1、【英语】中考英语名词练习题及答案及解析一、初中英语名词1(重庆) Its cold today. Take your with you when you go out.A.knifeB.coatC.brushD.key【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:今天天气冷,当你出去的时候,请带上你的外衣。A. knife 小刀; B. coat外衣; C. brush 刷子; D. key钥匙。根据Its cold today.可知,这里指的是出去带着外衣,故选B。2Upstairs are bedrooms. They are tidy and nice. But are in a
2、 mess. A.Lilys and Lucys; ourB.Lilys and Lucys; oursC.Lilys and Lucy; oursD.Lily and Lucys; our【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:楼上是利莉莉的和露西的卧室,他们整洁又好看,但是我们的一团糟。根据they,可知莉莉和露西每人有一个卧室,因此两个词都应使用所有格,故排除CD;第二空后面没有名词出现,应使用名词性物主代词,ours,我们的,故答案是B。 【点评】考查名词所有格和名词性物主代词,注意当两个人分别拥有某个东西时,两个词都应使用所有格形式,如果物主代词后没有名词出现,应使用名词性物主代词。3L
3、ook, the boss is very angry with Alex.Well, he came late again. But thats no _ to shout at him.A.problemB.lessonC.excuseD.reason【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:看,老板非常生亚历克斯的气。哦,他又来晚了。但是没有理由冲他大喊。problem没问题;lesson课; excuse理由;reason原因。根据but可知此处表示转折,就是他来晚了,也没有理由对他大喊,故选C。【点评】此题考查名词的辨析,注意识记意义相近的名词。4Frank is a friend of
4、_. He is a scientist from Canada. A.myB.IC.meD.mine【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:Frank是我的朋友中的一个,他是来自加拿大的科学家。A my,我的,所有格;B 我,主语;C 我,宾格;D 我的,名词性物主代词;of+物主代词,双重所有格,因此用名词性物主代词mine,a friend of mine,我的朋友,故选D。 【点评】 考查动词辨析,注意双重所有格的用法。5You should look into his eyes when you talk to somebody. It shows your _. A.shynessB.
5、politenessC.quietness【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】当你和一个人谈话时你应该看他的眼睛,它显示了你的礼貌。your+名词。A. shyness害羞;B. politeness礼貌;C. quietness安静;根据句意及语境可知应选B。【点评】名词的辨析要求所选名词在意义上更符合句子的表达,而许多同学的最大问题是把握不住所提供的选项的意思,这需要我们平时加强积累。6What was the _ of the football match last night? AC Milan won the game.A.valueB.resultC.choiceD.decision【答
6、案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:-昨天晚上的足球赛的结果是什么?-AC米兰队赢了。value价值;result结果;choice选择;decision决定。根据句意可知,比赛所涉及的当然是结果,故答案为B。【点评】考查名词词义辨析,熟记单词,理解句意,注意基本逻辑。7Tim got four from his relatives on Childrens Day. A.toyB.toysC.toies【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:Tim在儿童节从亲戚那里收到4个玩具。toy是可数名词,four后面用可数名词复数,toy的复数是toys,故选B。 【点评】考查可数名词复数,注意平时识记,理
7、解句意。8Are you thirsty?Yes, please give us _.A.three bottle waterB.three bottle of waterC.three bottles of waterD.three bottles of waters【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:你们口渴吗?是的,请给我们三瓶水。water不可数名词,不可数名词的数量可以用适当的量词作单位来表示, 结构为“数词+量词+ of +不可数名词”。bottle是可数名词,所以三瓶水为three bottles of water,故选C。【点评】考查不可数名词的复数,应体现在量词上。9(青岛)
8、Nancy took her temperature and found she had a .A.coughB.toothacheC.coldD.fever【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意:南希量了她的体温,发现她发烧了。cough咳嗽;toothache牙痛;cold感冒;fever发烧。结合语境,所以选D。10After playing football for more than half an hour, the students took rest. A.a few minutesB.a little minutesC.a few minutesD.a little
9、 minutes【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:踢了一个半小时后,学生们进行了几分钟的休息。a few修饰可数名词复数,a little修饰不可数名词,minute 分钟,可数名词,a few minutes 几分钟;这里用复数名词的所有格修饰名词rest,take a few minutes rest,休息几分钟,故选C。 【点评】此题考查名词所有格。根据上下文的联系确定名词所有格的形式。11(贵州遵义).A: Can I help you, madam? B: I want_ .A.two boxes of appleB.two glass of waterC.two bowls of
