1、2021年高考英语冲刺模拟试卷1 （上海）I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
2、 conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Husband and wife. B. Guest and hostessC. Customer and waitress. D. Boss and employee. 2. A. Watch the program on TV. B. Call the TV stat
3、ion. C. Meet the man at the cat exhibition D. Look for cats with the man. 3. A. Borrow the typewriter. B. Visit the woman. C. Go home soon. D. Read the womans paper. 4. A. The man. B. Both. C. The woman. D. Neither. 5. A. The books there are too expensive. B. She wont be able to get the book before
4、class. C. The textbook she needs isnt in yetD. She hopes to get a good deal on some second-hand books. 6. A. Take the bus to the airport. B. Meet the Browns at the airport. C. Make a phone call to the Browns. D. Accompany the Browns to the airport7. A. The woman will have a testB. The man will proba
5、bly go to the movie. C. The man will have to sit for an exam. D. The woman wishes she could go to class with the man. 8. A. The results havent come yet. B. The results were checked again last night. C. The woman needs another test tomorrow. D. The doctor hasnt come back from the lab. 9. A. Most neig
6、hbors are as noisy as the woman. B. Talking to the neighbors politely might be the best wayC. Hed like to know why the woman is angryD. The woman is too polite for her neighbors. 10. A. He needs to buy another umbrella. B. It will rain much later in the week.C. It will probably rain tomorrow. D. The
7、 weather forecasters almost never agree. Section BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.
8、 When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. They used to be unable to listen to public debates. B. They were more patient and sociable
9、 then people now. C. They learned from political speeches. D. They used to think in terms of a printed text. 12. A. It makes people get ideas from images, not from written words. B. It has made the public less interested in politics. C. The quality of television programming has declined. D. Politica
10、l programs on TV are too complex. 13. A. The environmental effects of consumerism. B. How consumer culture has made people unreasonable. C. How television has affected peoples thinking ability. D. Televisions damage to the environmentQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A.
11、 Some children already know how to do it.B. Some children find it more enjoyable than they expected toC. Some children refuse to take part. D. Some children prefer to swim or play table-tennis. 15. A. They seem grateful for their experience here. B. They complain if they cannot phone their parents.
12、C. They miss meal times with their parents. D. The youngest ones find it hard to be away from home. 16. A. They should visit their children instead of phoning themB. They shouldnt allow their children to bring phones to camp. C. They dont need to keep on phoning the camp. D. They need to be reminded
13、 to phone their children. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Five years. B. Three years C. Four years. D. Six years18. A. The person who has the strong will. B. The person who has attended the adult school. C. The person who can work at computers quickly after a
14、two-day training. D. The person who can pass the test of arithmetic. 19. A. The mans education. B. A new chance for everyone to be promoted.C. The mans pay raise. D. A career promotion for the man.20. A. The man is eager to attend the training. B. The person is not very interested in this chance for
15、 promotion. C. The man has been training for computer work since last year. D. The man is not confident in his chance to be promoted to the Grade 7. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically corr
16、ect. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Last summer, I had just enough money (21) _ (save) to buy a golden ticket - a 3-month train pass that would take me to the furthest reaches o
17、f Europe. Excited for my journey, I packed all the necessities - (22) _ the guidebook. While the convenience of the Internet was definitely (23) _ contributing factor to my decision not to carry the few expensive kilograms of out-of-date information in my suitcase, this was not the only reason I dec
18、ided to fly solo. To be honest, my main problem with the guidebook is that I find it limits a journey - like a bossy aunt (24) _ is always telling you what to do, although she doesnt always know what is best. Sometimes its better to read outside the lines. Sometimes its better not to read any lines
19、at all. Experience has taught me that there is a distinction between a tourist and a traveler. (25) _ waiting in a queue to see Michelangelos David in Florence, I met a man who had a checklist. He showed me his list of Top 20 things to do it Italy and boasted that he had seen everything Italy had to
20、 offer in just four days. The problem that I had with this mans approach to (26) _ (travel) was that he was focused on ticking the boxes which were provided by his guidebook. He (27) _ (lose) in the list of the must-sees and blind to all that was happening around him. Guidedbook-less (28) _ we were,
21、 my companion and I tasted the joy of being a traveler when visiting Estonia, the Baltic country bordering Russia. Arriving on nothing more than a whim（突发的念头）, we had no option but (29) _ (approach) some friendly faces for advice. We introduced ourselves and asked them what was happening around town
22、. When this resulted in an invitation to a beautiful Estonian home by a river (30) _ we enjoyed a 110-degree wood-stove sauna, locally picked forest-mushrooms and the good company of our five new-found Estonian friends, we sure were glad we had left our bossy aunt at home. 21. saved 22. except 23. a
23、 24. who / that25. While / When 26. traveling27. was lost 28. as/ though 29. to approach 30. WhereSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. overlooked B. alternative C. urge D. ha
24、bitually E. external F. interactionG. equivalent H. significantly I. clue J. integrated K. infectiousHow has it become the modern _31_ of glancing at your watch-the furtive(偷偷的) look at a phone screen to check for new messages or have a quick look at Facebook? Researchers have now found why we often
25、 feel such a strong _32_ to glance at our cell phones. Using your mobile, they say, is _33_.A team from the University of Michigan say people are twice as likely to pull out their phones to check their text messages or email if theyre with someone who has just done the same. It also found that femal
26、es were more likely to use their mobile than men because it was more _34_ into the daily lives of women.The team watched students in dining halls and coffee shops around campus, observing pairs of students sitting at tables for as long as 20 minutes and documented their cell phone use at 10-second i
27、ntervals. “What we found most fascinating was just how often people were using their mobile phones,” Dr Daniel Kruger, the studys co-author, said. “Overall, the students used their cell phones in an average of 24 percent, but they were _35_ more likely to use their phones when their companion had ju
28、st done so in the previous 10-second interval than without the social _36_.“Cell phones create a(n) _37_ outlet for ones attention and may both promote and interfere with live social interaction,” the researchers wrote.Kruger believes this pattern could be related to the effects of social inclusion
29、and exlusion. If one person in a pair engages in a(n) _38_ conversation through their phone, his or her companion may feel excluded. That companion then might be compelled to connect with others externally so as not to feel _39_.The researchers note that they might not observe the same results in a
30、study of different crowds- for example, in older adults, who may not use cell phones as _40_.【答案】31-40 GCKJHFBEAD【重难点词汇和短语解析】1. Habitually - adv.习惯性地，日常地2. Integrate into - prep.成为一体，融入3. Alternative - adj.可供选择的; n.备选项4. Interval - n.间隔5. Outlet - n.出口，排放口；发泄方式6. interfere with - prep.介入7. Inclusion
31、 - n.包含，内含物8. Exclusion - n.被排除在外的事物9. Engage in - prep.参与，从事10. be compelled to - prep.不得不【试题解析】31题通过词性判断应该是名词，空格前面发的modern和后文的glancing at your watch得出选项G.equivalent, 本句意思是现代人看手机就像以前的人看手表一样，时不时地会去偷偷瞄两眼。32题判断为名词，通过前文描写人们会时不时地偷偷查看手机这一举动，本句的意思是为什么我们会有如此强烈的欲望去看手机，因此选C.urge.33题的线索在第二段开头，讲到如果别人看手机，我们就更有可
32、能掏出手机来，因此这一举动是具有“传染性的”，因此锁定K.infectious.34题考查短语integrate into - 成为一体，融入。本句讲的是女性比男性更长用手机，因为手机与女性的生活融为一体。35题前后衔接为were more likely,因此判断此处为副词，修饰more likely的程度副词只有habitually,因此答案选D.36题考查短语social interaction - 社交，此线索也在下文中出现。本句的意思是这些被调查的大学生如果在跟别人社交两天的间隙停留十秒看到别人看了手机，而没有跟自己有任何交流，那么自己极有可能也去看手机。37题判断词性为形容词，本句意
33、为手机为人们获得他人的注意提供了另一种方式。因此选B.alternative.38题判定为形容词，剩下的形容词当中只有E.external符合本句话的意思，此处在讲两人中有一人在用电话跟别人交流，而这种交流只能是外在的，通过手机沟通。39题判定为形容词，本句意思是看到对方看手机，而为了让自己感到不被忽视也不得不去看手机。因此选A.overlooked.40题所在的这句话举例了其他人群可能并非上文所说的那样，比如老年人就不会常常用手机，表示习惯性地去做什么事，因此答案为D.habitually.III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For
