1、Unit 1 Lifestyles一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1questionnaire n问卷；调查表2lifestyle n. 生活方式3cartoon n. 卡通片，动画片4portable adj. 轻便的，手提(式)的5paperwork n. 日常文书工作6midnight n. 午夜，半夜7expert n. 专家8volunteer n. 志愿者9diet n. 饮食；节食10accountant n. 会计，会计师11advertisement n. 广告12classical adj. 古典的13cycle vi. 骑自行车14sickness
2、n. 疾病15nearby adj. 附近的_adv. 在附近.核心词汇写其形1matter vi. 要紧，有重大关系2suppose vt. 认为，猜想3switch vt. 转换，转变4remote adj. 遥远的5document n. 公文，文件6partner n. 合作者，搭档7stand vt. 忍耐，忍受8challenge n. 挑战9support vt.& n. 支持；支撑10distance n. 距离11dial vt. 拨(电话号码)12design n& vt. 设计13otherwise adv. 否则；另外14forecast n. 预报；预测15style
3、 n. 风格，作风.拓展词汇通其变1peaceful adj. 平静的；和平的peace n. 和平peacefully adv. 和平地2relaxing adj. 轻松的，放松的relax vt. & vi. 放松relaxed adj. 放松的；轻松的3stress n压力stressful adj.充满压力的，紧张的stressed adj. 受压的4alarm n. 警报，警告器 alarmed adj. 害怕的 alarming adj. 令人惊恐的5urgent adj. 急迫的，紧急的urgently adv. 紧急地urgency n. 紧急；催促6bored adj. 厌烦
4、的，不感兴趣的boring adj. 没趣的；令人厌倦(或厌烦)的7suffer vi. 遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛suffering n. 痛苦，苦难sufferer n. 受害者8pressure n. 压力press v. 按；压9social adj. 社交的；社会的 socially adv. 社会地 society n. 社会10reduce vt. 减少；降低reduction n. 减少；降低11organise vt. 组织 organisation n. 组织12prefer vt. 更喜欢；宁愿preference n. 偏爱preferable adj. 更合适的13gra
5、duate vi. 毕业 graduation n. 毕业14presentation n. 表演；展示 present v. 呈现15formal adj. 正式的，合礼仪的informal adj. 非正式的16crowd n. 人群，一伙人crowded adj. 拥挤的1.好“事”多磨incident事件matter 事件，问题affair 事务，私事issue 问题，事情event 事件，大事2.学会“容忍(忍受)”beartoleratestandsufferput up with3.“支持，拥护”家族advocate vt.提倡；拥护back vt. 支持support vt.
6、支持，帮助stand by/for 支持in favour of 支持，赞同 (二)重点短语记牢用活1switch_on/off/over把开关打开，接通/把关掉，关上/转换频道，转变2go_off (爆竹、铃等)响3take_up 占据；开始从事4be_filled_with 充满着5suffer_from 忍受，遭受6free_of 免受；摆脱7put_pressure_on. 给施加压力8be_prepared_for. 为做好准备9at_the_moment 此刻，目前10get_changed 换衣服，更衣11take_turns_to_do_sth. 轮流做某事12play_a_r
7、ole/part_in. 在中起作用13come_up_with 追上，赶上；想出，找到14look_forward_to 盼望，期望15as_well_as 除之外还；既又16make_a_difference 有影响；起作用1.“v.off”短语聚会go off(爆竹、铃等)响take off (飞机)起飞；脱掉cut off 切断；断绝give off 放出put off 推迟，拖延pay off 偿清；回报2.“v.up”短语全接触take up 占据；开始从事go up 上升break up 分裂；打碎build up 逐渐增强；建立hang up 挂起来；挂断电话pick up (
8、无意中)学会；捡起；开车去接3.“v.upwith”短语大聚会come up with追上，赶上；想出catch up with 赶上；追上keep up with 跟上put up with 容忍；忍受make up with 与和解/和好break up with 与分手 (三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：do you think你认为(用作插入语)What kind of lifestyles do_you_think the men in the pictures have？你认为图中的人有什么样的生活方式呢？句型2：the序数词n.to do sth.I am alway
9、s the first person to_get_to_the_office.我总是第一个到达办公室的人。句型3：find宾语宾语补足语I find_painting_or_drawing_very_relaxing.我发现画画很令人放松。句型4：so.that.如此以至于Usually, its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。句型5：the same.that.We dont have the_same work hours that office workers in the city have.我
10、们和这个城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1Having settled in that remote(遥远的) area for a year, the young man finally adapted to the weather.2(2019江苏卷)From the design(设计) and colour of our uniforms, the British friends will learn more about our school.3Robert cant stand(忍受) catching the bus, s
11、o he always goes to work by bike.4What matters(很重要) is not your appearance but your ability.5(2019江苏卷)Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support(支撑) a creature that walked on all fours and had a relatively small head.6What