10、 porridge【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:一我可以帮助你吗?夫人?一我要两碗粥。A . two boxes of apple 两箱苹果,apple是可数名词,两箱苹果,该用复数,错;B. two glass of water 两杯水,glass杯子,是可数名词,两杯,要用复数形式,错; C. two bowls of porridge两碗粥,porridge是不可数名词,没有复数形式,正确。故选C。12Im looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup.Me too. I hope the German team will b
11、e the . Its my favourite.A.playerB.winnerC.loser【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:-我正盼望着2018年世界杯的决赛。-我也是,我希望德国队会是获胜者。它是我最喜欢的。player运动员;winner获胜者;loser失败者。根据后一句my favorite可知德国队是“我”支持的球队,当然希望它“赢”,故答案为B。【点评】考查名词辨析,理解句意,根据语境判断答案。13 Kate, Im going shopping. Anything to buy for you?Yes, that will save me a_.A.handB.tripC.
12、visitD.bill【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:凯特,我要去购物,你要买东西吗?是的,这样我就少跑一趟。A. hand 手、B. trip 旅途,路途 C. visit拜访、D. bill账单。有人帮忙买东西,自己不用去,所以就省去跑一趟,固定搭配save sb a trip 省去某人跑一趟。故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析,固定搭配save sb a trip 。14Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me.If you make a , you must keep it.A.jokeB.noiseC.mistakeD.pr
13、omise【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意:-妈妈,我今年将会少吃快餐,相信我。-如果你许下诺言,你就必须坚持它。Joke笑话;noise吵闹;mistake错误;promise诺言。结合语境,所以选D。15(咸宁)Tu You you received the Nobel Prize for her _ of anemisinin(青蒿素).And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science.A.designB.thoughtC.inventionD.discovery【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:屠呦呦
14、因为发现了青蒿素获得了诺贝尔奖。而且她是第一位在科学方面获得诺贝尔奖的中国人。design设计;thought想法;invention发明;discovery发现。因为anemisinin(青蒿素).是原来就存在的,因此是发现了它。故选D。【点评】考查名词辨析,结合语境选择合适的词。16 Carol, I read a very interesting Internet post on a website last night. Well, what does it say?A.An electronic messageB.A long piece of woodC.a job in an o
15、rganization【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:卡罗尔,我昨天晚上在网站上看到一个非常有趣的网络海报。哦,上面说什么?post海报;A.电子信息;B.一块木板;C.一个组织里的工作。故选A。【点评】考查名词词义。17(重庆) Its hot today. Have some _, please. No, thanks. Im not thirsty at all.A.waterB.potatoesC.breadD.cakes【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意:今天很热。请喝一些水。不,谢谢。我一点都不渴。water水;potatoes土豆;bread面包;cakes蛋糕
16、。根据答语中Im not thirsty at all.可知该选A。18Can I help you, Madam? Yes _, please.A.Two pair of socksB.Two pairs of socksC.Two pairs of sockD.Two pair of sock【答案】 B 【解析】【分析句意:要我帮忙吗,女士?是的,两双袜子。sock,袜子,可数名词,经常使用复数。a pair of 一双,two pairs of,两双,two pairs of socks,两双袜子,故选B。 【点评】此题考查名词复数。注意量词的表达方式。19(黑龙江) How far
17、is your home from school? About _ walk.A.five minutesB.five minutesC.five minutes【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:你家离学校多远?大约五分钟的路。五分钟:five minutes;五分钟的:five minutes(以s结尾的名词的所有格,在s的右上角加)。故选B。【点评】本题考查时间、天气、距离名词的所有格。名词复数所有格以s结尾的名词的所有格,在s的右上角加20Simon always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day.Thats a good
