1、【英语】中考英语易错题专题三短语动词(含解析)及解析一、短语动词1Could we the arriving time for school to 8:00 am, Mr. Li? You mean 7:30 is a little earlier? Lets discuss it with the headmaster.A.find outB.give upC.put offD.cut out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：李先生，我们可以将到校时间推迟到早上八点吗？你意思是7点半早了一点吗？那么我们和校长一起商量一下吧。A.弄明白；B.放弃；C.推迟；D.切断。由于觉得7点半有的早，所
2、以将时间推迟到8点，故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意find out，give up，put off和cut out的词义和用法。2-Talking loudly in a library is impolite. -In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public.（找出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项）A.look afterB.be carefulC.take care ofD.look up【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：在图书馆大声喧哗是不礼貌的。实际上，我们应该当心，不要在公
3、共场所咳嗽或者打喷嚏。take care当心，小心。look after照顾；be careful小心；take care of照顾；look up查找。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。3If you want to know more about space, please _ the book A Brief History of Time. A.look throughB.look aroundC.look afterD.look down upon【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想多了解太空，请浏览时间简史这本书。look through浏览；look around环顾四周；
4、look after照顾；look down upon瞧不起。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。4Nowadays more and more people _ food safety.A.pay attention toB.look afterC.take it easyD.look out【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：现在，越来越多的人注意食品安全。pay attention to注意；look after照顾；take it easy别着急；look out当心。故选A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。5 I would rather
5、_ hiking than _ swimming. A.to go , to goB.going, goingC.go ,goD.go, going【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would rather do sth. than do sth.，宁愿做也不愿做，两部分中都用动词的原形。故选C。【点评】考查动词。6 Do you think my classmates will laugh at me? Maybe. But I think you are right.A.go out withB.make friends withC.make
6、 jokes about【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：你觉得我的同学们在嘲笑我吗？也许是，但是我觉得你是对的。laugh at嘲笑；go out with和出去；与约会；make friends with与交朋友；make jokes about开的玩笑。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。7If he keeps on working so hard, hell under the pressure of work. A.break downB.break awayC.break outD.break into【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：如果他继续这么努力工作，他会在工作的压力下垮
7、掉的。break down出故障，抛锚；（健康）垮掉。break away脱离；break out爆发；break into闯入。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句子，根据句意判断。8一 Bob isnt at home. Then where is he?一 Sorry I have no idea where hes gone.A.dont knowB.rememberC.dont care【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：Bob不在家，那么他在哪儿呢？对不起，我不知道他去哪儿了。have no idea不知道。故选A。【点评】考查动词短语。9Scienti
8、sts are trying to _ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.A.come up withB.look forward toC.talk aboutD.give up【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：科学家正努力想出办法治疗叫H7N9的可怕疾病。come up with想出；提出；look forward to盼望；talk about谈论；give up放弃。根据句意可知选A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。10The boats take different routes, but they all_ in the sam
9、e place. A.give upB.clear upC.end upD.make up【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:这些船走不同的路线，但是他们的终点都在同一个地方。give up放弃；clear up清理干净；end up结束；make up 编造，弥补。根据句意可知，船走的路线不同，但是都在同一个地方结束，即都去同一个地方。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语。11Do you know who _ my umbrella? I cant find it.Sorry. I went out just now. A.took awayB.took upC.took offD.took out
10、【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：-你知道谁拿走了我的雨伞吗？我找不到了。-对不去，我刚才出去了。take away拿走；take up拿起；从事；take off脱掉；起飞；take out取出。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记take构成的短语，根据句意判断答案。12- Look! Smiths are playing basketball.- Lets them.A.The; join inB.The; joinC.A; join inD.A; join【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：看！史密斯一家正在打乒乓球。让我们和他们一起打篮球吧。 “the+姓氏名词的复数
11、”表示“一家”或“夫妇”, Smiths史密斯姓氏复数，故前用the；而join sb.和某人在一起，join them和他们一起打球故选B。【点评】定冠词（the）;动词词义辨析。13Its six oclockIts time to get upPlease A.wake up himB.wake him upC.heat up himD.heat him up【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：6点了，该起床了，请把他叫醒。wake up叫醒；heat up加热。“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语是，注意代词放在动词后副词前，故选B。【点评】考查动词短语14 Mary, how
12、 can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week? Youd better take a train. the suitable trains in the timetable.A.Set upB.Look upC.Take upD.Put up【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：玛丽，下个星期我怎样才能从武汉到达咸宁？你最好坐火车去。在时间表中查找合适的列车。A. Set up建立；B. Look up查找；C. Take up从事；D. Put up张贴，举起。这里是表示查找，故答案为B。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解句意并掌握词组的意义和用法。15
13、He never _learning English .That was why he was successful at last.A.gave inB.gave outC.gave upD.gave away【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：他从不放弃学英语，那就是他最后成功的原因。give in 屈服，让步；give out发出（光，热等）；分发；give up放弃；give away泄露（秘密等），故选C。【点评】考查短语辨析。16Its very hot. But I think its impolite to _ your clothes in public. A.set off