12、 are you doing now，Tom？You are supposed(suppose) to go to bed.7The father is out of work, so the pressure(press) of the poor family is beyond my imagination.8Although the world is full of sufferings(suffer), it is also full of the overcoming of it.9The young girl will be offered a good job as soon a
13、s she graduates (graduate) from college.10(2019天津卷)To many people，technology means computers, handheld devices, or vehicles that travel to distant(distance) planets.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1Listen to the music to relax yourself. In fact, the relaxing music will make most of us feel relaxed(relax)2As a gradu
14、ate from a famous university, she was offered a good job after her graduation(graduate)3They suffered a lot in the war. One of the sufferers told of her sufferings in the war.(suffer)4The film League of Gods was really boring,_which made some audience bored. They got up and left.(bore)5The two count
15、ries both love a peaceful life, so they often settle the arguments peacefully(peace).选词成篇take up; be fond of; look forward to; be free of; make a difference; over the years; come up withI 1.am_fond_of music. When I 2.am_free_of homework, I prefer playing the guitar to playing the piano. 3.Over_the_y
16、ears,_Ive improved it a lot.But whenever I 4.take_up my piano, I always 5.look_forward_to your help.Could you e_up_with some advice on how to improve my skills? Im sure it will 7.make_a_difference to me.go off; switch on; switch over; be filled with; suffer from; at the moment; be designed for; be b
17、ored withJamie is very busy 8.at_the_moment. In his opinion, our life 9.is_filled_with challenges and chances which 10.are_designed_for those who work hard, so he would rather 11.suffer_from being homesick.Every morning the moment his alarm clock 12.goes_off,_he gets up and starts to work hard.In hi
18、s spare time, he either listens to soft music to relax himself or 13.switches_on the TV to watch news. However, he seldom 14.switches_over to watch TV series because he 15.is_bored_with them.完成句子1你认为谁是我们班最优秀的学生？Who_do_you_think is the best student in our class?2探索新地方是很有趣的，即使你知道你并不是第一个到过那里的。Its fun t
19、o explore new places, even though you know you are not the_first_to_have_been_there3我们到达那里时， 发现那座房子被毁掉了。 When we arrived there, we found_the_house_ruined4汤姆非常诚实，因而受到了老师的赞扬。Tom was so_honest_a_boy_that he was praised by the teacher.5这就是我昨天在朋友家读的那本书。This book is the_same_that I read in my friends home
20、 yesterday. mattervi.要紧，有重大关系n物质；问题；毛病基础练习单句语法填空For most of the people in the hall, it is just a matter of taste.It is your attitude towards your classmates that really matters(matter)To make matters(matter) worse, the doctor was late again that morning.能力提升完成句子你失败多少次都不要紧；要紧的是你有多少次站起来并再次尝试。It_doesnt
21、_matter how many times you fail; what_matters is how many times you stand up and try again.坚持不懈，难也变易。Keep trying no_matter_how_hard_it_seems and it will get easier.,(1)It doesnt matter.没关系。It matters/doesnt matter (to sb.)主语从句 (对某人来说)有关系，重要/没关系，不重要。(2)Whats the matter (with.)? ()怎么了？a matter of. 一个的
22、问题as a matter of fact 实际上，不瞒你说，事实上to make matters worse(whats worse) 更糟糕的是 supposevt.认为，猜想；假设；应当，应该 基础练习单句语法填空(北京卷)The college years are supposed to_be(be) a time for important growth in autonomy and the development of adult identity.Will it rain today?I suppose so. There are so many dark clouds in
