1、小学英语讲义 名词所有格一、名词所有格名词所有格的构成： 名词所有格表示这一名词与他人、他物的所属关系，相当于中文“的”。例如：Xiao Zhangs sister小张的姐姐名词所有格有以下表达方式：名词词尾加s的所有格1. 一般情况在名词后加s例如：That girls coat is in the room. 那个女孩的衣服在房间里。2. 在以s结尾的名词（包括以s结尾的复数名词）后面，只加 。 如果复数名词不是以s结尾的，末尾也要加s。例如：Today is September 10th, Teachers Day. 今天是九月十日，教师节。Childrens Day is coming
2、, I should buy something new for my son. 儿童节马上就要到了，我应该为我的儿子买一些新东西。3. 表示词组内的并列名词各自的所有关系时，须在各个名词后加s；如果一个东西为两个人或者两个以上的人共同拥有，只在最后一个名词后面加s。例如：They are Johns and Kates rooms. How beautiful they are! 这是约翰和凯特的房间。它们（指房间）太漂亮了！He is Lily and Lucys father. 他是莉莉和露西的爸爸。4. 表示某人的家、店铺等的所有格，一般可以省略它后面所修饰的名词。例如：My fath
3、er and I will have dinner at the Johnsons （home ）。 我爸爸和我将要去约翰逊的家吃晚饭。We will have our hair cut at the barbers（shop） tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我们要去理发店理发。5. 有些指时间、距离、国家、城镇等的名词，也可以加s构成所有格。例如：There is something important in todays newspaper. 今天的报纸上有一些重要的东西。Its about ten minutes walk from school to our home
4、 every day. 每天从学校到我们家步行大约需要十分钟。6. 英语名词所有格修饰的词，如果前面已经提到过，后面则可以省略，以防止重复。例如：This is not Dicks dictionary, but is Toms. 这不是迪克的字典，但是是汤姆的。例题分析1. March 8th is _ Day.A. Womans B. Womens C. Womans答案：B思路分析：不以s结尾的名词的复数形式的名词所有格，仍要加“s”。2.Whats that ?Its a _ home.A. bird B. birds C. birds答案：C思路分析：表示有生命的东西的名词所有格通常
5、是在名词后加“s”。3. The desk is _.A. Kate B. Kates and Lucys C. Kate and Lucys答案：C思路分析：如果一样东西同时归两个或多个名词所有，只在最后一个名词词尾处加“s”（二） 由of短语构成的所有格1. 表示无生命的名词一般与of构成短语，表示所有关系。如There is a river on the other side of the road. 在公路的另一边有一条河。2. 有时我们用名词 + of +名词所有格构成双重所有格的形式。例如：This is a photo of Mr Browns. 这是一张布朗先生的照片。名词所有
6、格用法口诀英语名词所有格，表示物品所有权。名词后加 s，这种情况最常见。两者共有添最后，各有各添记心间。复数名词有s, 后面只把 来添。名词若为无生命，我们常把of用。A of B是B的A，体现英汉序不同。相应练习一、写出下列名词的所有格。1、John Mike the dog the sheep my sister my uncle the farmerJohns_二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.The girl under the tree is a friend of_. (Lucy)2.Theyre_(Mary) friends.3.Sue is one of my _(friend)
7、.4.These _(postman) coats are green and big.5.Whats his_(sister) name?6.This is Chinese _ (teacher) office.三、选择题。( ) 1. Room 110 on the second floor is the _ office. I know some of them.A. doctors B. doctors C. doctors D. doctorss( ) 2. The room is _. They are brothers.A. Tom and Mikes B. Tomsand Mi
8、kesC. Toms and Mike D. Tom and Mike( ) 3. Excuse me, where is the_?A. mens room B. mens room C. mens rooms D. men rooms( ) 4. On the wall there is a_A.Chinas map B.map of ChinaC.China map D.Chinese map( ) 5. This is _ friend.A. Mays brother B. Mays brothers C. Mays brother of( ) 6. Those are _ house
9、s.A.Mr. Smith and Mr. Zhangs B.Mr. Smiths and Mr. ZhangsC.Mr. Smiths and Mr. Zhangs D.Mr. Smiths and Mr. Zhangs( ) 7. It is _ between the two cities.A. three hours drive B.three hours driveC.three hours drivers D.three hours drive( ) 8. The post card is sent by _.A. a friend of my father B. a friend
10、 of my fathersC. my father friend D. my father friends课后练习一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.The watch is our_. (teacher)2.Those boys are my good _（friend）.3.Whats his_ (sister) names ?4._(Mark) bicycle is new. He likes riding it.5._(who) computer is this? Its _ (Linda).6._(who) footballs are these?They are_(Tim and J
