1、【英语】中考英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案)一、定语从句1The lady spoke to me in the shop is my aunt.AWhichBwhoCwhereDWhat【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:在商店与我说话的那位女士是我的姑姑。A. Which哪一个;B. who 谁;C. where 在哪; D. What什么。The lady为先行词,指人,引导词用who或that,故答案为B。考点: 考查定语从句的引导词。2This is the dictionary _ Mum gave me for my birthday.AwhichBwhatCwhoseDwhom【答
2、案】A【解析】【详解】句意:这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句,先行词是为物时用which;what不能引导定语从句;先行词指人时用who;当先行词为物主代词时用whose。本题先行词为dictionary,字典是物,所以用关系词which。故选A。3 Do you like the weekly talk show,The Readers,on CCTV? SureIt s a great TV program purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the publicAwhichBthatCwhatDwhose
3、【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:你喜欢CCTV的每周脱口秀节目朗读者吗?当然这是一个很棒的电视节目,其目的是把阅读习惯带回公众先行词a great TV program,关系词在定语从句中做purpose的定语,故用关系代词whose故选D4All the classmates enjoyed the cake _I made at the party. It was really delicious.AthatBwhoCwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词;先行词是人或物;B. who关系代词,先行词是人;C. wh
4、at什么,通常不能引导定语从句。I made at the party.是定语从句修饰先行词the cake,在这里是物,用关系词that。根据题意,故选A。5 Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? Sure. Its a great TV program can develop the habit of reading.AwhoBthatCwhatDwhose【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目朗读者吗?当然了,这是一个很棒的节目,能培养阅读的习惯。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,who是关系
5、代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词人或物都可以,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句,先排除;whose的,先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是program,故排除A;D选项意思不合适。故应选B。6The movie _ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.AwhoBwhichCwhereDwhen【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:我看过两次的电影是流浪地球。A. who谁,指人的引导词;B. which哪一个,指物的引导词;C. where哪里,指地点;D. when什么时间,指时间。本题考查定语从句。先行词是
6、The movie,因此引导词用which。故选B。7Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman _used the special power of the plant to save _lives.Awhich, millions ofBwho, millions ofCwhose, million ofDwho, million of【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:青蒿是中国常见的一种植物,而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词
7、the woman是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词who;短语millions of:数以百万的;故选B。8Do you know the boy over there?The one is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.AwhatBwhichCwhoD不填【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意: 你认识那边那个男孩吗? 那个拿着球的人?哦,他是我的邻居菲尔。本题考查定语从句。A. what什么;B. which哪一个;C. who谁。what引导的是主语,表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从句。因为定语从句是形容词性质的。而w
8、hat所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A;分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知,本题缺少的是主语,且关系词在定语从句中做主语,不能省略。故选项D不对;我们知道:who 的先行词是人,which的先行词是物。本题的The one是指上文的the boy over there,指人的先行词,因此应该用who来引导。故选C。9Du Fuguo is a hero is known to millions of Chinese people.AwhoBwhichCwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意“杜富国是一个许多中国人都知道的英雄”。本题考查定语从
9、句。A.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.定语从句中关系词没有what。先行词为a hero,指人,在从句中作主语,故选A。【点睛】做定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。10Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree _ waiting in a line?They are the students from No. 1 Primary School.Athat areBwhere areCwhich isDwh
10、o is【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?他们是来自第一小学的学生。考查定语从句。根据句意:弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁? 他们是来第一小学的学生可知先行词是children,指人,作主语,故选代词用who/that;children是复数,系词用are,故选A。11A true friend is a person _ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.AwhomBwhoseCwhoDwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中
11、先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语,且指人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who;结合句意和选项可知选C。【点睛】在定语从句中,当先行词是人时,引导词在定语从句中做主语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或who,引导词在定语从句中做宾语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom,引导词前面有介词时,必须用介词whom。例如,(1) The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Toms sister. (2)The person that/whom you talked to just now is T
12、oms father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Toms father.在定语从句中,当先行词是物时,引导词在定语从句中做主语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或which,引导词在定语从句中做宾语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或which,引导词前面有介词时,必须用介词which。例如,He was reading a book which/that was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。 在定语从句中,当先行词和后面的名词是所属关系时,用whose引导此定语从句。例如,They lives in a room
13、 whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。12We have decided to sell five things _ we no longer use.AthatBwhereCwho【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意“我们已经决定卖5个我们不再用的东西”。本题考查定语从句。A.关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;B.关系副词,表示地点,在从句中作状语;C.关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语和宾语。本句话中,先行词为five things,指物,且在从句中作宾语,用that,故选A。13Teenagers like reading t
14、he books _ are written by Guo Jingming.AwhoBwhatCwhoseDthat【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析:句意:青少年喜欢读郭敬明写的书。who先行词是人; what 不能引导定语从句;whose 先行词是人或物,作定语; that先行词是人或物。此句先行词books表示物,关系代词该用that,所以选D。14Do you have books about famous scientists _ are suitable for children to read?AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“你有
15、关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗?”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what;B.which指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C.who指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;D.whom指人,在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知,先行词为books指物,在从句中作主语,故选B。15According to the survey, women _drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than _who dont.A who; that B /; theseC who; thos
16、e D / ; /【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意为:据调查,每天喝超过两杯咖啡的女人比那些不喝咖啡的女人患心脏疾病的机会大得多。根据语境可知,本题考查的是定语从句的引导词和代词的用法。在定语从句中,引导词由先行词而定,who的先行词指人。此外,这里指的是“喝咖啡与不喝咖啡的那些女人”的比较,代词应用those,表示同名同物,故应选C。考点:考查引导词和指示代词的用法。16Yu Guangzhong is a famous writer and poet_ wrote the well-known poem Nostalgia (乡愁) and passed away on December
17、14th, 2017.AwhoBwhichCwhatDwhose【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:余光中是一位著名的作家和诗人,曾写过著名的乡愁,于2017年12月14日去世。考查定语从句。A. who谁;B. which哪一个;C. what什么;D. whose谁的;由题干可知本题考查定语从句,先行词指的是人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who来引导;故答案选A。17The number of people_were killed in the accident_been announced yet.Athat; haventBwho; hasntCwhich; hasntDwho; hav
18、ent【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:在事故中死亡的人的数量还没有被公布。第一空后_were killed in the accident是定语从句,先行词是people,指人的所以可以用that或who,第二空缺少的是谓语动词,句子的主语是The number 单数,所以谓语动词也用单数形式,故选B。考点:考查定语从句及主谓一致的用法。18The Gree (格力) Company is developing a new kind of machine can cool down our rooms more quickly.AwhoBwhatCwhomDwhich【答案】D【解析】试题分
19、析:句意:格力公司正在开发一种新的机器,它可以使我们的房间更迅速地降温。A. who先行词为人,作主语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whom先行词为人,作宾语;D. which先行词为物,此句的先行词为machine,指物,故答案为D。考点:考查定语从句的连接词。19Carla cant stand the boy _ often plays jokes on her in front of the whole class.AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhom【答案】B【解析】句意:Carla无法忍受那个经常在全班面前取笑她的那个男孩。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语或宾
20、语;who引导定语从句修饰人,作主语或宾语;what引导名词性从句,作主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语。此处先行词boy表示人,在定语从句中作主语,故用who引导定语从句。故选B。20The old man came into the room with a little boy_was carrying a big bag.AwhoBwhichCwhomDwhose【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:那位老人带着一个拿大袋子的小孩走进了房间。从题干分析此题是考查定语从句,先行词是人,并在从句中作主语,所以关系词要用who,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法21The young
21、man _ is a friend of mine.Awho I had a talk Bwhom I had a talk withCwhom I had a talk Dwhich I had a talk with【答案】B【解析】句意:和我交谈的那个年轻人是我的一个朋友。短语have a talk with sb和某人交谈;空格处是定语从句,先行词 man是指人的,关系词在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,故选B。22-What do you think of the Sun Island? Is it worth visiting? -Of course. Its one of the
22、 best places I have ever been to.AwhichBthatCwho【答案】B【解析】句意:你认为Sun Island怎样?它值得参观吗?当然,它是我去过的最好的地方之一。考察定语从句that的用法。当先行词前边有最高级时,关系词用that。故选B23Why are you still here? Its time to start.Im busy searching the Internet for the photos of some famous singers _ I can use in my speech.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】
23、B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么还在这儿?时间到了。我在忙着在网上搜索一些著名歌手的照版,我可以在演讲中使用。空后是一个定语从句,先行词是the photos,指事物,用that、which引出定语从句。故选B。24Most students enjoy having lessons _ are interesting and lively.AthatBwhatCwhoDwhose【答案】A【解析】句意:大多数学生喜欢有趣的充满活力的课堂。此句考查定语从句的关联词,what不能引导定语从句,先行词lessons指物,要由that/which来引导,作定语从句的主语,故答案为A。25The fi
24、rst thing_ I did on Mothers Day was to make breakfast for her.AwhoBwhereCwhoseDthat【答案】D【解析】句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The first thing,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her是表语。I did on Mothers Day作定语修饰前面的the first thing, 定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,who指人的,故排除A;where在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose
25、在定语从句中作定语,故排除C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that,故选D。点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。26You look smart in the Tshirt _ your daughter bought for you. Thanks a lot.AwhichBwhoCwhomDwhose【答案】A【解析】本题考查定语从句。根据句意“你穿上那件你女儿为你买的衣服看起来很时尚”。先行词为the T-shirt,指物,在从句中做宾语。A. which
26、指物,做主语和宾语;B.指人,做主语和宾语;C.whom指人,做宾语;D. whose指人和物,做定语。故选A。【点睛】作定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。27Do you know the boy father is from Japan?Yes, his name is Mike.AwhomBwhoCwhichDwhose【答案】D【解析】句意:你认识那个其父亲来自日本的男孩吗?是的,他的名字叫迈克。考查定语从句。先行词the boy是人,不可用指物的which,可排除C。who和whom
27、虽指人,但用于人称,空格后有名词father,所以空格需填表物主的whose。根据句意结构,可知选D。28Stephen Hawking _ wrote A Brief History of Time(时间简史)is a great British scientist.AwhoBwhichCwhat【答案】A【解析】句意:写时间简史的Stephen Hawking是一个伟大的英国科学家。这是一个定语从句,先行词是Stephen Hawking ,是一个人,所以引导词用who;故选A29I have some information about the astronauts _ is helpf
28、ul to you.AwhoBwhatCthatDwhose【答案】C【解析】句意:我有些关于宇航员的信息对你有帮助。这里是定语从句,先行词是information是物,关系词用that,在句中做主语。先行词是人关系词用who;whose在定语从句中做定语。根据题意,故选C。点睛:1.that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置30 Running man is a very relaxing TV program_is hot among the young people.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【分析】【点评】定语从句要注意先行词是人还是物,从而选出合适的关系代词【详解】试题分析:定语从句中先行词为物,关系代词用that或whichwhat不引导定语从句,who/whom的先行词是人;根据 a very relaxing TV program可知,先行词是物,故选B