23、the sky!Supposing/Suppose(suppose) the plane is delayed, what shall we do?能力提升完成句子/句式升级政府应该采取有效措施保护环境。The government is_supposed_to_take_effective_measures_to protect the environment. 环境已经大大地影响了人们的日常生活。The environment has_greatly_affected peoples daily life.用非限制性定语从句合并The_government_is_supposed_to_t
24、ake_effective_measures_to_protect_the_environment,_which_has_greatly_affected_peoples_daily_life. (1)suppose sb./sth.(to be).认为某人/某事be supposed to do 应该做/本该做(而未做)I suppose so 我想是这样I suppose not 我想不会的I suppose(I think) 我认为(常用作插入语)(2)suppose/supposing(that). 假使，假定名师点津 (1)当主语是第一人称suppose, think, believ
25、e, imagine等接宾语从句时，其反意疑问句要与从句保持一致。(2)在suppose后可用so或not来代替that从句，避免重复表达过的想法。 switchvt.转换，转变n开关；改变，转变基础练习单句语法填空(全国卷)The nursery team switches(switch) him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed，the other is with mumshe never suspects.I parked the car, switched off the engine
26、 and got off.I switched over to CCTV5 to watch the basketball match.The girl often switches on her computer as soon as she gets to the office.(全国卷)For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. (1)switch off 把关掉，关上switch on 把开关打开，接通switch(
27、.)to. (把)变换/转移到switch over 转换频道，转变switch into 接入(2)make a switch 进行改变佳句背诵 Make a switch from publishing to teaching.由出版工作改做教学工作。 suffervi.& vt.遭受(痛苦或困难)，受苦；经受(损失等)基础练习单句语法填空Our life is becoming better and better while in some countries there are still some people suffering from hunger.(2019浙江卷6月)The
28、 loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had_suffered(suffer) the greatest water shortage.It is hard to imagine the pain and suffering(suffer) these poor people went through during the winter months.能力提升完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)He had_never_suffered_such_a_great_loss(从未遭受过这么大的损失) before in his lif
29、e, so he almost lost the hope for life.(高级表达)Never before in his life had_he_suffered_such_a_great_loss,_so he almost lost the hope for life.(倒装)(高级表达)Not having_suffered_such_a_great_loss before in his life, he almost lost the hope for life.(分词作状语) (1)suffer作及物动词时，指遭受一般的痛苦、损害等，其宾语常为loss，pain，punish
30、ment，defeat, hardship, disappointment等。(2)suffer from受苦；患病(3)suffering n. 受苦；苦难 佳句背诵 Neilson considers herself lucky though she suffered injuries.尽管受了伤，尼尔森还是认为自己很幸运。(湖北卷)All day and all night it snowed, and the city began to suffer from a general traffic jam.大雪不分昼夜地下，全城开始陷入交通大拥堵。词块助记 suffer from a h
31、eart attack心脏病发作suffer a great deal from cold and hunger饥寒交迫 reducevt.减少；降低基础练习单句语法填空The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to_reduce(reduce) air pollution.With great effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days.It was foggy so the dr
32、iver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.能力提升完成句子减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊你的感受。One_of_the_most_effective_ways_to_reduce_stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.reduce.by.把减少了reduce.to. 把减少到；把变为be reduced to 陷入某种境地(to为介词) 佳句背诵 It turns out that just looking at green, gro
33、wing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪)结果证明看绿色的、生长的东西可以减少压力，降低血压，使人们的心情变得更好。(2019全国卷)联想发散 reducedecrease(同义词)；reduceincrease,_rise(反义词) prefervt.(preferred，preferred，preferring)更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)基础练习单句语法填空Im quite satisfied, and I prefer renting su
34、ch an apartment to buying(buy) one.Unlike fastfood places, fine dining shops prefer customers to_stay(stay) longer and spend more time.(2019天津卷)Several reasons may account for my preference(prefer) for western painting.能力提升一句多译我宁愿过简单的生活也不愿浪费有限的资源。I prefer_to_live_simply_rather_than_waste the limited
35、 resources. (prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)I prefer_living_simply_to_wasting the limited resources. (prefer doing sth. to doing sth.)I would_live_simply_rather_than_waste the limited resources. (would do sth. rather than do sth.)I would_rather_live_simply_than_waste the limited resources. (w
36、ould rather do sth. than do sth.) (1)prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.相对于更喜欢(做)prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 希望/愿意某人做某事(2)(3)preference n偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物 佳句背诵 I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month.在下个月的欢迎仪式上，与中国的传统服装相比，我更喜欢校服。(201
37、9江苏卷)名师点津 (1)prefer不用于进行时。(2)prefer相当于like better，所以prefer不可与比较级连用。 standvt.忍受；经受vi.站立；处于(某种状态)n看台，立场；支架基础练习单句语法填空(2018天津卷)Suddenly I sensed a man standing(stand) behind me. “Where do you think you are？” he asked.She will have to find another job, for she cant stand working(work) overtime any more.能
38、力提升完成句子(湖南卷)多萝西在我印象中很突出，她是在偏远地区活得很精彩的一个人。Dorothy stands_out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.在中国，中国结代表友谊、爱和好运。In China, Chinese knotting stands_for friendship, love and good luck. (1)cant stand sth./(sb.) doing sth.不能忍受某事/(某人)做某事(2)stand by袖手旁观；支持(某人)stand for 代表，象征stand out 显眼，突
39、出佳句背诵 The decision has been made and I have got to stand by it.决定已经作出了，我必须要遵守。名师点津 (1)stand意为“忍受”时，常与can，could连用，用于否定句和疑问句，其后常接名词、代词或动词ing形式；不能用于进行时态。(2)表示“忍受”的词汇还有bear, endure, put up with。 supportvt.支持；支撑；维持；供养nU支持；拥护；供养基础练习单句语法填空(2018天津卷)Supported(support) by you, we can surely win in the robotic
40、 competition. a.What moves me is that my parents always support me in what I want to do.bWhenever I disagree with my brother, my father comes to my support.能力提升完成句子科学家必须提出论据以支持其理论。A scientist must produce evidence in_support_of his theory. (1)support sb.in sth.在某方面支持某人(2)come to ones support 来支持某人in
41、 support of. 支持 佳句背诵 Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion unless he wants their support. 汤姆如此独立以至于他从来都不问父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。(2019天津卷) designn设计；图案v. 设计；计划；企图基础练习单句语法填空(2019天津卷)Most colleges now offer firstyear students a course specially designed to_help(help) them succeed acad
42、emically and personally.a.Designed(design) for English beginners, the dictionaries were sold out on the day when it came out.bDesigning(design) a splendid hotel, Mr. Huxley has no time for relaxation these days.(上海卷)Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 pe
43、ople in the station. 能力提升句式升级(普通表达)This project was designed to help the students in need. But it just didnt work out as planned.(高级表达)This project designed_to_help_the_students_in_need just didnt work out as planned.(过去分词作定语)(高级表达)This project which_was_designed_to_help_the_students_in_need just di
44、dnt work out as planned.(定语从句) (1)design sth.for.为某目的或用途而制造或计划be designed for./to do sth. 目的是(2)故意地，蓄意地 偶然地 词块助记 design a car 设计汽车specially designed software 专门设计的软件the design for the new sports centre 新体育中心的草图a bowl with a flower design 有花卉图案的碗 otherwiseadv.& conj.否则；另外，在其他方面基础练习单句语法填空Work harder, otherwise/or you will fall behind others.I was busy then, otherwise I would_have_helped(help) you out.T