11、ohn).7._(Tim and John) bedroom is very big and clean.8.Are these _ (Jim) black shoes?9.The _ (waitress) coats are very nice.10.These _ (girl) kites are flying very high.二、选择题。( ) 1. Its a picture of _ family.A. Bob B. Bobs C. Bobs D. Bobs( ) 2 .Lets meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of_?A. the Peoples
12、Park B. the Peoples ParkC. the People Park D. Peoples Park( ) 3 .This is my_dictionary.A. sister Mary B. sisters C. sister, Marys D. sisters Marys( ) 4. He went to _ shop to buy a shirt.A. a tailor B. the tailor C. a tailors D. the tailors( ) 5 .Its about _ walk from my house.A. ten minute B. ten mi
13、nutesC. ten minutes D. ten minutes( ) 6 .This is a book of _.A. Tom B. Toms C. her D. him( ) 7. Will you show me _?A.a Beijings map B.map of BeijingsC. a map of Beijing D. a map in Beijing( ) 8. Before going to the museum, the students gathered at _.A. the schools gate B. the gate for the school C.
14、the gate of the school( ) 9. I have to see _.A. that friend of Toms B. this friend of Tom C. a friend of Tom( ) 10. _ is on the second floor.A.The teachers office B.The teachers officeC. The teacher office D. The teacher offices二、单数句变复数句单数句变复数句歌谣：单数句变复数句,代词四变要记住。人称,指示,反身变物主代词看一看。连系动词am is变成are。冠词a a
15、n要去掉，改为some,any也可以。名词做定语，介宾不要变；有man和woman也例外。句式不要变，十全十美题做完。1、人称代词由单数变复数：主格 I we you you he/she/it they宾格 me us you you him/her/it them例1 She is a girl . They are girls .例2 I like her. We like them.2、指示代词由单数变复数：单数 this that复数 these those例1 This is a book . These are（some）books .例2 Is that a pen？ Are
16、those（any）pens？3、物主代词由单数变复数：1、名词性物主代词：mine ours，yours yours，his/hers/its theirs2、形容词性物主代词：my our，your your，his/her/its their例1 The book is mine. The books are ours.例2 This is her pen. These are their pens.4、一般情况下，形容词性物主代词在单数句变复数句时不变。例1 This is my book . These are my books .5、当句中形容词性物主代词与句中的主语一致时，形容词
17、性物主代词应随主语人称的变化而变化，仍要保持一致。例1 He likes his bike. They like their bikes.6、连系动词由单数变复数：is/am are例1 I am a teacher. We are（some）eachers.7、a/an表示一个，只能用在单数名词前，当单数句变复数句时，一定要把a/an去掉，或改为some/any。例1 This is a book . These are（some）books .例2 Is that a pen？ Are those（any）pens？8、当名词作定语或在介词短语中作介词宾语充当除宾语以外的其它成分时，该名词
18、不变。例1 He is a boy student .They are（some）boy students.（man和woman）除外。例2 She is a woman worker.They are（some）women workers.9、单数句变为复数句时，句式不能改变，即单数句是疑问句时，变为复数句时，仍然是疑问句。例1 Whats this？ What are these？例2 She likes his bike. They like their bikes.把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单：变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数，但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变
19、。 把下列句子变成复数 Eg:1, I have a car. we have cars.2, He is an American boy. They are American boys.3, It is a car They are cars.4, This is an eraser These are erasers.5, That is a backpsck Those are backpacks.6,Im an English teather We are English teathers.7,Its a new shirt They are new shirts.8,Hes a bo
20、y They are boys.9,Shes a singer They are singers.10,Whats this in English? What are these in English?相应练习一、将下列单数句变为复数句。1、This is a book .2、Is that a pen？3、 She is a girl .课后练习1、 I like her.2、The book is mine.3、 This is her pen.4、 I am a teacher.5、 He is a boy student .6、 She is a woman worker.7、 He likes his bike.8
