1、国家开放大学电大高级英语阅读(1)网络课形考网考作业及答案100%通过考试说明：2020年秋期电大把该网络课纳入到“国开平台”进行考核，该课程共有2个形考任务，针对该门课程，本人汇总了该科所有的题，形成一个完整的标准题库，并且以后会不断更新，对考生的复习、作业和考试起着非常重要的作用，会给您节省大量的时间。做考题时，利用本文档中的查找工具，把考题中的关键字输到查找工具的查找内容框内，就可迅速查找到该题答案。本文库还有其他网核及教学考一体化答案，敬请查看。课程成绩按百分制计分，各章exercise测验占70%，计分学习活动占20，网上学习表现占10%。三项成绩都有且总分达到60分及以上，方可获得
2、课程学分。形考任务一（70分）Chapter 1 Exercise（分值7分）题目1I. Vocabulary skills（3 points）Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word on the right with the correct definition on the left. (0.5 points each)1.the bus or subway2.proof of completion of courses of students3.money for students from scholarships,
3、grants, or loans4.formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study5.courses by video, video conferencing, or computers to students in different places6.the points or grade a student gets on a test答案：II. Reading Comprehension (4 points)Read the passages, then answer the questions that f
4、ollow. (1 point each )Experiencing Culture ShockA When Eliza James arrived at the University of Xian, she was excited to live in a new country, to improve her Chinese, and to experience a culture so different from her own. But soon her excitement turned to frustration as she encountered one roadbloc
5、k after another. I felt like I couldnt accomplish anything. My dorm room had no heat, I couldnt get into the classes I wanted, and every time I asked someone for help they gave me the runaround. I felt like no one was listening to me. Eliza met with administrators, sent letters of complaint, and eve
6、n contacted the consulate in Beijing, but she got nowhere. What Eliza didnt realize was that her American approach to solving problems was very different from the Chinese one in which patience and negotiation skills are key. She soon learned how to solve problems within the cultural norms of Chinese
7、 society instead of forcing her own values onto those around her. I finally feel like I fit in and that I know what Im doing. In fact, its really fun being in a place thats so incredibly different from what I am accustomed to.B Yoshi Yamamoto is a junior at a small college outside of Boston. Althoug
8、h he is an honors student now, Yoshi didnt always have such an easy time studying in America. Teaching methods are very different here than they are in Japan. It took me a long time to get used to learning in seminars and discussing ideas with my classmates. At first it seemed like I wasnt actually
9、learning anything. Yoshis reaction was to totally withdraw: he didnt participate in class discussion; he spent lots of time alone in his room, and he even skipped class on occasion. I thought I could teach myself. Now I recognize the value of the U.S. academic system, and I am able to adapt it to my
10、 own learning style.C Both Eliza and Yoshi experienced what is called culture shock: psychological disorientation due to living in a new culture. For many international students, studying abroad can offer exposure to new cultures and an opportunity to study new fields and languages. However, it also
11、 offers the greater challenge of trying to function in a foreign culture. Studying and reading about a certain culture is poor preparation for the reality of living in it. According to psychological studies, the four stages of culture shock are 1. euphoria, 2. hostility, 3. gradual adjustment, and 4
12、. adaptation. Culture shock can be manifested in many ways: homesickness, boredom, stereotyping of or hostility towards the host culture, overeating or overdrinking, withdrawal, and inability to work effectively.D Different people experience different levels of culture shock and react in different w
13、ays. For example, Eliza got angry while Yoshi withdrew from society. The most important thing to remember is that culture shock is normal; it is not something to be ashamed of. Luckily, there are some things international students can do to make their adjustment to a new country go more smoothly. Fo
14、r instance, they can stay in touch with family and friends from home, join international student organizations, meet people from their own countries, and get involved in campus activities. Most importantly, they can adjust to life abroad by keeping a sense of humor and trying to remain positive.Reco
15、gnizing Paragraph Topics（choose the paragraph letter）题目27. an explanation of culture shock选择一项：A. AB. BC. CD. D 题目38. ways that students can adjust to living in a new country选择一项：A. AB. BC. C D. D题目49. the experience of an international student in the United States选择一项：A. AB. B C. CD. D题目510. the ex
16、perience of an international student in China选择一项：A. A B. BC. CD. DChapter 2 Exercise（分值7分）题目1I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）Sometimes examples can explain the meaning of a word or phrase. For example, sun, rain, and wind are examples of kinds of weather. Look at the columns below. Match each vocabul
17、ary word or phrase in the first column with the examples in the second column. (0.4 points each)1.kinds of extreme weather2.Earths natural materials and gases3. diseases or health disorders4. seasons of the year5. natural areas or regions of the earth答案：II. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Complete t
18、he following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B or C. (1 point each)Seasonal Affective Disorder: More than Just the BluesA Joshua dreads the winter months, not only because of the cold New England weather-the sleet, snow, wind, and rain-but because as the seasons change from summe
19、r to fall to winter, the days get shorter. As the days get shorter, he starts feeling depressed and irritable and spends more and more time at home, eating and sleeping. A graduate student in philosophy, Joshua finds that he gets little work done during the winter months and has trouble paying atten
20、tion in class and concentrating on his research. I soon realized that what I thought was just the winter blues was something more extreme than that. Josh visited a doctor who diagnosed him with SAD.B Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a kind of depression that occurs seasonally. It is associate
21、d with the long hours of darkness and lack of sunlight during the winter months (people with SAD usually feel worse from December through February). Scientists dont completely understand the exact causes of SAD, but they believe it is related to a biochemical imbalance in the hypothalamus. The hypot
22、halamus is the basic part of the brain that controls the bodys breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release. The effects of SAD include moodiness, irritability, low energy, increased appetite for carbohydrates (foods such as potatoes, rice, and bread), difficulty concentrating, and the tend
23、ency to oversleep.C Although doctors described SAD for the first time in 1984, humans have probably dealt with the disorder for thousands of years. It is not a coincidence that many cultures have important celebrations during the short days of the winter months. Christmas, Hanukkah, and Winter Solst
24、ice celebrations all occur in December. These celebrations involve lighting candles in order to bring light, warmth, and happiness to an otherwise depressing time of year.D So what can SAD sufferers do to feel better? Naturally, they need more light. For people who have mild cases of SAD, exercising
25、 in the morning sun could be enough to help them. Phototherapy, or light therapy, is usually prescribed for people who have more serious cases of the disorder. In light therapy, patients sit in front of a light box, a strong artificial light, for up to four hours a day. Phototherapy is effective in
26、over 80% of SAD cases, and patients usually see results within three to four days. Although the symptoms of SAD are similar to those of clinical depression, traditional antidepressants have not proven useful in treating SAD. While psychological counseling cannot treat the symptoms of SAD, it is reco
27、mmended to help SAD sufferers learn to accept and deal with their illness.题目26. Joshua starts feeling depressed and irritable in the winter because 选择一项：A. he gets little work doneB. he suffers from Seasonal Affective Disorder C. he is a graduate student in philosophy题目37. Seasonal Affective Disorde
28、r, or SAD, is a condition that researchers believe affects people during the winter months. Scientists believe it is caused by 选择一项：A. breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone releaseB. moodiness, irritability, loss of energy, increased appetite, difficulty concentrating, and sleepinessC. lack
29、of sunlight and a biochemical imbalance in the brain 题目48. Humans have probably struggled with SAD since 选择一项：A. ancient timesB. DecemberC. 1984 题目59. People who suffer from SAD can to feel better.选择一项：A. do light therapy B. take antidepressant drugsC. eat carbohydrates题目610. This passage talks abou
30、t_.选择一项：A. what the SAD effects areB. Both A and B. C. how to help SAD suffersChapter 3 Exercise（分值7分）I. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each )Fast food can be good foodMany people are too busy to prepare and eat three nutritious mea
31、ls a day.so they turn to the convenience of fast-food restaurants. Many of the items at fast-food restaurants, snack bars, and food stands are fattening and not very nutritious.But fast food doesnt have to be unhealthy.you can eat at fast-food restaurants and still eat well.Pay Attention to Calories
32、 and Fat ContentBy paying attention to the number of calories and fat that a food item has ,you can make smarter choices.Calories are “units for measuring how much energy a food will produce”.condsider two fast-food meals. A quarter-pound hamburger with cheese, jumbo-size fries,and a 16-ounce soda h