18、. Reading makes a full man.A.dreamB.wishC.habit【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:-西蒙在每天上床睡觉前总是读书半个小时。-那是个好习惯。阅读让我成为一个充实的人。dream梦想;wish希望;habit习惯。睡前读书是要一种习惯,故答案为C。【点评】考查名词的词义辨析。21(广西百色)I feel a bit tired for I saw a two _ film last night.A.hourB.hoursC.hoursD.hours【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:因为昨天晚上我看了一部两小时的电影,所以我感到有点儿疲倦。“两小时”:
19、two hours(表示不止一个,名词用复数),”两小时的”:two hours(以s结尾的名词的所有格,在s后加)。故选D。22What would you like to drink, girls?_, please.A.Two glass of waterB.Two glass of watersC.Two cups of teaD.Two cups of teas【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:女孩们,你们想喝些什么?两杯茶。glass和cup是可数名词,两杯应用复数形式,因此A、B错误;tea是不可数名词,没有复数,故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析,区分glass、cup、tea的用
20、法。23June 1st is Day. All the children enjoy it very much. A.the ChildrensB.ChildrensC.ChildrensD.the Childrens【答案】B 【解析】【分析】英语中表示节日时,前面不能用定冠词the,故排除AD;因为children本身就是复数,故其名称所有格应该是加s,故用Childrens。所以本题选B。【点评】对于英语中的节日,一般前面不能加the,另外对于名词所有格,如果是以s结尾的复数的名词所有格则直接加 ,如Teachers Day。24一 What do you want to do as
21、your future career?一 Id like to be an astronaut, but I think it is very difficult.A.lifeB.hobbyC.job【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:你想做什么当作你未来的职业?我想当宇航员,但是我认为那很困难。career职业;life生命;hobby爱好;job工作。故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析。25How was your journey to Canada?It was wonderful. _ meaningful experience it was! A.HowB.What aC.How aD.W
22、hat【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:你去加拿大的旅行怎么样?它是美好的。多么有意义的经历!感叹句的构成:How+形容词+主语+谓语,What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语,What+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语,experience是一个可数名词,所以选B。【点评】 考查感叹句。26That tennis ball is one of _. A.Jane fathersB.Janes fathersC.Jane fathersD.Janes fathers【答案】D 【解析】【分析】此题考查名词的所有格,在人称的后面打再加s, Jane的父亲应在其后加s,而f
23、athers后是省掉了tennis balls,选D。27 Archimedes was really a wise man. He could easily _ the kings problem. Yes, so he was. And he was also a great scientist who had a lot of _.A.reduce; adventuresB.beat; decisionsC.solve; achievements【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:阿基米德真是个聪明人。他可以轻易地国王的问题。是的,确实很聪明,他也是一个有着很多的伟大科学家。A.减少;冒
24、险。B.打败;决定。 C.解决;成就。结合句意选C。【点评】考查动词和名词词义。28_ is scientific knowledge used in practical ways in industry, for example, in making new machines.A.PowerB.TechnologyC.Software【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:技术就是被应用在工业实践中的科学知识,例如,制造新机器。power力量;technology技术;software软件,故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。29After walking, I feel very thirsty n
25、ow. Lets go and buy some_ to drink.A.breadB.noodlesC.orangeD.teas【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:散步后,我现在感到很渴。让我们去买一些桔汁来喝。A.bread面包,B.noodles面条,C.orange桔汁,D.teas茶。根据句子出现了drink,可知空缺的意义为饮料,填入orange,故选C。 【点评】考查名词辨析,注意orange的用法。30(云南)You are supposed to be more careful to make fewer while you are writing.A.troubleB.matterC.mistakesD.problems【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:你写的时候应该更仔细,少犯错。A. trouble麻烦,烦恼;B. matter事情,麻烦事;C. mistakes错误;D. problems问题,难题。fewer修饰可数名词的复数形式,A、B错。make mistakes犯错;make problems制造麻烦。根据语境,书写时“犯错”,故选C。