1、2019-2020学年度新人教版学年度新人教版必修一必修一Unit 4Natural Disasters Text United Nations International Strategy for Disaster ReductionLive to Tell:Raising Awareness,Reducing Mortality.教学目标与要求 核心素养 语言能力：自然灾害 词汇：disaster,drought,slide,flood,rescue,damage,destroy 语法：复习that,which,who引导的定语从句；学习whose引导的定语从句；能够运用关系代词引导的定语
2、从句描述事物的具体信息。学习能力：掌握阅读中根据上下文猜测词义，能够运用构词法推测词义。文化意识：了解国内外发生过的重大自然灾害，树立防灾保护意识。思维品质：实践中运用所学知识应对与灾害有关的困难，增强解决问题的能力。Listening and SpeakingPronunciation 辅音字母的发音辅音字母的发音pipe brick tend death keen glory fond view think they campus amazeflash garage French bridge truly draw events friends Consonants Pronunciati
3、on -ed 的发音的发音/t/helped laughed embarrassed shocked watched wished/d/begged breathed described confused exchanged learned reserved viewed /id/concentrated debated depended pretended Reading and ThinkingLanguage Point 1,It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!as if是一个连词结构，用来引导从句，翻译为是一个连词结构，用来引
4、导从句，翻译为“好像；似乎；好像；似乎；仿佛仿佛”。从句根据。从句根据说话人所陈述内容的真实性或可能性说话人所陈述内容的真实性或可能性，可用陈述语，可用陈述语气或气或虚拟语气虚拟语气。The pot is smoking.It looks as if the food is overcooked.He talks as if he were the boss.注意：注意：as if=as though 好像好像Exercises.一一.as if 从句用陈述语气：从句用陈述语气：这里说的从句用陈述语气这里说的从句用陈述语气,是相对于虚拟语气而言的。即所表达的句子是是相对于虚拟语气而言的。即所表
5、达的句子是真实的真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。设想语境：你现在屋里看不到外面的情况设想语境：你现在屋里看不到外面的情况,却听到了雨滴声，表达如下却听到了雨滴声，表达如下:It sounds as if it is raining 例句：例句：It looks as if it is going to rain.He talks as if he is drunk.He looked as if he was ill.Exercises.二二.as if 从句用虚拟语气，从句用虚拟语气，当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情当说话人认为句子所
6、述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：（1）从句表示与）从句表示与现在现在事实相反，谓语动词用事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时一般过去时。（2）从句表示与）从句表示与过去过去事实相反，谓语动词用事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词过去分词”。（3）从句表示与）从句表示与将来将来事实相反，谓语动词用事实相反，谓语动词用“wouldcouldmight动词原形动词原形”。例句：例句：1，You look as if you didnt care.He left the room as if he was angry.2，S
7、he talked about the Great Wall as if she had been there before.3，It looks as if it might rain.Language Point 2,It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!come to an end 意为意为“结束结束”，与，与the world搭配，表示搭配，表示“世界末日来临世界末日来临”。此外，。此外，come to 还表示还表示“达成；得到达成；得到”。come to a decision 做出决定做出决定come to a conclus
8、ion 得出结论得出结论come to an agreement 达成一致达成一致 come to 总计；苏醒；继承；达成；总计；苏醒；继承；达成；来到（某地）来到（某地）；谈及谈及，涉及，涉及They finally come to an agreement after a long discussion.When it comes to speaking,no one can match him.When it comes to photography,Im not an adept.When you come to the end of the street,youll find a r
9、estaurant.When it comes to 意为意为“”。Language Point3,Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!One third 表示表示“三分之一三分之一”。英语中分数词由基数词英语中分数词由基数词+序数词序数词 构成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子构成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于一时，分母用复数。大于一时，分母用复数。如：如：1/8 one eighth 2/3 two/thirds 3/4 three fourths 2 5/6 two and five sixths If an apple
10、is cut into six equal slices,each slice is called on sixth.If you eat two slices,you eat two sixths on one third.Language Point4,Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.这是一个隐喻（这是一个隐喻（metaphor）的修辞手法，将泥石流比喻成河流。）的修辞手法，将泥石流比喻成河流。在使用隐喻来进行描述的时候，通常把被描写的事物比喻成与之相在使用隐喻来进行描述的时候，通常把被描写的事物比喻成与之相似的事物，但不在句子中使用似的事