33、ave a total of 1,535 calories and 76 grams of fat .a broiled (cooked under direct heat or over a flame )chicken sandwich ,a side salad with low-fat dressing,and a glass of water at the same fast-food restaurant have only 422 calories and 7 grams of fat .but maybe you really want a hamburger and frie
34、s .well,you can have a small hamburger,a small serving of fries,and a glass of water.At a total of 490 calories and 20 grams of fat,thats still a much smarter choice than the large burger ,fries,and 20 grams of fat ,thats still a much smarter choice than the large burger,fries,and sada.Theres More T
35、hat You Can DoThere are a few additional things you can do to make sure you eat well in fast food restaurantS.First of all,say “no” when the cashier asks you if you want to “supersize” you meal (order an extra large portion of each item).Second, ask for no mayonnaise or sauce,or ask for it on the si
36、de (in a separate dish).Third,substitute(use something instead of something else)healthy foods for fatty ones. For example,instead of ordering deep-fried tempura,order fresh vegetables.Instead of ordering a beef burrito with lots of cheese and sour cream,order a vegetable burrito with beans and rice
37、.and dont eat the chips!Another thing you can do is order a side salad or a vegetable soup and eat it first.That way,you will eat some vegetables,and you wont be able to eat as much of your burger and fries.Fnally,eat slowly and stop eating when youre full. It sounds simple,but many people keep eati
38、ng even after they become full.题目11.What is the main idea of this article ?_选择一项：A. Its smart to eat foods with low calories and fat content.B. Fast food is always bad for you .C. You can eat well in fast-food restaurant D. Fast-food restaurants are the best the place to find healthy foods .题目22.A s
39、mall hamburger and small firies has _选择一项：A. more calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad. B. the same amount of calories and fat as a chicken sandwich and a salad.C. fewer calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad.D. the same amount of calories and fat as a large portion of
40、fries.题目33.Some things you can do to eat well in fast-food restaurants are_选择一项：A. ask for eatra manyonnaise and sauce and say no to “surpersizing” . B. order a vegetable burrito instead of chips and eat sour cream .C. order smaller portions and eat all the food you order.D. order healthy foods inst
41、ead of fatty ones and drink water.题目44.Manyonnaise and sauces probably_选择一项：A. make you eat less because they make you feel full sooner. B. make you eat more because they make your food taste better.C. have a lot of fat and calories.D. dont have a lot of fat and calories. 题目55. By eating a salad or
42、soup before the rest of your meal,_选择一项：A. you eat less of the rest of your meal.B. you eat more slowly.C. you get full sooner. D. you eat the rest of your meal more quickly.II. Vocabulary skills（2 points）Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. (0.4 points each)题目6c
43、hanges damaging losing global availableThe growing similarities in diet and eating habits around the world are influencing people of various cultures in different ways. For example, Western foods are 6 damaging health in the industrialized island country of Japan. Instead of small meals of seafood,
44、rice, and vegetables, the typical Japanese diet now includes large amounts of meat, dairy products, and desserts like tiramisu, a rich Italian dish full of chocolate, cheese, and sugar. According to Japanese health researchers, such 7 changes in eating habits are related to a great increase in healt
45、h problems such as heart disease, strokes, cancer, and diabetes. On the other hand, the changing 8 global diet is having the opposite effect on the people in the CzechRepublic. The government of this European nation no longer supports meat and dairy products financially, so the cost of these foods i
46、s going up. In contrast, fresh fruits and vegetables are becoming more widely 9 available from private markets and stands. Cooks are even serving salads to schoolchildren, and families are eating healthier home-cooked meals. For these reasons, fewer Czech men are having heart attacks, the women are
47、10 losing a lot of weight, and most people are living healthier lives.Chapter 4 Exercise（分值7分I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）题目1Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (0.4 points each)1.make sense2.pedestrians3.vehicle4.teenager5.fine答案：II. Reading Comprehensi
48、on (5 points)Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each)These days, its getting easier and easier to find your way around. Some people have GPS devices in their cars to make sure they dont get lost. GPS stands for Global Positioning System. These devices use satellites in space to “see” where you are and give you directions to where you want to go. And if you dont have a GPS device, you can
