1、新题型04 读后续写 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明（高考综合改革试验省份试用）（第一版）已经公布。作为试点开始单位，2016年10月份开始的浙江省新高考英语科目考试题型有重大变化，其中英语写作分为两部分：第一节为应用文写作；第二节为读后续写或概要写作。应用文写作与往年的写作变化不是很大，已为广大师生所熟悉，但是第二节的读后续写或概要写作是一种新题型，之前考试中考生并未接触过。为方便广大师生尽早熟悉这种题型，高效备考，特作以下解读。题型解读 读后续写1.题型介绍选材特点（1）所需阅读的短文词数在350以内；（2）多以记叙文故事类文章或者夹叙夹议类文章为主，故事情节有曲折、有起伏，但
2、是，故事线索的逻辑性比较强。评分参考阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：（1）与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；（2）内容的丰富性和对所给关键词语的覆盖情况；（3）应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；（4）上下文的连贯性。注意：（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右（词数少于130的，从总分中减去2分）；（2）应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；（3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；（4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。2.考查能力读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查形式，旨在考查学生的综合语言运用能力。与应用文不同，故事续写除了要求学生掌握丰富的词汇和句式外，还注重学生的
3、内容构思和情节衔接的能力。主要聚焦在以下四个方面：一是把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。学生需要了解给定短文的主要内容，清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况，并通过续写短文表现出来。二是语言运用的准确性和丰富性。期望学生在词汇和语言结构的使用方面准确、恰当，能够根据内容需要使用较为高级的词汇和语言结构，阅卷老师会感觉这个学生很有水平。三是对语篇结构的把控能力。考查学生对上下文逻辑关系的掌握情况，希望学生续写的短文语句连贯、有序。四是创造性思维能力。这是对学生续写短文内容得要求，期望学生续写的短文具有较丰富的内容。该试题具有一定的开放性，要求学生详细和生动地描述情景、态度和感情，符合课程标准的要求和
4、学生的能力水平 3续写特点读后续写，简言之，就是阅读完一篇还未写完的文章之后，根据要求和提示把这篇文章未写完部分补充完整，使之浑然一体。它一方面很好地考查考生对所学语言知识的实际运用能力，而另一方面，它也培养学生的发散思维能力。根据考试说明该部分的规定，考生在续写文章时，要注意续写部分与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度，内容的丰富性和对所标出关键词语的应用情况，应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性以及上下文的连贯性。根据这些规定，我们会发现读后续写有如下特点：（1）读后续写不是随心所欲，是要在引导语（开头语）和提示词的帮助下完成续写部分。如考试说明样题中规定应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语
5、（10处）。这些关键词语类似于传统写作中的要点提示，如人物、地点、事件，但是不同点在于这些关键词语并不是全用。这样考生可根据自己的理解有很大的自主权。另外，所续写部分不能脱离各自段落的首句开头语，即：不能另起炉灶。这些开头语与传统写作中的开头语类似，在某种程度上引导你的思路向哪方面发展。（2）续写短文多以记叙文故事类文章或者夹叙夹议类文章为主，故事情节有曲折、有起伏，但是，故事线索的逻辑性比较强。这样考生能够根据提示词语，顺着原来文章的思路续写文章，并适当发散。（3）读后续写要求读写并重。与阅读理解题一样，读后续写同样需要对本篇文章精确理解，这样所续写部分才不至于偏离主题，就这方面而言有点类似
6、阅读理解题中对文章后续发展的推断，如What would happen next?。（4）所给文章的未完部分的思路和内容并不一定是唯一的，考生可以根据自己对文章的理解，从而对文章的结尾有不同的诠释。如考试说明中读后续写的样题的结尾，考生可以理解为这个年轻人是银行抢劫者，而Arthur因此成为一个大英雄；考生也可以理解为这个年轻人不是一个银行抢劫者，结果产生了误会。 （2017浙江卷）读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。On a bright, warm July afternoon, Mac Hollan, a primary school tea
7、cher, was cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends. One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair, but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him soon. As Mac pedaled (骑行) along alone, he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home. He hope
8、d to show them this beautiful place someday. Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. Man, thats a big dog! he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly that it wasnt a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him. Macs heart jumped. He found out his can of bear sp
9、ray. With one hand on the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Macs relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again. Then it attacked the back of Macs bike, tearing open his tent hag. He fired at the wolf a second
10、time, and again, it fell back only to quickly restart the chase（追赶）.Mac was pedaling hard now. He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. He was a steep uphill climb before him. He knew that once he hit the hill, hed be easy caught up and the wolfs teeth would be tearing i
11、nto his flesh.At this moment, Paul and Beeky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They didnt think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got
12、closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 【思路分析】本文主要讲述了Mac在骑车前往阿拉斯加的途中被一头狼
13、追赶的故事。考生要注意几个关键信息和情节变化：Mac与朋友骑行朋友车坏，让Mac先行Mac独行，欣赏风景被狼追赶，最初误以为是狗心跳加速，朝狼喷洒喷雾狼后退，一分钟后又赶上，咬破帐篷包再次喷洒喷雾，狼更快地追赶Mac向经过的汽车求助，同时不敢减速Paul和 Becky开车路过，发现险情Mac听到汽车声，拦下汽车，而狼就离他十几码远。结合两段的开头，第一段：汽车突然停在Mac前面；第二段：几分钟之后，另外两个骑行者也到了。开始构思，第一段中汽车停下后会发生什么?汽车里的Paul和Becky会有什么反应?下车帮忙还是紧闭车门袖手旁观?如果帮忙，以何种方式?赤手空拳还是有防狼工具?此时，Mac，Pa
14、ul和Becky他们各自的心态如何？恐慌？害怕?勇敢?还是激动?结合第二段可知，此时，他们处在僵持状态(deadlock)的可能性最大。第二段中提到另外两个骑行者到来，他们是谁?是Mac的朋友还是其他陌生人?根据the other可以考虑是Mac的骑行朋友。他们来了之后怎么办?狼会攻击这么多人吗?有没有可能会有更多的狼来?还有没有其他经过的车?考虑情节发展，个人认为只有一头狼，最好的发展应该是它最终逃之夭夭，消失在远方。考虑选择哪些关键词Mac， friends， Paul， bicycle， jumped， wolf等。根据情节，需要储备一些词汇，如赤手空拳bare hands；斗争figh
15、t with/against;靠近approach to；与此同时at the same time/in the meanwhile；僵持状态deadlock;危险状况dangerous situation；威胁threat；撤退，逃跑withdraw/run away;消失disappear；在远处in the distance等。【一句多译】With nothing on the hand, they dared not to fight against the wolf.In the meanwhile, the wolf might feel the peoples threats a
16、round, so it began to step back slowly.【范文】Paragraph 1:Thecarabruptlystoppedinfrontofhim. Paul and Becky got out of the car immediately to give help. But with the bare hands, they didnt dare to fight with the wolf. However, they still approached to the wolf bravely. At the same time, the wolf also n
17、oticed them and turned its head back, shouting loudly at Paul and Becky. Mac then jumped off the bicycle and was ready to fight against the wolf. That reached deadlock.Paragraph 2:Afewminuteslater, theothertwocyclistsarrived. They found the dangerous situation, where three men circled the wolf. Macs
18、 friends also jumped off their bicycles and joined the fight with the wolf. More and more cars stopped. Some drivers took out the sticks from the cars, and some took out the knives, even the guns towards the wolf. Just at that time, the wolf might feel the threats from the people, starting to withdr
19、aw. Soon, it ran away off the road and disappeared in the distance. 续写步骤（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生顺藤摸瓜（结尾）。（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的注意都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生做到心中有数。（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结
20、合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到字迹工整、清晰。备考建议面对读后续写这一新写作题型，在了解了其特点和写作技巧之后，考生只要加以适度练习，对此新题型可以做到得心应手。1. 充分利用记叙文故事类的阅读理解或者完形填空。考生在做此类文章的试题时，读到适当
21、的位置，可以短暂停止，根据已读部分文章的脉络，对文章进行发散思维，设想可能的几种结尾，最后对照原文的结尾，看自己的设想是否与原文一致。2. 经常实施微型化训练，也就是对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某一段落的首句提示，结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，具体推断该段可能要讲述的内容。3. 与传统写作类似，续写文章更加要注意句与句之间的连接词，甚至是冠词的暗示作用。如考试说明的样题中续写部分的第二段the Police Station中的the表明在上一段中已经提到，同时后面的and表明前后之间是并列关系。4. 进行适度专题化练习。俗话说，熟能生巧。对于读后续写这一新题型也是如此。通过适度地练习
22、，可以进一步熟知该种题型的特色，更好地掌握该种题型的写作技巧，更有效地调动传统写作的基础知识，从而写出一篇优美的续写短文。需要注意的是，后续写补全的是语篇，而非单词或短语。5. 在平时的教学中，老师要帮助学生释放创造力和想象力，激发表达动机。 1 (2018浙江卷)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.We took a
23、plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dads friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I
24、 spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. The day starts at dawn on my farm, he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens. while my da
25、d went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool. In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasnt going to take a horse ride by my
26、self anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. Dont be late for supper, Uncle Paul cried, and keep to the track so that you dont get lost! OK! my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It w
27、as so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven(编织的）blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为l50左右；2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.
28、 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。_ 【写作指导】读后续写要求考生首先要读懂已有信息，不仅能读懂字面含义，还要理清文章的脉络。续篇这篇短文时，考生要搞清楚故事的发展进程、前因后果、地理位置、人物思想情感的变化等。在此基础上，考生要顺着文章的思路，根据线索，发挥想象，对其后的情节进行合理预测，并用语言表达出来。通过阅读所给文章可知，父亲带儿子去西部荒野的一个朋友家体验农场生活，见父亲和叔叔骑马，儿子也很想骑，于是亲身上马体验。根据第一段所给首句Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.这一句是故事发展的转折点，
29、可从rabbit出现后带来的反应扩展开，可以写马的反应，也可以写人的反应，但要注意与第二段首句相呼应。第二段首句是We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark.这一句呼应前文Uncle Paul的叮嘱不要误吃晚饭，可从如何寻路返回农场去写。续写时注意要使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后要用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。【范文】 We had no idea where we were and it got dark. Luckily
30、 the stars came out and gave us a little light when we were looking for the way to the farm house. After what must have been several hours, we suddenly heard the sound of sheep in the distance. My dad and I both rode our horses towards the sound of the sheep. As we got closer we saw Uncle Paul with
31、a flashlight waving us over. What a night!2 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Last Sunday afternoon, Sandra and I were eager to meet up with a man on Detroits east side to help him get ready for a job interview this week. But on the way, we spotted a dog lying near the road next to his owner. We thought
32、 hed been hit by a car. My friend, Sandra Abrahamian, and I had assisted animal rescue groups before and we thought there might be something we could do, so we quickly pulled over to help.His owner, a woman told us the dogs name is Bosco, and she was walking him over a mile in the heat to her new ho
33、me. She said Bosco was an outside dog and no one would give him a ride to her new place. Thats when she and a friend decided to walk the entire way. He was going from a life on a chain in one backyard to another. She said Bosco was having trouble breathing along the way, but they thought he could ma
34、ke it. But just a block away from their destination, Bosco fell down. We could tell he was suffering from heatstroke (中暑). She told us he had thrown up and could no longer stand. Bosco was out of breath quickly; his drool(口水) was also thick. Boscos owner said she wanted to give him away because she
35、didnt have time for him. She said he would never be allowed into her new home because her children have allergies(过敏症) and she worried he would dirty the carpet.I made a call to Kristina Rinaldi of Detroit Dog Rescue to ask if they could help Bosco because it was clear that he was going to die witho
36、ut emergency care. To our happiness, Rinaldi said they could help. At once she told the people at Oakland Veterinary Referral Services that a dog which needed critical care was being rushed in and they must be ready to try their best to save him.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段
37、，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：Sandra drove while I stayed in the back seat trying to comfort Bosco._Paragraph 2：So Bosco is now being called Roscoe, whose critical care and recovery were estimated to be several thousand dollars._【范文】Paragraph 1：Sandra drove while I stayed in the
38、back seat trying to comfort Bosco. I thought we lost him a couple of times when he was seemingly out of breath and his eyes seemed to close. By the time we arrived, Bosco was wheeled into the animal care center to receive emergency care. Bosco was put on oxygen and was taken good care of by staff th
39、ere and we waited anxiously for the dog to get out of danger. Rinaldi said another dog in Detroit Dog Rescue had already been named Bosco, and she wanted this new member to have a new name for his new life.Paragraph 2：So Bosco is now being called Roscoe, whose critical care and recovery were estimat
40、ed to be several thousand dollars. It would be difficult for Roscoes new home to cover the costs as a non-profit organization. Thankfully, many people who knew Roscoes story on Detroit Dog Rescues Facebook page donated money to his care. With the help of supporters, Detroit Dog Rescue managed to mak
41、e it. Once Roscoe was in a stable state, Sandra and I returned to our original mission, knowing we had already been given the chance to help one desperate soul.【思路点拨】前文概要 Paragraph 1的开头是Sandra开着车而我待在后座试图安抚Bosco，再结合Paragraph 2开头的内容提示可知，接下来的内容应该是去救援中心途中Bosco的情况，以及到达救援中心后Bosco的情况(接受治疗，救援中心的工作人员给了Bosco一
42、个新名字Roscoe等)。写作时可用到的关键词有：Bosco， Detroit Dog Rescue， life， emergency care等。Paragraph 2的开头是现在Bosco被称为Roscoe，它的急救护理和恢复预计要花费几千美元，这暗示接下来的内容可能会交代这笔钱的来历(如有好心人捐款等)，还可以进一步延伸内容，交代一下Roscoe的恢复情况以及作者的感想。写作时可用到的关键词有：Sandra and I， help， new home等。3 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。When I saw her tonight she smiled an
43、d recognized me. I smiled back at her. She was looking more relaxed even though she was still busy doing her job. I have noticed her several times this last few months and she always looks so much happier now. Tonight when I talked with her I noticed her name tag. Her name is Pamela.Pamela works at
44、the express checkouts in a busy supermarket. She deals with problems when the self-service checkout experiences a problem (no price on product, machine problems, etc.). She monitors these checkouts and usually has hardly dealt with one complaint before another is created.When I first talked to Pamel
45、a, I had called her to the checkout I was using. There wasnt any problem with the checkout though. My problem or should I say concern was about Pamela. She looked tired and was under a lot of stress as she quickly moved from one checkout to the next. Its a bit of a fire-fighting job.I told Pamela that she needed to sl
