.适合；满足需要；相配；合身n.西服；套装a suit of
43、 一套suit.to.使适合suit sb (fine)合某人的意；对某人很合适suitableadj.适当的；相配的be suitable for sb(某物)适合某人be suitable to do sth适合做某事【点拨】suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等；fit多指大小、形状的合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。16.contain vt.包含(include)；含有；容纳；克制；控制contain oneself 克制自己；自制containern.容器；集装箱；货柜eg. After the meal，a lucky charm and a red pocke
44、t which contains lucky money will be given to everyone and some lucky words are said to each other.(节日介绍)饭后，每个人都会收到一个吉祥饰物和一个装着压岁钱的红包，并互相说一些吉利的话语。【联想】sth included或including sth包括某物unit41.intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的intelligencen.智慧，智力【联想】盘点“聪明”形容词smart adj.聪明的bright adj.聪明的wise adj.英明的2.determine vt
45、.查明；确定；决定(decide)determine to do sth 决心做某事determine on/upon (doing) sth决定(做)某事determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的be determined to do sth下定决心做某事determinationn.决定， 确定eg. Heis determined to get ahead of others in studies, so he works day and night.(人物介绍)他决心在学习上胜过别人， 所以他日夜努力。3.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的(depressed)be disappointed at/with/about sth因某事感到失望be disappointed to do sth做某事感到失望disappointvt.使失望disappointingadj.令人失望的disappointmentn.失望(much)to ones disappointment使某人感到(非常)失望的是eg. (2021新