34、 each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Do you remember how you felt the first time you rode bike? What about your first heartbreak? _41_ moments and the emotions they arouse can
35、resonate in our minds for decades, powerfully shaping who we are as individuals. But for those who experience severe trauma(创伤), such painful memories can leave people with life-changing mental conditions. So, what if traumatic memories did not have to cause so much _42_ ? For now, the work is happe
36、ning in mice. Neuroscientists usually define a singular memory as an engram-a physical change in brain tissue _43_ a particular recollection. While at MIT in 2013, Steve Ramirez of Boston University and his research partner Xu Liu had a breakthrough: They were able to target the cells that _44_ one
37、engram in a mouses brain and then implant a false memory. In their work, mice _45_ in fear to a particular stimulus even when they had not been conditioned in advance. In their current work, Ramirez and his colleagues are investigating whether _46_ memories can be “overwritten” by positive ones. In
38、their experiments, positive memories are created by putting male mice in cages with female ones for an hour, and negative memories are created by putting the mice in cages that deliver brief foot shocks. After a surgical operation on the mice, the researchers find that _47_ positive memories while m
39、ouse is in a cage makes it less fearful. They think that this memory “retrainingmay be helping to _48_ some of the mouses trauma. _49_ , it is unclear whether those original fear memories are completely lost or just suppressed(抑制)._50_ Ramirezs team stresses that their work in mice is preliminary(初步
40、的), they see treatment potential for humans down the road. Those suffering from PTSD or depression could have their memories _51_ , for instance, so that they dont have a strong _52_ response to painful recollections.If its one day possible to alter human memory, who should be allowed to receive tha
41、t treatment? And would the _53_ system be at a disadvantage if key witnesses and victims cannot remember a crime? These are questions New York University bioethicist Arthur Caplan says are worth thinking about before the technology is ready for human clinical settings. As neuroscientists progress wi
42、th their research, they say these _54_ issues are being taken into account. Ramirez sees the idea of _55_ memories as neither good nor bad. Like water, it just depends on how you use it.41. A. ForgettableB. MemorableC. SustainableD. Believable42. A. fruitB. differenceC. painD. movement43. A. associa
43、ted withB. exchanged forC. sentenced toD. deprived of44. A. put offB. pick upC. turn onD. make up45. A. reactedB. hurriedC. stunnedD. resolved46. A. short-termB. negativeC. enjoyableD. reliable47. A. deletingB. decreasingC. activatingD. pausing48. A. recreateB. eliminateC. liberateD. memorize49. A.
44、ThereforeB. BesidesC. IndeedD. However50. A. SinceB. UnlessC. UntilD. While51. A. removedB. strengthenedC. alteredD. stimulated52. A. emotionalB. physicalC. controversialD. mechanical53. A. immuneB. justiceC. medicalD. commerce54. A. mentalB. ethicalC. criminalD. equality55. A. killingB. multiplying
45、C. controllingD. justifying【答案】4145. BCADA 4650. BCBDD 5155. CABBC【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了神经科学家们在老鼠身上做实验，看是否可以改变大脑中有关痛苦的那些记忆，且该实验已经取得初步效果。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些记忆深刻的时刻和他们激起的情感可以几十年在我们的头脑中产生共鸣，塑造着我们是谁。A.Forgettable 忘记了的；B. Memorable记忆深刻的； C.Sustainable可持续的； D. Believable 可以相信的。根据上句“Do you remember how you
46、felt the first time you rode bike?”（作者问第一次骑车的时候）可知，作者在讲过去的记忆。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这些创伤不会造成如此多的伤害，那会怎么样呢？A.fruit 水果；B.difference不同，影响； C.pain 痛苦； D.movement运动。根据上句“such painful memories can leave people with life-changing mental conditions.（这些痛苦的记忆会给人们带来改变生活的精神状况。）“创伤”应该是痛苦的经历，所以会造成“痛苦”。 故选C。【23题
47、详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：神经系统科学家通常定义一个记忆为“一个印迹符号”-在大脑组织中的和一个特定的记忆有关的物理改变。A.associated with 和.有关；B.exchanged for交换； C.sentenced to 判刑；D.deprived of剥夺。“ define a singular memory as ”本句解释的是“memory”的定义，recllection是它的近义词，因此应该是“和它相关的”。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们能够瞄准那个构成记忆符号的细胞，然后植入一个虚假的记忆。A.put off 推迟；B.pick up 捡起；C. turn on打开； D.make up构成。根据“a phy
