1、【英语】中考英语语法填空知识点题型经典1一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析)1He was _ (mention) in the letter. 【答案】 mentioned 【解析】【分析】句意:他在这封信里被提到了。mention是及物动词,根据句子机构可知是被动语态,be已经给出,行为动词使用过去分词mentioned,故答案是mentioned。 【点评】考查一般过去时,注意动词过去式的变化规则。2阅读下面短文,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Strangely enough, some inventions are lost _people cant im
2、agine their _(valuable). A use may need to be invented along with the invention. An example is the fax machine. The technology for faxing _(invent) in the 1800s. It took more than one hundred years, however, for the fax to be seen as useful. In 1843 Alexander Bain invented a machine to _(electrical)
3、 transmit(传输) writing. At first, it was considered _(use) since few people thought there was _need for transmitting writing over _(wire). Eventually the value of the invention was realized, and it was improved _office use. By the 1980s, the fax machine became a piece of standard _(equip) in offices.
4、 The reason is _it can very quickly transmit written documents. Who knows how many other inventions just need to be recognized as valuable?【答案】 because;value;was invented;electrically;useless;a/any;wires;for;equipment;that 【解析】【分析】主要讲了一些发明因为人们不能想象它们的价值而失去,列举传真机器的发明来说明这点。 (1)句意:足够奇怪的是,因为人们不能想象它们的价值,所
5、以一些发明消失了。后句表示原因,所以用because;形容词修物主代词修饰名词,their它们的,形容词修物主代词,所以后面用形容词valuable的名词value,不可数名词,故填because,value。 (2)句意:传真的科技在19世纪被发明。invent发明,实义动词,主语technology是动作invent的承受者,时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语technology是不可数名词,所以用was,invent的过去分词是invented,故填was invented。 (3)句意:1843年,亚历山大贝恩发明了一种电子传输文字
6、的机器。electrical电子的,形容词,副词修饰实义动词,transmit传输,实义动词,所以用副词electrically,电子地,故填electrically。 (4)句意:起初,它被认为是无用的,因为很少有人认为有必要通过电线传输文字。be considere形容词,表示被认为怎么样,固定搭配,根据后文可知传真的作用后来才被认可,所以起初被认为是无用的,use使用,实义动词,其形容词是useless,无用的;原因是很少人认为有必要,few表示否定,所以用a/any;wire,电线,可数名词,前面没有表示单数的a或者one,所以用复数wires,故填useless;a/any;wire
7、s。 (5)句意:最终,这项发明的价值得以实现,并被改进为办公用途。为了办公用途才被改进,所以用for,为了,故填for。 (6)句意:到了20世纪80年代,传真机已成为办公室的标准设备。equip,装备,实义动词,形容词修饰名词,standard,标准的,形容词,所以用equip的名词equipment,设备,不可数名词,故填equipment。 (7)句意:原因是它能很快地传送书面文件。the reason is that.,原因是,固定搭配,故填that。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。3阅读下面短
8、文,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Only a mothers love is true love. When you are still a baby, your mother takes good care _ you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds you in her arms. When you are ill, she stops her work at once to look after you day and _ and forgets about her
9、self. When you _ (grow) up day by day,she feels very happy. When you are old _ to go to school, your mother still looks _ you all the time. On cold winter days, she always tells you _ (put) on more clothes. She always stands in the wind waiting for you back from school every day. When you hurry to l
10、eave home for school with little breakfast, she always feels worried about you at home, She _ (usual) cares about your study and spends much money on your school things. When you do well at school, you _ (see) the brightest smile on her face. Mother can do everything for you day after day. Mother is
11、 always ready to give everything she has to her _ (child). _ true love it is in the world! We will remember it forever!【答案】 of;night;are growing;enough;after;to put;usually;will see;children;What 【解析】【分析】文章大意:短文论述了母爱的伟大。 (1)句意:当你还是个孩子的时候,你妈妈尽可能地照顾你,take care of照顾,故答案是of。 (2)句意:当你生病的时候,他立即停止工作日夜照顾你。d
12、ay and night,日日夜夜,固定短语,故答案是night。 (3)句意:当你一天天长大的时候,她感到非常高兴。grow生产,动词,根据day by day可知,句子时态为现在进行时,现在进行时的结构式be+doing,主语you是第二人称,be的形式为are,故答案是are growing。 (4)句意:当你年龄足够大,可以去上学的时候。be +形容词+to do sth.足够而能够,固定句式,故答案是enough。 (5)句意:你妈妈让然一直照看着你。look after照管,照看,固定短语,故答案是after。 (6)句意:在寒冷的冬天,他总是告诉你多穿衣服。tell sb do
13、do sth.告诉某人做某事,固定句式,因此使用动词不定式,故答案是to put。 (7)句意:她通常会关心你的学习,在你的学习用品上花费很多钱。空缺处需要副词修饰动词,所以将usual改为usually,故答案是usually。 (8)句意:当你在学校表现地好的时候,你能看见她脸上最灿烂的微笑。本句为一种假设,主句使用一般将来时,一般将来时的结构式will+do,故答案是will see。 (9)句意:妈妈总是准备把她拥有的一切给了她的孩子。这里是泛指,指所有的有妈的孩子,应使用复数,child的复数为children,故答案是children。 (10)句意:世界上多么真实的爱啊!本句为感
14、叹句,强调名词love,因此使用what引导,因为在句首,首字母应大写,故答案是What。 【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素,最后通读一遍检查验证。4阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Britain you arent allowed _ (drive) a car until you are seventeen. You have to get a special driving license _ you can drive, Wh
15、en youre learning, someone with a full license always has to be in the car _ you. You arent allowed to drive the car on the road alone. You dont have to go to a driving school. A friend can teach you. The person who teaches you isnt allowed to take money _ the lesson unless he has got a teacher s li
16、cense. You have to take a _ (drive) test to have a full license. If you dont pass the test, you will be allowed to take it again a few weeks later if you want to. In 1970, a woman passed her _ (forty) test after 212 driving lessons! When you have passed your test, you are allowed to go on driving as
17、 long _ you like, if you are _ (health). Britains _ (old) driver was a man who drove in 1974 at the age of 100. Before 1904, everyone was allowed to drive, even _ (child). From then on car drivers must have licenses.【答案】 to drive;before;with;for;driving;fortieth;as;healthy;oldest;children 【解析】【分析】本文
18、介绍了英国在开车上路之前考取驾照的情况。 (1)句意: 在英国,直到17岁你才被允许开车。be allowed to do,固定搭配,允许做某事,故此处是不定式,故填 to drive。 (2)句意: 你必须得到一张特殊的驾驶执照才能开车。根据常识,开车前要考驾照,之前before , 故填 before。 (3)句意: 当你学习的时候,一个有驾照的人总是必须在你的车里和你在一起。根据 has to be in the car 可知是和某人在车里,是介词,with , 故填 with。 (4)句意: 除非有教师执照,否则教你的人不允许为了钱上课。for,介词表示目的,为了 , 故填 for。
19、(5)句意: 必须参加驾驶考试才能获得驾照。test是名词其前是形容词,此处是动名词做定语,表示用途 , 故填 driving。 (6)句意: 1970年,一名女子经过212节驾驶课,通过了第40次考试!根据限定词her可知此处是序数词,forty是基数词,fortieth是序数词 , 故填 fortieth。 (7)句意: 如果你健康,当你通过考试后,只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。as long as,固定搭配,只要,故填 as。 (8)句意:如果你健康,当你通过考试后,只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。are系动词后是形容词,health是名词,healthy是系动词 , 故填 healthy。 (9
20、)句意: 英国最老的司机是1974年100岁时开车的人。driver是名词其前是形容词,此处根据100岁可知是最老的司机,用形容词最高级 , 故填 oldest。 (10)句意: 1904年以前,每个人都被允许开车,甚至是小孩。此处是名词复数表示泛指,child的复数是children , 故填 children。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。5阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The topic of this programme is environmental protection. We human beings _(d
21、o) a lot of things at the cost of the environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time for us to understand the _(important) of protecting the environment and do something about it. And today I would like _(introduce) some simple but useful ways that we can follow
22、_(easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn _lights if it is unnecessary. Then, go out in environmentfriendly ways such as by bus, by subway or by bike. We can even walk to work when possible,_it is really helpful for both of our budget and health. Thirdly, try best to _(use)things like books, paper, m
23、agazines and so on. And we can also take a cloth bag when we go _(shop). Please dont use plastic ones. Of course the public should raise environmental awareness and realize it is _(everyone) duty to protect the environment. Last but not least, the government should make laws to guide peoples _(behav
24、e).【答案】 have done;importance;to introduce;easily;off;because;use;shopping;everyones;behavior 【解析】【分析】文章大意:我们人类在过去的几年里为了快速发展经济,做了很多牺牲环境的事情。我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境并采取措施了。今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法。首先,如果不必要,要关闭灯。然后,绿色出行,比如坐公共汽车、坐地铁或骑自行车。如果可能的话,我们甚至可以步行去上班。第三,尽量使用如书籍、纸张、杂志等这样的东西。当我们去购物时,我们也可以带一个布袋。当然,公众应该提高环境意识,认识到保护环境是每
25、个人的责任。最后,政府应该制定法律来指导人民的行为。 (1)句意:在过去的几年里,为了快速发展经济,我们人类以牺牲环境为代价做了很多事情。根据 in the past few years,可知现在完成时态,现在完成时的结构是have done。主语是复数,故答案是have done。 (2)句意:我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境的重要性并采取措施了。 the importance of.,的重要性,固定搭配,故答案是importance。 (3)句意:今天,我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法,would like to do,想要干某事,固定搭配,故答案是to introduce。 (4)句意:我们可
26、以在日常生活中很容易地遵循。 副词修饰动词,follow是动词,故答案是easily。 (5)句意:首先,如果没有必要的,关闭灯。关掉,turn off,固定搭配,故答案是off。 (6)句意:如果可能的话,我们甚至可以步行去上班,因为这对我们的预算和健康都很有帮助。 这是一个原因状语从句,能够构成原因状语从句的是because,故答案是because。 (7)句意:第三,尽量使用书籍、纸张、杂志等物品。try best to do,尽力做某事,固定搭配,故答案是use。 (8)句意:我们也可以在购物时带一个布袋。go shopping,去购物,固定搭配,故答案是shopping。 (9)句意
27、:当然,公众应该提高环境意识,认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。duty名词,前面需要所有格, 每个人的,故答案是everyones。 (10)句意:最后,政府应该制定法律来指导人们的行为。peoples是名词所有格,后面加名词,故答案是behavior。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。6阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。 There is a nice family living in Val
28、ladolid, a beautiful city in Spain._father, Jose Garcia, is a tall and friendly man. He_(work) in a famous company. He married Teresa, a_(beauty) woman, _dark eyes and light hair. She is a _(teach) of a primary school. Jose and Teresa have three_(child): Susan, Rebecca and Juan. The_(old), Susan, is
29、 24 years old. Shes a doctor and busy with her work every day. She_(usual) goes to work at 8 a.m. and comes home after 7p.m. Rebecca, a beautiful girl with big dark eyes, is 19 years old and_(study)Chinese in the Canary Islands. Juan, a naughty 11-year-oldboy, dreams of_a great football player. They
30、 are a happy family.【答案】 The;works;beautiful;with;teacher;children;eldest;usually;studies;becoming 【解析】【分析】文章大意:在西班牙美丽的城市瓦拉多利德,住着一个很好的家庭。何塞加西亚娶了特蕾莎。她是一所小学的五年级教师。何塞和特蕾莎生了三个孩子:苏珊、丽贝卡和胡安。苏珊,24岁。她是个医生,每天都忙于工作。She早上8点上班,晚上7点回家。Rebecca,19岁,在加那利群岛学习中文。胡安,一个顽皮的11岁男孩,梦想着成为一名伟大的足球运动员。他们是一个幸福的家庭。 (1)句意:爸爸,何塞加西
31、亚是一个高个子善良的人。father特指前文提到的住在瓦拉多利德承德市幸福家庭中的爸爸,因此使用定冠词,因为在句首,手字母t应大写,故答案是The。 (2)句意:他在一个著名的公司上班。本文的基本时态为一般现在时,所以本句也是一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词使用单三形式,故答案是works。 (3)句意:他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女。beauty作定语修饰woman,应使用形容词beautiful,故答案是beautiful。 (4)句意:他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女、长着黑色眼睛作定语修饰woman,应使用介词with连接,故答案是with。 (5)句
32、意:他是一个小学的老师。根据冠词a,可知后面单数可数名词,与teach相关的名词是teacher,老师,故答案是teacher。 (6)句意:何塞和特蕾莎有三个孩子。child孩子,可数名词,根据three可知应使用复数形式children,故答案是children。 (7)句意:最大的,苏珊24岁了。根据后文的叙述可知苏珊年龄最大,兄弟姐妹之间年龄最大使用eldest,故答案是eldest。 (8)句意:她通常八点上班。usual修饰go to work,应使用副词形式usually,故答案是usually。 (9)句意:长着黑色大眼睛的丽贝卡19岁了,在加那利群岛学习中文,文章的基本时态为
33、一般现在时,主语Rebacca是第三人称单数,动词使用单三形式,故答案是studies。 (10)句意:十一岁的胡安是一个淘气的男孩,他的梦想是成为一乐伟大的足球运动员。空缺处是 a great football player. 的逻辑谓语,能够跟 a great football player. 构成动宾关系的是become,of是介词,介词后跟动词ing形式,故答案是becoming。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。7语法填空 Chen Yujie s
34、tudies at a boarding school in Ningbo, Zhejiang. She used to go back to her home in Cixi every week _ (get) money from her parents. It was not a short ride home and the trips were tiring. Chen hoped her parents could put the money on a bank card, _ she didnt have to travel so often. She decided to d
35、iscuss _ with her parents during TV time after dinner. Its usually the most relaxing time for our family, said Chen. She _ the right time. After a few turns of lobbying(游说), her parents _ agreed with Chen. For most teenagers like Chen, talking to parents can be difficult or even worrying. So they ha
36、ve to choose a right time. American magazine Highlight recently surveyed 1,521 _ (kid) aged 612 in the country, asking questions like When you want to talk to your parents about something important, when is _ best time to do it?. Results show that American kids seem to know when their parents are mo
37、st receptive(乐于接受的). Mealtime is discovered to be their favourite time to talk to their parents. Bedtime comes _ (two), followed by time spent in the car. _ (China) teenagers seem to have a similar tendency(倾向) towards the problem. A newspaper in Zhejiang did a survey _ it. The result shows most tee
38、nagers in the city would choose mealtime to talk to their parents. So do you have anything to talk to your parents? Choose a good time.【答案】 to get;so;it;chose;finally;kids;the;second;Chinese;of 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了青少年和父母交流的问题,对大多数青少年来说,与父母交谈可能很困难,甚至令人担忧。所以他们必须选择正确的时间。 (1)句意: 她常常每周回到在慈溪的家为了从父母那里取钱。此处是不定式做目的
39、状语,为了,故填 to get。 (2)句意: 陈希望她的父母可以把钱打到银行卡上,这样她不用经常回家了。根据 put the money on a bank card和she didnt have to travel so often可知,把钱打到银行卡上的结果是这样她不用经常回家了,故此处是连词表示结果,so是连词 ,故填so。 (3)句意: 她决定晚饭后看电视时和她的父母讨论这件事。discuss后缺少宾语,it指代把钱打到银行卡上这件事,故用it指代一件事,故填it。 (4)句意: 她选择了正确时间。此处缺少谓语动词,根据下文choose mealtime to talk to the
40、ir parents 选择用餐时间和父母交谈,可知是选择时机,choose是动词,描述过去用一般过去时,choose的过去式是chose,故填 chose。 (5)句意: 在几次游说下,她的父母终于同意了陈的意见。副词修饰动词agreed,finally,终于,是副词 , 故填 finally。 (6)句意: 美国杂志最近重点调查了该国15216名6-12岁的儿童。基数词1521后是名词复数,故填 kids。 (7)句意: 当你想和你的父母谈论重要的事情,最佳时间是什么时候? best是最高级,故此处缺少定冠词the,故填the。 (8)句意: 睡觉时间是其次。根据 followed by t
41、ime 接着是时间,可知此处表示顺序,故用序数词,two是基数词,second是序数词,第二 , 故填 second。 (9)句意: 中国青少年似乎也有类似的处理问题的倾向。 teenagers是名词其前是形容词,China是名词,中国,Chinese是形容词,中国的 , 故填 Chinese。 (10)句意: 浙江的一份报纸,做了一个调查。a survey of,固定搭配,的调查,故填of。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。8阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Friends are important to everyon
42、e, _, some people may have trouble _ (keep) their friendships. Here are some tips on how to make your friendship _ (deep) and stronger. Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends with some people. Though your identity (身份) is always changing, some of your per
43、sonality will stay pretty much _ same. Find out _ those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself _ (honest) to the people around you. Avoid gossip (八卦). Friends shouldnt spread rumors (谣言) about other friends. If youve heard something bad about your friends, _ (find) a
44、 proper way of asking them about it by _ (you). If youre not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice. Protect your friends. Very often, somebody that youre not close to doubts one of your _ (friend). Its important to find out both sides of the story, but its also a good ch
45、ance to show your friend that you trust him by telling him. Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when youre in trouble and listen patiently when your friend shares a problem _ you. Be sure you are as helpful
46、 as your friend, because he will take notice and feel good you.【答案】 however;keeping;deeper;the;what;honest;find;yourself;friends;with 【解析】【分析】大意:文章主要提出了使友谊变得深厚、坚固的四个建议。 (1)句意:然而,有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据上文 Friends are important to everyone 朋友对每个人都很重要,可知此处为转折,然而有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦,应用转折连词however。故答案为however。 (2)句意:有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据固定搭配have trouble doing sth.做某事有麻烦,可知此处应用动词keep的ing形式keeping。故答案为keeping。 (3)句意:这里有一些在如何使你的友谊更深厚、更坚固的提示。根据并列形容词比较级stronger更坚固,可知此处应用形容词deep的比较级deeper。故答案为deeper。 (4)句意:尽管你的身份总是在改变,你的一些性格基本上会保持一样。根据形容词same,一样的,可知此处应填定冠