1、2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用12解析版基础盘点自测自评23重点词汇拓展词汇1.surround vt.围绕；环绕surrounding adj.周围的n周围的事物surroundings n环境2.distant adj.遥远的 distance n距离3.forbid vt.禁止过去式 forbade/forbad过去分词 forbidden4.varied adj.多变化的various adj.各种各样的variety n种类；多样性5.naturally adv.自然地nature n自然；本性natural adj.自然的语境活用1.There are a variet
2、y of books in the bookstore. Children can read various books here.(varied)2.It is her nature to trust whoever she meets. So naturally, she is often taken in by others.(nature)3.As a famous pop star, he loves being surrounded by so many fans coming to visit him from the surrounding towns. And he also
3、 likes beautiful surroundings with green trees and flowers, because he can get much more pleasure from nature.(surround)4.The man is always distant towards his neighbors, so his neighbors often keep him at a distance(distant)深谙构词法高中英语加-cy后缀结尾名词大观园accurate-accuracy准确性 adequate-adequacy 足够；适当；妥善性bankr
4、upt-bankruptcy 破产；倒闭brilliant -brilliancy 辉煌；灿烂consistent-consistency 一致性；相容性correspond -correspondency 符合；一致current-currency 货币，通货delicate-delicacy 美味；佳肴efficient-efficiency 效率；功emergent-emergency 紧急情况；突发事件fluent-fluency 流利； 流畅frequent-frequency频率, 频繁innocent-innocency 天真行为；无罪permanent-permanency 永
5、久private-privacy隐私, 私密 tend-tendency 趋势；趋向transparent-transparency 透明；透明度urgent-urgency 紧急；催促；急切，急迫对接高考重点单词词性转换高效演练二十三.单句语法填空1.I had just sat down to work when I spotted something moving(move) on the wall.2.When things go wrong, all of us naturally(nature) feel disappointed and frustrated.3.Whoever
6、has gone through sandstorms knows the importance of environmental protection.4.Even if you cant help him, at least you can give him encouragement.5.It is necessary for children to exchange ideas with parents from time to time so that the generation gap between them can be narrowed (narrow)6.Why do t
7、he hikers take no notice of the surroundings (surround) during the journey?7.Forbidden from going out at night, we had to stay at home aimlessly (aimless).8.Silence may be viewed by some cultural (culture) groups as extremely uncomfortable.9.In view of the present situation, well have to change our
8、original (origin) plan.10.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed to help them succeed academically (academic) and personally. .单句改错1.In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is forbad, especially if you are a woman. forbadforbidden2.Stood at the top of t
9、he mountain, we are able to have a good view of the beautiful scenery of the whole city.StoodStanding3.Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be good.goodbetter4.Obvious, I had met him before, but his name escapes me for the moment.ObviousObviously5.When the tourists who g
10、ot lost in the mountain saw the light in the distance, they became very exciting.excitingexcitedIII.短文语法填空China has developed a unique festival food culture throughout the years. Eating dumplings is a common folk custom for many Chinese on the day of winter solstice(冬至), especially those 1._ live in
11、 the north. When midwinter comes, vital movement begins to decline and calm down. In this period, if 2._(eat) in a right amount, some nuts such as peanuts, walnuts, and chestnuts are good for ones body.People in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 3._(be) accustomed to eating wontons in midwinter.According to
12、 an old story, during the midwinter feast 2，500 years ago, the King of Wu was fed up 4._ all kinds of costly foods and wanted to try 5._(variety) things. Then, the beauty Xishi made wontons to honor the kings wish. He ate a lot and liked the food very much. Later, the people of Suzhou had wontons to
13、 celebrate the festival 6._(official)In places such as Shanghai, people eat tangyuan, a kind of small dumpling ball 7._(produce) with sticky rice flour(粉). In Yinchuan, Ningxia, people call midwinter the “Ghost Festival”. On that day, 8._ is a custom for people there to eat mutton soup and the dumpl
14、ings in it. They give the midwinter soup a strange name and call it “brain”， which they usually share with their 9._(relative). People in Taiwan keep the custom of providing ninelayer cakes for their ancestors. People from the same family gather at their ancestral temples to adore their ancestors in
15、 order of their ages. After 10._(hold) the sacrificial ceremony, there is always a grand dinner.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。多年来中国形成了自己独特的节日饮食文化。文章重点讲述了不同地方在不同节日的不同风俗习惯的由来和饮食特点。1who解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少关系词引导定语从句，指代先行词those，指人，应用关系词who。故填who。2eaten解析：考查省略句。分析句子结构可知，在if引导的条件状语从句中，省略的主语跟主句中的主语一致，是some nuts，且与动词eat
16、构成被动关系，此处省略了主语和are。故填eaten。3are解析：考查动词的时态与主谓一致。根据语境，此处时态为一般现在时，且主语People为复数，此处应用are。故填are。4with解析：考查介词。feed up with意为“给某人以充足的或有营养的食物，使对厌烦”，为固定搭配。故填with。5various解析：考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词“things”，various意为“多种多样的”。故填various。6officially解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词celebrate，officially意为“正式地”。故填officially。7produced解析
17、：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，dumpling ball与produce之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，因此应用过去分词作后置定语。故填produced。8it解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处构成句式“It is名词/形容词for sb.to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。9relatives解析：考查名词的单复数。根据their可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填relatives。10holding解析：考查非谓语动词。介词After后应接动名词形式。故填holding。IV.短文改错This morning my Ameri
18、can friends Jack and I went to the temple fair holding in our city. When we arrived at the park, we were amazed at that we saw. There were such many different performances and booths selling tradition handicrafts. Since there were lots of games to play, food to eat, and performances to see, we spend
19、 at least six hours walking through crowds of people. Jack said he had great time because he not only tasted numerous kinds of local snacks and another dishes but also enjoyed live dragon and lion dances, waist drum dancing and other folk performances. We came back of home at about seven pm., tired
20、and happy.答案：This morning my American Jack and I went to the temple fair in our city. When we arrived at the park, we were amazed at we saw. There were many different performances and booths selling handicrafts. Since there were lots of games to play, food to eat, and performances to see, we at leas
21、t six hours walking through crowds of people. Jack said he had great time because he not only tasted numerous kinds of local snacks and dishes but also enjoyed live dragon and lion dances, waist drum dancing and other folk performances. We came back home at about seven pm., tired happy.基础盘点自测自评24重点词
22、汇拓展词汇1.frightening adj.吓人的frighten vt.使害怕frightened adj.害怕的；受惊的fright n害怕2.exist vi.存在existence n存在3.unlikely adj.不可能的likely adj.可能的4.adapt vi.适应；适合adaptation n适应；改编，改写5.disappear vi.不见；消失appear vi.出现(反义词)6.destruction n毁坏destroy v破坏destructive adj.破坏性的7.identity n身份；特性identify vt.辨认，确认8.fortune n运气
23、；命运；财富fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地语境活用1.To his fright, the frightening scene frightened the other frightened children into crying. (frighten)2.Fortunately, he came to the new island safely. It was also fortunate for him to make his fortune here. (fortune)3.People destroy forests and rivers f
24、or their own benefit. Their destructive activities are likely to cause the destruction of the earth. (destroy)4.There exists an old hospital at the corner, but no one knows when it came into existence(exist)5.Its easy to identify the victim but its identity is kept secret.(identity)深谙构词法高考英语加后缀-dom结
25、尾名词全扫描bore-boredom 厌倦；令人厌烦的事物chief-chiefdom n. 首领的权威；首领的地位free-freedom 自由；自主king-kingdom n. 王国；界；领域official-officialdom 官场；官员；官僚作风puzzle-puzzledom 困境prince-princedom 君王的地位或头衔；王子的领土self-selfdom 个性；自我本质star-stardom 演员们；明星界；明星身份unfrock-unfreedom 无自由unwise-unwisdom 无知;愚昧；愚昧的言行 wise-wisdom明智;智慧对接高考重点单词词性
26、转换高效演练二十四.单句语法填空1.The water shortage (short) is severe mainly due to global warming, environmental pollution and the everincreasing population.2.The development of industry has been a gradual process throughout human existence(exist), from stone tools to modern technology.3.There is worldwide concer
27、n about the destruction (destroy) of the rain-forests.4.Fortunately, people have realized the seriousness (serious) of the problem. 5.I was late in getting to the station. But fortunately (fortune) for me, the train was late, too.6.The police seemed to have found the new evidence of his crime, which
28、 made him very worried (worry).7.I believe the teachers explanation (explain)will throw light on/upon this puzzling problem.8.This knife is hard to cut something in two, and it needs sharpening (sharp)9.Due to your dishonesty (honest), our cooperation will come to an end.10.Nowadays, there is a shar
29、p increase in childrens creativity (create), for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.单句改错1.Whether wildlife can be well protected is of great important. importantimportance2.Keeping calmly is the most important thing when you deal with an emergency. calmlycalm3.At last the tourists
30、managed to escape from the dangerous place, hungry and frightening. frighteningfrightened4.If a nuclear war ever breaks out, many people will be likely to survive likelyunlikely5.He said they did not want war with anyone, but if attacked they would fight to the die . diedeath III.短文语法填空As the effect
31、s of global warming, rising seas and natural disasters become more serious 1._ before, some local communities are taking action. Among them is one community in Florida 2._ local people and government officials are proving successful in protecting 3._(coast) cities from the dangers of rising sea leve
32、ls.The community has studied how much sea levels will rise and has suggested 4._(way) to address the problem. It has persuaded the state government 5._(ban) new developments on land near the coastline and recommended building sand dunes(沙丘) along beaches. Kristin Jacobs, one of the groups founders,
33、decided to take action in 2008 after it became 6._(gradual) clear that her states water authorities couldnt agree on joint(联合的) action.While some Florida government officials doubt whether the climate will become hotter or 7._(cold), the people 8._(live) in these locations are certain of the need to
34、 protect their communities.At present, coming up with ways to fight against the effects of climate change under a limited budget 9._(be) a pressing concern. Only time will tell whether these coastal communities will succeed in 10._ end.【解题导语】随着气候变暖的影响，海平面上升及自然灾害均会给人类带来毁灭性打击。为此，位于佛罗里达州的一个社区的人们积极采取行动来
35、保护自己赖以生存的家园。1than解析：考查连词。句意：由于全球变暖的影响，海平面上升和自然灾害变得比以前更加严重，当地的一些社区正在采取行动。根据设空处前的more serious及设空处后的before可知，此处表示比较意义。故填than。2where解析：考查定语从句。句意：其中一个是佛罗里达州的一个社区，在保护沿海城市免受海平面上升的威胁方面，当地的人们和政府官员(的做法)证明是成功的。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引导定语从句，先行词为Florida，表示地点，设空处在从句中充当地点状语，故应用where引导该从句。故填where。3coastal解析：考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析
36、。设空处在句中修饰名词cities，应用形容词。故填coastal。4ways解析：考查名词单复数。句意：社区研究了海平面上升的程度，并提议解决问题的方法。此处way意为“方法”，是可数名词，根据句意及语境可知，此处指不止一种方法，故应用复数形式。故填ways。5to ban解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：社区劝说州政府禁止在海岸线附近开发新的土地并建议沿着海滩建起沙丘。persuade.to do.为固定搭配，意为“劝说做”，故此处应用不定式to ban作persuade的宾语补足语。故填to ban。6gradually解析：考查词性转换。句意：克里斯汀雅各布斯是这个组织的创建者之一，在逐渐了
37、解到州内各水利局就联合行动不能达成统一的意见之后，她于2008年决定采取行动。设空处修饰形容词clear，应用副词，故填gradually。7colder解析：考查形容词的比较等级。句意：尽管佛罗里达州有些政府官员怀疑气候是否会变得更热或更冷，但住在这些地区的人们确定需要保护他们的社区。根据并列连词or及之前的hotter可知，此处表示比较意义，应用形容词的比较级。故填colder。8living解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰主语the people，且与the people之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填living。9is解析：考查动词
38、的时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，在财力受限的情况下，提出对抗气候变化影响的方法是迫切的问题。句中“coming up with ways.”是动名词短语，为本句主语，其谓语动词应用单数形式，且根据本句时间状语At present可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填is。10the解析：考查冠词。句意：只有时间会说明这些沿海社区(的举措)最终是否会成功。in the end是固定搭配，意为“最终，最后”。故填the。IV.短文改错I asked my dad if he wanted to take a trip to Iceland. No one was more surprising than m
39、e when he accepted my invite. We spent months preparing and plan for the trip. I am hoping that the trip would be the chance for us to fix some communication problems in our relationship. After our overnight flight we picked up the rental car and headed out to drive along the Golden Circle. We were
40、exhausted the flight. One of the stop on the Golden Circle was the Geysir. Wait for it to erupt was the coldest ten minutes of my life. I got lost on the drive back to Reykjavk. I began to wonder that whether this whole trip was a mistake. On the contrary, it was a perfect one, which repaired our re
41、lationship. Now we can tell everything to each other.答案：I asked my dad if he wanted to take a trip to Iceland. No one was more than me when he accepted my . We spent months preparing and for the trip. I hoping that the trip would be chance for us to fix some communication problems in our relationshi
42、p. After our overnight flight we picked up the rental car and headed out to drive along the Golden Circle. We were exhausted the flight. One of the on the Golden Circle was the Geysir. for it to erupt was the coldest ten minutes of my life. got lost on the drive back to Reykjavk. I began to wonder whether this whole trip was a mistake. On the contrary, it was a perfect one, which repaired our relationship. Now we can tell everything to each other.