11、物，但不在句子中使用like，as等表示等表示“像像”的词语。的词语。I was moved by her sunny smile.He has a heart of stone.Language Point明喻（明喻（simile）的修辞手法不同于隐喻，它是直接在句子中使用）的修辞手法不同于隐喻，它是直接在句子中使用like，as，asas等表示等表示“像像”的词语来明确的比喻和描述。的词语来明确的比喻和描述。基本格式是基本格式是 A is like B 或者或者 A is asas B.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.My
12、heart is like a singing bird.He is as strong as a horse.(健壮如牛）健壮如牛）as true as a steel(绝对可靠）绝对可靠）The pen is to a writer what the gun is to a soldier.Language Point5,Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.Everywhere 在句中用作连词，引导状语从句。意为在句中用作连词，引导状语从句。意为“无论哪儿无论哪儿”。Everywhere we go,we hear
13、 people predicting the election results.Everywhere they appeared,they were welcomed with applause and flowers.Language Point6，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.the dead 意为意为“死者；逝者死者；逝者”。“the+形容词转化而来的名词形容词转化而来的名词”表示具有该形容词意义特征或状态的表示具有该形容词
14、意义特征或状态的“人人”或或“物物”，为集合概念。，为集合概念。这类名词没有复数词尾，但通常当作复数用。这类名词没有复数词尾，但通常当作复数用。The old sometimes help the young to enrich their social experiences.Life can be difficult for the disabled.Language Point7,all of its hospitals were gone.gone 是是go 的过去分词形式，在句中作表语，表示的过去分词形式，在句中作表语，表示“消失不见消失不见”。这种过。这种过去分词可以跟在系动词（去
15、分词可以跟在系动词（be，appear，feel，remain，look等）之后，等）之后，构成系表结构，表示构成系表结构，表示主语的状态主语的状态。The door is locked.He seemed shocked.She looked puzzled.Language Point8，Slowly，the city began to breathe again.这句话运用了拟人（这句话运用了拟人（personification）的修辞手法，把事物人格化，）的修辞手法，把事物人格化，将事物变成和人一样，会作出动作或拥有感情。将事物变成和人一样，会作出动作或拥有感情。The wind wh
16、ispered through dry grass.The wild fire swallowed the entire forest.Reading for Writing语法知识难点语法知识难点Language Point 1,In Sri Lanka,some 1,600 kilometers west of the quake centre,the number of deaths stood at 2498stand at sth.表示表示“达到特定水平（或数量，高度等）达到特定水平（或数量，高度等）”。It is said that the highest death toll c
17、aused by lightning strike stands at 91,when a plane was struck and crashed into the Amazon rainforest in 1971.Language Point见课本见课本P92Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city.星期三的晚上，城市的中心被毁了。星期三的晚上，城市的中心被毁了。用表示时间或地点的名词做主语，和用表示时间或地点的名词做主语，和see构成主谓结构，表示构成主谓结构，表示“（人们在）这段时（人们在）这段
18、时间经历了（某事）。间经历了（某事）。This year has seen a big increase in population.witness 也有此用法，表示也有此用法，表示“见证；经历见证；经历”。The 1980s witnessed increasing unemployment throughout Europe.Language PointP92Never in all of San Fransiscos history were her people so kind as on this night of terror.Never before in history has
19、 a city been so completely destroyed.英文中表示英文中表示否定的副词否定的副词位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。该类副词还包括：该类副词还包括：seldom，little，not until,By no means,under no circumstances,not only(but also),hardly/scarcely(when),no sooner(than)等。等。Language Point英文中表示否定的副词位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。英文中表示否定的副词位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。该类副词还包括：该类副词还包
20、括：seldom，little，not until,By no means,under no circumstances,not only(but also),hardly/scarcely(when),no sooner(than)等。等。Not until yesterday did he change his mind.By no means will this method work.Under no circumstance will we do harm to him.1，Memorize the new words.(15 words per day).2，Recite a beautiful sentence per day.3，Do some exercises.HomeworkThanks for Listening!