14、B.turn offC.take offD.get off【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：天气虽然很热。但我认为当众脱衣服是不礼貌的。A. set off 动身；B. turn off 关上；C. take off 脱掉；D. get off 下车。根据 its impolite to 可知是脱衣服，故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据 its impolite to的语境选择合适的用法。17I can find the meaning of new words by _ in a dictionary. A.look them upB.look up themC.looking
15、them upD.looking up them【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：通过查词典，我可以查到新词的意思。介词by后跟动词时用doing，代词作动词短语的宾语时放在两词之间，故选C。【点评】此题考查动词短语和代词用法。注意代词作宾语时的位置。18When are you going to for Shanghai? Tomorrow morning.A.get offB.turn offC.take offD.set off【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：你打算什么时候动身去上海？明天早上。get off下车；turn off关掉；take off脱下；set off出发；动身
16、。故选D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。19The 2022 Winter Olympics will _ in Beijing, setting up the Chinese capital to become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games.A.take upB.take placeC.take partD.take on【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：2022年的冬季奥林匹克运动会将会在北京举行，设立中国的首都变成第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。A. take up占据；从事；B. take pla
17、ce举行；C. take part参加；D. take on承担。结合语境，故选B。20The house is dangerous to live in. It should be A.looked upB.left outC.thrown awayD.pulled down【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：住在这房子里很危险。应该把它拆掉。A. looked up查阅；B. left out遗漏，忽略；C. thrown away扔掉；D. pulled down推倒。危房应该推倒重建，故答案为D。21May Day is on the way. Many shops have huge
18、 posters with the word “SALE”. A.put onB.put upC.put awayD.put off【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：五一节就要到了，许多商店都贴上了写着促销巨幅海报。A. put on穿上；B. put up张贴；C. put away放好；D. put off推迟。结合句意和语境可知，应该是张贴。故答案为B。【点评】考查短语动词。熟练掌握短语的意义和用法。22 Did you have fun camping on that hill? Actually not. Its not easy to find a suitable place
19、to _ our tents.A.give upB.put upC.turn upD.stay up【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：你在山上野营玩得开心吗？ 实际上不是。找一个合适的地方搭帐篷是不容易的。A. give up放弃；B. put up张贴; 举起，建造；C. turn up出现; 翻起; 开大；D. stay up熬夜。搭帐篷用put up tents表示。结合句意，故答案为B。【点评】考查短语动词。掌握短语的意义和用法。23Many scientists have _ that we will face more serious environmental problems
20、 if we cant come up with solutions to deal with pollution. A.looked outB.called outC.pointed out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：许多科学家指出，如果我们不能想出解决污染的办法，我们将面临更严重的环境问题。A.looked out小心，当心；B.called out 唤起，出动；C.pointed out指出。根据句意可知，这件事是由科学家们指出来的，故答案为C。【点评】考查短语动词。理解句意并掌握短语的意义和用法。24According to my brother, fishing is an
21、excellent hobby to_. A.pick upB.take upC.put upD.turn up【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：根据我哥哥的说法，钓鱼是可以从事的一种非常优秀的爱好。A.pick up捡起；B.take up从事；C.put up张贴；D.turn up出现。根据take up a hobby从事一种爱好，故答案为B。【点评】考查短语动词。牢记动词短语。25The government will focus on solving the problem of heavy burdens on the students.Thats good news for
22、us. We have too much work to do after school.A.give a hand toB.give attention toC.take part in【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：政府会集中精力解决学生们的重负问题。那对我们来说是一个好主意。我们放学后不得不做太多的作业。根据语境可知focus on：把焦点放在，也就是注意，关注，give attention to, give a hand to: 帮助，take part in: 参加，故选B。【点评】考查短语动词。根据语境选出和划线词意思相近的短语，确保句子通顺。26 When did you t
23、ake up Japanese as a second foreign language? When I was 6 years oldA.start to learnB.refuse to learnC.give up learning【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：你什么时候把日语作为第二外语学习得？当我六岁的时候。take up表示开始学习.A、开始学习，B、拒绝学习，C、放弃学习，故选A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，首先熟知题意，其次熟知选项每一个动词词组的含义，最后对比题目划线部分含义和选项含义。27 There is an exam next week. What should
24、I do? I think that if you _ your study schedule for a week, you will pass itA.agree withB.stick withC.give up【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：下周有考试，我该怎么办？我认为只要你坚持你的学习日程表一周，你就能通过考试。A、agree with同意，B、stick with坚持，C、give up放弃，根据题意可知，学生比较害怕考试，因此需要有一个好的学习规划，故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据语境对选项逐一进行筛选，填入符合语境的单词。28To make the story
25、shorter, Mr. Trent advised me to _ the parts that are not interesting. A.find outB.try outC.cut outD.give out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：为了使得这个故事更短，Trent先生建议我删掉那些没有意思的东西。A.find out找出；B.try out尝试；C.cut out剪掉；D.give out捐赠。根据本句话提到make the story shorter和not interesting，可知空缺处应该是删掉，cut out，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语辨析，注意cut ou
26、t，剪掉。29Kelly doesnt _ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly has a square face. A.look afterB.think aboutC.take afterD.worry about【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：Kelly一点都不嫌你个她的母亲，她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly有一个方的脸。A.look after照顾，B.think about考虑，C.take after长得像，D.worry about担心。根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不像，可知空缺处填入长起来像，tak
27、e after，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语动词，注意take after的用法。30How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_. A.ran offB.went offC.took offD.set off【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞；D. set off出发，动身。根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞
